scholarly journals Gut Microbiota and Host Thermoregulation in Response to Ambient Temperature Fluctuations

mSystems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeid Khakisahneh ◽  
Xue-Ying Zhang ◽  
Zahra Nouri ◽  
De-Hua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Temperature Fluctuations ◽  
Temperature Acclimation ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Mongolian Gerbils ◽  
Metabolic Plasticity

ABSTRACT Ambient temperature (Ta) is an important factor in shaping phenotypic plasticity. Plasticity is generally beneficial for animals in adapting to their environments. Gut microbiota are crucial in regulating host physiological and behavioral processes. However, whether the gut microbiota play a role in regulating host phenotypic plasticity under the conditions of repeated fluctuations in environmental factors has rarely been examined. We used intermittent Ta acclimations to test the hypothesis that the plasticity of gut microbiota confers on the host a metabolic adaptation to Ta fluctuations. Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) were acclimated to intermittent 5°C to 23°C, 37°C to 23°C or 23°C to 23°C conditions for 3 cycles (totally 3 months). Intermittent Ta acclimations induced variations in resting metabolic rate (RMR), serum thyroid hormones, and core body temperature (Tb). We further identified that the β-diversity of the microbial community varied with Ta and showed diverse responses during the 3 cycles. Some specific bacteria were more sensitive to Ta and were associated with host dynamic metabolic plasticity during Ta acclimations. In addition, depletion of gut microbiota in antibiotic-treated gerbils impaired metabolic plasticity, particularly at low Ta, whereas supplementation with propionate as an energy resource improved the inhibited thermogenic capacity and increased the survival rate in the cold. These findings demonstrate that both gut microbiota and their host were more adaptive after repeated acclimations, and dynamic gut microbiota and their metabolites may confer host plasticity in thermoregulation in response to Ta fluctuations. It also implies that low Ta is a crucial cue in driving symbiosis between mammals and their gut microbiota during evolution. IMPORTANCE Whether gut microbiota play a role in regulating host phenotypic plasticity in small mammals living in seasonal environments has rarely been examined. The present study, through an intermittent temperature acclimation model, indicates that both gut microbiota and their host were more adaptive after repeated acclimations. It also demonstrates that dynamic gut microbiota confer host plasticity in thermoregulation in response to intermittent temperature fluctuations. Furthermore, low temperature seems to be a crucial cue in driving the symbiosis between mammals and their gut microbiota during evolution.

scholarly journals A novel mouse model of heatstroke accounting for ambient temperature and relative humidity

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuyuki Miyamoto ◽  
Keisuke Suzuki ◽  
Hirokazu Ohtaki ◽  
Motoyasu Nakamura ◽  
Hiroki Yamaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Core Body ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Treatment Water

Abstract Background Heatstroke is associated with exposure to high ambient temperature (AT) and relative humidity (RH), and an increased risk of organ damage or death. Previously proposed animal models of heatstroke disregard the impact of RH. Therefore, we aimed to establish and validate an animal model of heatstroke considering RH. To validate our model, we also examined the effect of hydration and investigated gene expression of cotransporter proteins in the intestinal membranes after heat exposure. Methods Mildly dehydrated adult male C57/BL6J mice were subjected to three AT conditions (37 °C, 41 °C, or 43 °C) at RH > 99% and monitored with WetBulb globe temperature (WBGT) for 1 h. The survival rate, body weight, core body temperature, blood parameters, and histologically confirmed tissue damage were evaluated to establish a mouse heatstroke model. Then, the mice received no treatment, water, or oral rehydration solution (ORS) before and after heat exposure; subsequent organ damage was compared using our model. Thereafter, we investigated cotransporter protein gene expressions in the intestinal membranes of mice that received no treatment, water, or ORS. Results The survival rates of mice exposed to ATs of 37 °C, 41 °C, and 43 °C were 100%, 83.3%, and 0%, respectively. From this result, we excluded AT43. Mice in the AT 41 °C group appeared to be more dehydrated than those in the AT 37 °C group. WBGT in the AT 41 °C group was > 44 °C; core body temperature in this group reached 41.3 ± 0.08 °C during heat exposure and decreased to 34.0 ± 0.18 °C, returning to baseline after 8 h which showed a biphasic thermal dysregulation response. The AT 41 °C group presented with greater hepatic, renal, and musculoskeletal damage than did the other groups. The impact of ORS on recovery was greater than that of water or no treatment. The administration of ORS with heat exposure increased cotransporter gene expression in the intestines and reduced heatstroke-related damage. Conclusions We developed a novel mouse heatstroke model that considered AT and RH. We found that ORS administration improved inadequate circulation and reduced tissue injury by increasing cotransporter gene expression in the intestines.

scholarly journals Metabolic adaptation in the human gut microbiota during pregnancy and the first year of life

EBioMedicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 497-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
María José Gosalbes ◽  
Joan Compte ◽  
Silvia Moriano-Gutierrez ◽  
Yvonne Vallès ◽  
Nuria Jiménez-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota ◽  
First Year Of Life

scholarly journals Ambient temperature and genotype differentially affect developmental and phenotypic plasticity in Arabidopsis thaliana

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Ibañez ◽  
Yvonne Poeschl ◽  
Tom Peterson ◽  
Julia Bellstädt ◽  
Kathrin Denk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Ambient Temperature

scholarly journals Regulatory effects of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis on maternal metabolic adaptation, placental efficiency, and fetal growth in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (6) ◽  
pp. E1224-E1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Qiao ◽  
Samuel Lee ◽  
Amanda Nguyen ◽  
William W. Hay ◽  
Jianhua Shao
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Glucose Transporter 1 ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Placental Efficiency ◽  
Core Body

To determine the role of UCP1-mediated thermogenesis in controlling maternal metabolic adaptation to pregnancy, energy metabolism of C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) and Ucp1 gene knockout ( Ucp1−/−) mice was studied during pregnancy. With the progression of pregnancy, maternal energy expenditure rates (EERs), expression of UCP1, and core body temperature steadily declined in WT dams. Despite no significant alterations in core body temperature and weight gain during pregnancy, Ucp1−/− dams exhibited lower rates in EER decline. High-fat (HF) feeding not only robustly increased maternal UCP1 expression and core body temperature but also abolished gestation-suppressed EER in WT dams. However, HF-increased EERs were significantly attenuated in Ucp1−/− dams. Significantly increased fetal body weights and fetal/placental weight ratio were detected in fetuses from Ucp1−/− dams compared with fetuses from WT dams. Markedly increased expression levels of glucose transporter 1 and amino acid transporters were also observed in placentas from Ucp1−/− dams. Furthermore, blood glucose concentrations of fetuses from Ucp1−/− dams were significantly higher than those of fetuses from WT dams, indicating that maternal UCP1 has an inhibitory effect on placental efficiency and fetal growth. Taken all together, this study demonstrated that maternal brown adipose tissue plays an important role in controlling maternal metabolic adaptation and placental nutrient transport.

Ambient temperature structures the gut microbiota of zebrafish to impact the response to radioactive pollution

2021 ◽  
pp. 118539
Author(s):  
Bin Wang ◽  
Shu-qin Zhang ◽  
Jia-li Dong ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Yu-xiao Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Radioactive Pollution
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document