Discovery of Miocene to early Pleistocene deposits on Mayaguana, Bahamas: Evidence for recent active tectonism on the North American margin

Geology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 523-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Kindler ◽  
Fabienne Godefroid ◽  
Massimo Chiaradia ◽  
Claudia Ehlert ◽  
Anton Eisenhauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
The North ◽  
Active Tectonism

scholarly journals Ancient mitochondrial DNA reveals convergent evolution of giant short-faced bears (Tremarctinae) in North and South America

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 20160062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kieren J. Mitchell ◽  
Sarah C. Bray ◽  
Pere Bover ◽  
Leopoldo Soibelzon ◽  
Blaine W. Schubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
North American ◽  
Convergent Evolution ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
South American ◽  
The North ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

The Tremarctinae are a subfamily of bears endemic to the New World, including two of the largest terrestrial mammalian carnivores that have ever lived: the giant, short-faced bears Arctodus simus from North America and Arctotherium angustidens from South America (greater than or equal to 1000 kg). Arctotherium angustidens became extinct during the Early Pleistocene, whereas Arctodus simus went extinct at the very end of the Pleistocene. The only living tremarctine is the spectacled bear ( Tremarctos ornatus ), a largely herbivorous bear that is today only found in South America. The relationships among the spectacled bears ( Tremarctos ), South American short-faced bears ( Arctotherium ) and North American short-faced bears ( Arctodus ) remain uncertain. In this study, we sequenced a mitochondrial genome from an Arctotherium femur preserved in a Chilean cave. Our molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed that the South American short-faced bears were more closely related to the extant South American spectacled bear than to the North American short-faced bears. This result suggests striking convergent evolution of giant forms in the two groups of short-faced bears ( Arctodus and Arctotherium ), potentially as an adaptation to dominate competition for megafaunal carcasses.

scholarly journals New insights on the Early Pleistocene equids from Roca-Neyra (France, central Europe): implications for the Hipparion LAD and the Equus FAD in Europe

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Omar Cirilli ◽  
Raymond L. Bernor ◽  
Lorenzo Rook
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Late Miocene ◽  
North American ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
The North ◽  
Azov Sea

Abstract We undertake a redescription of the equid sample from the Early Pleistocene of Roca-Neyra, France. This locality has been recently calibrated at the Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary (2.6 ± 0.2 Ma) and therefore it is of interest for the first appearance of the genus Equus and last appearance of hipparionine horses. The Roca-Neyra equid sample, re-analyzed herein using morphological, morphometrical, and statistical analyses, has revealed the co-occurrence of Plesiohipparion cf. ?P. rocinantis and Equus cf. E. livenzovensis. The analysis undertaken on several European, African, and Asian “Hipparion” sensu lato species from late Miocene to Early Pleistocene has revealed different remnant Hipparion lineages in the Plio-Pleistocene of Europe: Plesiohipparion, Proboscidippaion, and likely Cremohipparion. The discovery of the first European monodactyl horse, Equus cf. E. livenzovensis correlates Roca-Neyra with other 2.6 Ma European localities in Italy, Spain, and in the Khapry area (Azov Sea region). The morphological description of the Equus cf. E. livenzovensis lower cheek teeth has highlighted intermediate features between the North American Pliocene species Equus simplicidens and Early Pleistocene European Equus stenonis. Our study supports the hypothesis that E. livenzovensis is a plausible evolutionary predecessor for the Equus stenonis group. These observations underscore the importance of Roca-Neyra as an important locality for the last European hipparions and the first Equus in the Early Pleistocene of Europe.

1588: The Bicalutamide Early Prostate Cancer Program: Findings of the North American Trial at 7.7 Years' Median Follow-Up

2006 ◽  
Vol 175 (4S) ◽  
pp. 511-512
Author(s):  
David G. McLeod ◽  
Ira Klimberg ◽  
Donald Gleason ◽  
Gerald Chodak ◽  
Thomas Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
North American ◽  
Early Prostate Cancer ◽  
The North ◽  
Cancer Program

Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery Practice Patterns: Survey of the North American Skull Base Society

2013 ◽  
Vol 74 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pete Batra ◽  
Jivianne Lee ◽  
Samuel Barnett ◽  
Brent Senior ◽  
Michael Setzen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
North American ◽  
Practice Patterns ◽  
Skull Base Surgery ◽  
Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery ◽  
The North
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