Spatial correlation between long-term exhumation rates and present-day forcing parameters in the western European Alps

Geology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 859-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Vernon ◽  
P. A. van der Beek ◽  
H. D. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Correlation ◽  
European Alps ◽  
Western European ◽  
Exhumation Rates

scholarly journals Key factors influencing metal concentrations in sediments along Western European Rivers: A long-term monitoring study (1945–2020)

2022 ◽  
Vol 805 ◽  
pp. 149778
Author(s):  
André-Marie Dendievel ◽  
Cécile Grosbois ◽  
Sophie Ayrault ◽  
Olivier Evrard ◽  
Alexandra Coynel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Factors ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Monitoring Study ◽  
Long Term Monitoring ◽  
Western European ◽  
Term Monitoring

scholarly journals Spatial Heterogeneity of Uplift Pattern in the Western European Alps Revealed by InSAR Time Series Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marguerite Mathey ◽  
Marie-Pierre Doin ◽  
Pauline André ◽  
Andrea Walpersdorf ◽  
Stéphane Baize ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
European Alps ◽  
Series Analysis ◽  
Western European

Deer density drives habitat use of establishing wolves in the Western European Alps

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 995-1008
Author(s):  
Stefanie Roder ◽  
François Biollaz ◽  
Stéphane Mettaz ◽  
Fridolin Zimmermann ◽  
Ralph Manz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
European Alps ◽  
Deer Density ◽  
Western European

New Challenges, New Elites? Changes in the Recruitment and Career Patterns of European Representative Elites

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 85-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinrich Best
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Moral Integrity ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Recruitment Patterns ◽  
Western European ◽  
Expert Status ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Second World

AbstractLong term changes in the recruitment patterns of European representative elites can be described as the aggregate result of selectorates' responses to a sequence of fundamental problems challenging polities since the emergence of modern representative political institutions in the 19th century. Recent data show that some long-term trends of (Western) European parliamentary recruitment like the increase of MPs with a public sector background have reversed or plateaued since the late 1980s. At the same time a rise in turnover, a decrease of incumbency and a growing diversity of recruitment patterns can be seen in the same group of polities. This paper explores whether and to what extent these changes are linked to changes in the party systems of Western European polities and whether new trends of parliamentary recruitment are emerging. It introduces the proposition that after the 'consensus challenge' of the post Second World War era a 'legitimacy challenge' is now shaping European legislative recruitment, increasing the value of social and cultural assets of candidates that are related to their expert-status and favouring properties signalling their moral integrity.

scholarly journals Bellwether sites for evaluating changes in landslide frequency and magnitude in cryospheric mountainous terrain: a call for systematic, long-term observations to decipher the impact of climate change

Landslides ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 2483-2501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Coe
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Slope Stability ◽  
European Alps ◽  
Mountainous Terrain ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Landslide Occurrence ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Ice Field ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Permafrost and glaciers are being degraded by the warming effects of climate change. The impact that this degradation has on slope stability in mountainous terrain is the subject of ongoing research efforts. The relatively new availability of high-resolution (≤ 10 m) imagery with worldwide coverage and short (≤ 30 days) repeat acquisition times, as well as the emerging field of environmental seismology, presents opportunities for making remote, systematic observations of landslides in cryospheric mountainous terrain. I reviewed the literature and evaluated landslide activity in existing imagery to select five ~ 5000-km2 sites where long-term, systematic observations could take place. The five proposed sites are the northern and eastern flanks of the Northern Patagonia Ice Field, the Western European Alps, the eastern Karakoram Range in the Himalayan Mountains, the Southern Alps of New Zealand, and the Fairweather Range in Southeast Alaska. Systematic observations of landslide occurrence, triggers, size, and travel distance at these sites, especially if coupled with observations from in situ instrumental monitoring, could lead to a better understanding of changes in slope stability induced by climate change. The suggested sites are not meant to be absolute and unalterable. Rather, they are intended as a starting point and discussion starter for new work in this expanding landslide research frontier.

scholarly journals Extrapolating glacier mass balance to the mountain-range scale: the European Alps 1900–2100

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 713-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Huss
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Volume Change ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Glacier Mass Balance ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
European Alps ◽  
Ice Volume ◽  
Area Reduction

Abstract. This study addresses the extrapolation of in-situ glacier mass balance measurements to the mountain-range scale and aims at deriving time series of area-averaged mass balance and ice volume change for all glaciers in the European Alps for the period 1900–2100. Long-term mass balance series for 50 Swiss glaciers based on a combination of field data and modelling, and WGMS data for glaciers in Austria, France and Italy are used. A complete glacier inventory is available for the year 2003. Mass balance extrapolation is performed based on (1) arithmetic averaging, (2) glacier hypsometry, and (3) multiple regression. Given a sufficient number of data series, multiple regression with variables describing glacier geometry performs best in reproducing observed spatial mass balance variability. Future mass changes are calculated by driving a combined model for mass balance and glacier geometry with GCM ensembles based on four emission scenarios. Mean glacier mass balance in the European Alps is −0.31 ± 0.04 m w.e. a−1 in 1900–2011, and −1 m w.e. a−1 over the last decade. Total ice volume change since 1900 is −96 ± 13 km3; annual values vary between −5.9 km3 (1947) and +3.9 km3 (1977). Mean mass balances are expected to be around −1.3 m w.e. a−1 by 2050. Model results indicate a glacier area reduction of 4–18% relative to 2003 for the end of the 21st century.

scholarly journals Decay of a long-term monitored glacier: Careser Glacier (Ortles-Cevedale, European Alps)

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1819-1838 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Carturan ◽  
C. Baroni ◽  
M. Becker ◽  
A. Bellin ◽  
O. Cainelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
European Alps ◽  
Systematic Observation ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Observation Series ◽  
The 19Th Century

Abstract. The continuation of valuable, long-term glacier observation series is threatened by the accelerated mass loss which currently affects a large portion of so-called "benchmark" glaciers. In this work we present the evolution of the Careser Glacier, from the beginning of systematic observation at the end of the 19th century to its current condition in 2012. In addition to having one of the longest and richest observation records among the Italian glaciers, Careser is unique in the Italian Alps for its 46 yr mass balance series that started in 1967. In the present study, variations in the length, area and volume of the glacier since 1897 are examined, updating and validating the series of direct mass balance observations and adding to the mass balance record into the past using the geodetic method. The glacier is currently strongly out of balance and in rapid decay; its average mass loss rate over the last 3 decades was 1.5 m water equivalent per year, increasing to 2.0 m water equivalent per year in the last decade. Although these rates are not representative at a regional scale, year-to-year variations in mass balance show an unexpected increase in correlation with other glaciers in the Alps, during the last 3 decades. If mass loss continues at this pace, the glacier will disappear within a few decades, putting an end to this unique observation series.

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