Ground-penetrating radar investigations along the North Anatolian fault near Izmit, Turkey: Constraints on the right-lateral movement and slip history

Geology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Ferry ◽  
Mustapha Meghraoui ◽  
Jean-François Girard ◽  
Thomas K. Rockwell ◽  
Özgur Kozaci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
North Anatolian Fault ◽  
Lateral Movement ◽  
The North ◽  
Slip History ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ground Penetrating

The New Swedish Cyprus Expedition 2010. Excavations at Dromolaxia Vizatzia/Hala Sultan Tekke. Preliminary results

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 69-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Fischer ◽  
Patrik Klingborg ◽  
Fanny Kärfve ◽  
Fredrika Kärfve ◽  
C. Hagberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
The North ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Area 6 ◽  
Recent Phase ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Determination of the complete occupational sequence of the site, including investigation of pre-12th century levels which were thoroughly studied by P. Åström since the 1970s, is the main task of the planned project. During the course of the expedition (NSCE11) in spring 2010 a ground-penetrating radar survey (GPR) was carried out at Dromolaxia Vizatzia/Hala Sultan Tekke in Area 6, leading to the discovery of a large Late Cypriote complex. The compound is bordered to the north by a substantial wall, against which nine rooms (so far) could be exposed. Two occupational phases have been verified but there are indications of a third. The suggested functions of the various structures of the most recent phase are: living, working, storage and administration spaces. The rich find contexts point to the production of textiles and metal objects, and the locally produced pottery is generally of a high quality. There are also many imports, mainly from the Mycenaean sphere of culture. The locally produced vessels from Phase 2 include the “Creature krater” which is a masterpiece of a high artistic standard. Another piece of elevated artistry is the piece of a “Warrior vase”.

Spatio-temporal behaviour of continental transform faults: implications from the late Quaternary slip history of the North Anatolian Fault, Turkey

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 1218-1238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cengiz Zabcı
Keyword(s):  
Shear Zone ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Slip Rate ◽  
Secondary Structures ◽  
North Anatolian Fault ◽  
Marmara Region ◽  
Temporal Behaviour ◽  
The North ◽  
Slip History ◽  
History Of

The slip history of the North Anatolian Fault (NAF) is constrained by displacement and age data for the last 550 ka. First, I classified all available geological estimates as members of three groups: Model I for the eastern, Model II for the central, and Model III for the western segments where the North Anatolian Shear Zone gradually widens from east to west. The short-term uniform slip solutions yield similar results, 17.5 +4/–3.5 mm/a, 18.9 +3.7/–3.3 mm/a, and 16.9 +1.2/–1.1 mm/a from east to the west. Although these model rates do not show any significant spatial variations among themselves, the correlation with geodetic estimates, ranging between 15 mm/a and 28 mm/a for different sections of the NAF, displays significant discrepancies especially for the central and western segments of the fault. Discrepancies suggest that most strain is accumulated along the NAF, but some portion of it is distributed along secondary structures of the North Anatolian Shear Zone. The deformation rate is constant at least for the last 195 ka, whereas the limited number of data show strain transfer from northern to the southern strand between 195 and 320 ka BP in the Marmara Region when the incremental slip rate decreases to 13.2 +3.1/–2.9 mm/a for the northern strand of the NAF. Considering the possible uncertainties of incremental displacements and their timings, more studies on slip rate are needed at different sites, including major structural elements of the North Anatolian Shear Zone. Although most of the strain is localized along the main displacement zone, the NAF, secondary structures are still capable of generating earthquakes that can hardly reach Mw 7.

scholarly journals Ground-penetrating radar inspection of subsurface historical structures at the baptism (El-Maghtas) site, Jordan

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-497
Author(s):  
AbdEl-Rahman Abueladas ◽  
Emad Akawwi
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Baptist Church ◽  
Ancient Pottery ◽  
Historical Structures ◽  
John The Baptist ◽  
The North ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Abstract. The baptism (El-Maghtas) site is located to the north of the Dead Sea on the eastern bank of the Jordan River. Previous archeological excavations in the surrounding area have uncovered artifacts that include the location that was home to “John the Baptist”, who lived and preached in the early 1st Century AD and is known for baptizing Jesus. Archeological excavations have revealed walls, antiquities, and ancient water systems that include conduits, pools, and ancient pottery pipes. A ground-penetrating radar (GPR) survey was carried out at select locations along parallel profiles using a subsurface interface radar system (Geophysical Survey Systems Inc. SIRvoyer-20) with 400 MHz or 900 MHz mono-static shielded antennas in order to locate archeological materials at shallow depths. The GPR profiles revealed multiple subsurface anomalies across the study area. At the John the Baptist Church site a buried wall was detected along the profiles, and at the pool site the survey delineated several buried channels. GPR data also confirmed the extension of an ancient pottery pipe at the Elijah's Hill site through the production of a clear diffraction hyperbola anomaly related to the ancient pottery pipe that could be discriminated from the 2D profiles. The GPR data were displaced using 3D imaging to define the horizontal and vertical extent of the pipe.

scholarly journals Deciphering a Timeline of Demise at Medieval Angkor, Cambodia Using Remote Sensing

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2094
Author(s):  
Sarah Klassen ◽  
Tiago Attorre ◽  
David Brotherson ◽  
Rachna Chhay ◽  
Wayne Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Perceived Need ◽  
The North ◽  
Monsoon Variability ◽  
Political Unrest ◽  
North Bank ◽  
Hydraulic Network ◽  
Angkor Thom ◽  
Ground Penetrating

The Greater Angkor Region was the center of the Khmer Empire from the 9th until the 13th to the 14th centuries CE, when it entered a period of decline. Many studies have suggested that the decline of Angkor was precipitated by several factors, including severe monsoons, geopolitical shifts, and invasions. In this paper, we use light detection and ranging and ground penetrating radar to investigate the possible intersection of two of these existential threats in one feature: the North Bank Wall. Our results indicate that this feature was designed with dual functionality of extending the urban area’s defenses to the east of Angkor Thom while maintaining the existing infrastructure for the distribution and disposal of water. These findings suggest that the North Bank Wall was built before the severe droughts in the mid-13th century. The timing of the construction indicates that the perceived need for additional security—whether from internal factional disputes or external adversaries—predated the final adaptations to the hydraulic network during the unprecedented monsoon variability of the 14th century. These results indicate that perceived political unrest may have played a more important role in the decline of the site than previously known.

scholarly journals Groundwater Surface (GWS) Mapping by Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) For Use in Protecting Freshwater Habitats, Water Quality, and Active Dune Landscapes, In the Florence Coastal Dune Sheet, Oregon, USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curt D. Peterson ◽  
Sarah R. Doliber
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Fish Passage ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Coastal Dune ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
The North ◽  
Freshwater Habitats ◽  
Resort Development ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Track Line

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) profiling was performed in the Florence (FLOR) coastal dune sheet to test relations between remotely-sensed groundwater surface (GWS) trends, measured groundwater phreatic surfaces, and overlying freshwater features/habitats. Following preliminary GPR testing, the GWS trend mapping was employed in the north FLOR dune aquifer (17 km in length and 5 km in width), in anticipation of increasing development pressures on aquifer groundwater withdrawal by the City of Florence, Oregon. Several available technologies, including continuously-towed GPR profiling (5-8 km/hr), real-time GPS positioning (±2 m horizontal), Lidar elevation control (±0.5 m NAVD88), and GIS mapping/surface trend analyses permitted upscaling to the large management area (40 km2) in the north FlOR dune aquifer. Totals of 95 km of GPR track-line, including 943 averaged shot points at 100 m track-line intervals (total ~100,000 shot points), were collected during a three-week field effort. The remotely sensed GWS, ranging from 1 to 14 m depth subsurface and 0 to 57 m elevation NAVD88, was ground-truthed in ponds, gaining-stream reaches, and monitored water wells. An area wide groundwater surface map confirmed a modeled dune-ramp aquifer, sloping (0.5-2.0 % gradients) to the Pacific Ocean shoreline and the dividing Siuslaw River valley. The continuous GPR profiles connected large dune barrage lakes, interdune valley window lakes, anadromous fish passage streams, and sensitive bog habitats to the locally-variable GWS (0.98 R2 correlation coefficient). These elevated freshwater features were shown not to be developed on perched dune soil aquitards or lake bottom mud seals, but rather they are directly dependent on the mounded, variably sloping, and very-shallow GWS in the regional dune aquifer. Shallow GWS depths also promote colonization of active dune surfaces by non-native invasive dune grasses. The freshwater lakes and ponds were shown to be susceptible to contaminant transport by down-gradient GWS flows from surrounding residential and resort development.

scholarly journals Deciphering a timeline of demise at Medieval Angkor, Cambodia using remote sensing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
sarah klassen ◽  
Tiago Attorre ◽  
David Brotherson ◽  
Rachna Chhay ◽  
Wayne Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Perceived Need ◽  
The North ◽  
Monsoon Variability ◽  
Political Unrest ◽  
North Bank ◽  
Hydraulic Network ◽  
Angkor Thom ◽  
Ground Penetrating

The Greater Angkor Region was the center of the Khmer Empire from the 9th until the 13th to the 14th centuries CE, when it entered a period of decline. Many studies have suggested that the decline of Angkor was precipitated by several factors, including severe monsoons, geopolitical shifts, and invasions. In this paper, we use light detection and ranging and ground penetrating radar to investigate the possible intersection of two of these existential threats in one feature: the North Bank Wall. Our results indicate that this feature was designed with dual functionality of extending the urban area’s defenses to the east of Angkor Thom while maintaining the existing infrastructure for the distribution and disposal of water. These findings suggest that the North Bank Wall was built before the severe droughts in the mid-13th century. The timing of the construction indicates that the perceived need for additional security—whether from internal factional disputes or external adversaries—predated the final adaptations to the hydraulic network during the unprecedented monsoon variability of the 14th century. These results indicate that perceived political unrest may have played a more important role in the decline of the site than previously known.

Magnetometric and ground penetrating radar investigations in the Aegyssus archaeologic site

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sorin Anghel ◽  
Andrei Gabriel Dragos ◽  
Gabriel Iordache ◽  
Ioan Cornel Pop
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Magnetic Sensors ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Geophysical Investigation ◽  
The North ◽  
Ground Penetrating

<p>The Aegyssus archaeological site is located on the Monument Hill in the North-Eastern section of Tulcea, the fortress was built at the end of the 4<sup>th</sup> century B.C. Its name, of Celtic origin, derived from a legendary founder, Caspios Aegyssos. At the beginning of 2<sup>nd</sup> century, the town was included in the Danubian limes (boundary). Then, starting with the 3<sup>rd</sup> century, it became an important military headquarters. The 6<sup>th</sup> century finds it as an episcopal residence. Urban life knows an end in the first quarter of the 7<sup>th</sup> century and a revival in the 10<sup>th</sup> and 11<sup>th</sup> centuries.</p><p>The geophysical investigation has been performed by means of the integrated use of three different high resolution and non invasive geophysical techniques: magnetic mapping, ground penetrating radar profiling (GPR) and magnetic susceptibility measurements.</p><p>Magnetic and ground penetrating radar methods are widely used for archaeological prospecting as very effective methods able to detect buried structures at small depths. These methods were applied for the investigation of two perimeters within the site of the ancient city of Aegyssus, an ancient Roman fortress from North Dobrudja, Romania, which was built in the first century. The primary objective was to determine the extension in the underground of a partially excavated wall. The maximum magnetic anomalies revealed the possible location of the buried wall.</p><p>The magnetometric investigation has been carried out using a protonic magnetometer G-856 GEOMETRICS in gradiometric mode, with the two magnetic sensors set in a vertical direction separated by a distance of 1 m.</p><p>A total of 20 ground penetrating radar profiles were acquired with 250 MHz antenna aiming in identifying geological and archaeological anomalies in order to assist archaeologists in an excavation program.</p><p>The GPR results indicated clear geophysical anomalies characterized by hyperbolic reflections. These anomalies were confirmed by the excavation of test units, allowing the identification anthropogenic features such as a fire-hearth structure and wooden artifact, and natural features.</p><p>The results showed the efficiency of GPR and magnetometric methods in identifying potential buried archaeological targets, and they are oriented towards reducing costs and increasing the probability of finding archaeological targets.</p><p>Our geophysical results helped to define spatial pattern of the buried remains, to define the geometry of the anthropogenic settlements and to obtain detailed information about the composition and the manufacturing processes of different building materials.</p><p>This work was supported by Romanian Ministry of Research and Innovation through the Project “Fluvimar” (Program 1. Development of the National Research-Development System. Subprogram 1.2. Institutional Performance) and Core Programme PN 19 20 05 01. </p>

Ground penetrating radar-based deterioration assessment of RC bridge decks

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Alsharqawi ◽  
Tarek Zayed ◽  
Ahmad Shami
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Bridge Decks ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Weibull Function ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulation Technique ◽  
Fair Poor ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Purpose Although ground penetrating radar (GPR) technology is commonly used to assess the condition of reinforced-concrete (RC) bridge decks, the GPR data interpretation is not straightforward. Further, the thresholds that define the severity of deterioration are selected arbitrarily. This paper aims to solve a problem associated with GPR results generated by using a numerical amplitude method to assess corrosiveness of bridge decks. Design/methodology/approach Data, for more than 50 different bridge decks, were collected using a ground-coupled antenna. Depth-correction was performed for the collected data to normalize the reflected amplitude. Using k-means clustering technique, the amplitude values of each bridge deck were classified into four categories. Later, statistical analysis was performed where the threshold values of different categories of corrosion and deterioration are chosen. Monte-Carlo simulation technique was used to validate the value of these thresholds. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis was performed to realize the effect of changing the thresholds in the areas of corrosion. Findings The final result of this research is a four-category (good, fair, poor and critical) GPR scale with three fixed numerical thresholds (−7.71 dB, −10.04 dB and −14.63 dB) that define these categories. Besides, deterioration curves have been modeled using Weibull function and based on GPR outputs and corrosion areas. Originality/value The developed numerical GPR-based scale and deterioration models are expected to help the decision-makers in assessing the corrosiveness of bridge decks accurately and objectively. Hence, they will be able to take the right intervention decision for managing these decks.

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