scholarly journals Direct Role for the Rpd3 Complex in Transcriptional Induction of the Anaerobic DAN/TIR Genes in Yeast

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 2037-2047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odeniel Sertil ◽  
Arvind Vemula ◽  
Sharon L. Salmon ◽  
Randall H. Morse ◽  
Charles V. Lowry
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complex ◽  
Normal Expression ◽  
Repressor Complex ◽  
Transcriptional Induction

ABSTRACT Saccharomyces cerevisiae adapts to hypoxia by expressing a large group of “anaerobic” genes. Among these, the eight DAN/TIR genes are regulated by the repressors Rox1 and Mot3 and the activator Upc2/Mox4. In attempting to identify factors recruited by the DNA binding repressor Mot3 to enhance repression of the DAN/TIR genes, we found that the histone deacetylase and global repressor complex, Rpd3-Sin3-Sap30, was not required for repression. Strikingly, the complex was instead required for activation. In addition, the histone H3 and H4 amino termini, which are targets of Rpd3, were also required for DAN1 expression. Epistasis tests demonstrated that the Rpd3 complex is not required in the absence of the repressor Mot3. Furthermore, the Rpd3 complex was required for normal function and stable binding of the activator Upc2 at the DAN1 promoter. Moreover, the Swi/Snf chromatin remodeling complex was strongly required for activation of DAN1, and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis showed an Rpd3-dependent reduction in DAN1 promoter-associated nucleosomes upon induction. Taken together, these data provide evidence that during anaerobiosis, the Rpd3 complex acts at the DAN1 promoter to antagonize the chromatin-mediated repression caused by Mot3 and Rox1 and that chromatin remodeling by Swi/Snf is necessary for normal expression.

scholarly journals The Swi/Snf Chromatin Remodeling Complex Is Required for Ribosomal DNA and Telomeric Silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 8227-8235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vardit Dror ◽  
Fred Winston
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Rdna Locus ◽  
Detectable Effect ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complex ◽  
Two Factors

ABSTRACT The Swi/Snf chromatin remodeling complex has been previously demonstrated to be required for transcriptional activation and repression of a subset of genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this work we demonstrate that Swi/Snf is also required for repression of RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription in the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) locus (rDNA silencing). This repression appears to be independent of both Sir2 and Set1, two factors known to be required for rDNA silencing. In contrast to many other rDNA silencing mutants that have elevated levels of rDNA recombination, snf2Δ mutants have a significantly decreased level of rDNA recombination. Additional studies have demonstrated that Swi/Snf is also required for silencing of genes near telomeres while having no detectable effect on silencing of HML or HMR.

scholarly journals Tri-methylation of Histone H3 Lysine 4 Facilitates Gene Expression in Ageing Cells

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Cruz ◽  
Monica Della Rosa ◽  
Christel Krueger ◽  
Qian Gao ◽  
Lucy Field ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Budding Yeast ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Replicative Lifespan ◽  
Protein Coding Genes ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Normal Expression ◽  
Transcriptional Induction

AbstractTranscription of protein coding genes is accompanied by recruitment of COMPASS to promoter-proximal chromatin, which deposits di- and tri-methylation on histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) to form H3K4me2 and H3K4me3. Here we determine the importance of COMPASS in maintaining gene expression across lifespan in budding yeast. We find that COMPASS mutations dramatically reduce replicative lifespan and cause widespread gene expression defects. Known repressive functions of H3K4me2 are progressively lost with age, while hundreds of genes become dependent on H3K4me3 for full expression. Induction of these H3K4me3 dependent genes is also impacted in young cells lacking COMPASS components including the H3K4me3-specific factor Spp1. Remarkably, the genome-wide occurrence of H3K4me3 is progressively reduced with age despite widespread transcriptional induction, minimising the normal positive correlation between promoter H3K4me3 and gene expression. Our results provide clear evidence that H3K4me3 is required to attain normal expression levels of many genes across organismal lifespan.

scholarly journals Efg1-mediated Recruitment of NuA4 to Promoters Is Required for Hypha-specific Swi/Snf Binding and Activation inCandida albicans

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 4260-4272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Lu ◽  
Chang Su ◽  
Xuming Mao ◽  
Prashna Pala Raniga ◽  
Haoping Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Hyphal Development ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complex ◽  
A Subunit ◽  
Human Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Incandida Albicans

Efg1 is essential for hyphal development and virulence in the human pathogenic fungus Candida albicans. How Efg1 regulates gene expression is unknown. Here, we show that Efg1 interacts with components of the nucleosome acetyltransferase of H4 (NuA4) histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complex in both yeast and hyphal cells. Deleting YNG2, a subunit of the NuA4 HAT module, results in a significant decrease in the acetylation level of nucleosomal H4 and a profound defect in hyphal development, as well as a defect in the expression of hypha-specific genes. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation, Efg1 and the NuA4 complex are found at the UAS regions of hypha-specific genes in both yeast and hyphal cells, and Efg1 is required for the recruitment of NuA4. Nucleosomal H4 acetylation at the promoters peaks during initial hyphal induction in an Efg1-dependent manner. We also find that Efg1 bound to the promoters of hypha-specific genes is critical for recruitment of the Swi/Snf chromatin remodeling complex during hyphal induction. Our data show that the recruitment of the NuA4 complex by Efg1 to the promoters of hypha-specific genes is required for nucleosomal H4 acetylation at the promoters during hyphal induction and for subsequent binding of Swi/Snf and transcriptional activation.

A study of biochemical and functional interactions of Htl1p, a putative component of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rsc chromatin-remodeling complex

Gene ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 395 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 72-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Florio ◽  
Mario Moscariello ◽  
Sara Ederle ◽  
Rossella Fasano ◽  
Chiara Lanzuolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Functional Interactions ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complex

scholarly journals Components of the SAGA Histone Acetyltransferase Complex Are Required for Repressed Transcription of ARG1 in Rich Medium

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 4033-4042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea R. Ricci ◽  
Julie Genereaux ◽  
Christopher J. Brandl
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Histone Acetyltransferase ◽  
Tata Binding Protein ◽  
Rich Medium ◽  
Specific Component ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complex ◽  
Regulatory Complex ◽  
Promoter Deletions

ABSTRACT Transcriptional regulation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ARG1 gene is controlled by positive and negative elements. The transactivator Gcn4p is required for activation in minimal medium, while arginine repression requires the ArgR/Mcm1 regulatory complex, which binds to two upstream arginine control elements. We have found that the coordinated regulation of ARG1 requires components of the SAGA chromatin-remodeling complex. Using gcn5 deletion strains and a Gcn5 protein carrying the E173Q mutation in the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) region, we show that the HAT activity of Gcn5p is required for repression of ARG1 in rich medium. Similar increases in expression were seen upon deletion of other SAGA components but not upon deletion of the ADA-specific component, Ahc1p. Chromatin immunoprecipitations using antibodies to acetylated H3 confirmed that a decrease in the level of acetylated histones at the ARG1 promoter correlated with increased ARG1 expression. Up-regulation of ARG1 in the absence of Gcn5p also correlated with increased binding of TATA-binding protein to the promoter. The analysis of promoter deletions showed that Gcn5/Ada repression of ARG1 was mediated through the action of the ArgR/Mcm1 regulatory complex. In addition, studies with minimal medium demonstrated a requirement for the Ada proteins in activation of ARG1. This suggests that SAGA has a dual role at ARG1, acting to repress transcription in rich medium and activate transcription in minimal medium.

scholarly journals Sfh1p, a component of a novel chromatin-remodeling complex, is required for cell cycle progression.

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 3323-3334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Cao ◽  
B R Cairns ◽  
R D Kornberg ◽  
B C Laurent
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Conserved Domain ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complex ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
M Phase

Several eukaryotic multiprotein complexes, including the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Snf/Swi complex, remodel chromatin for transcription. In contrast to the Snf/Swi proteins, Sfh1p, a new Snf5p paralog, is essential for viability. The evolutionarily conserved domain of Sfh1p is sufficient for normal function, and Sfh1p interacts functionally and physically with an essential Snf2p paralog in a novel nucleosome-restructuring complex called RSC (for remodels the structure of chromatin). A temperature-sensitive sfh1 allele arrests cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, and the Sfh1 protein is specifically phosphorylated in the G1 phase. Together, these results demonstrate a link between chromatin remodeling and progression through the cell division cycle, providing genetic clues to possible targets for RSC function.

scholarly journals Promoter Occupancy Is a Major Determinant of Chromatin Remodeling Enzyme Requirements

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 2698-2707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Dhasarathy ◽  
Michael P. Kladde
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Histone Acetylation ◽  
Binding Site ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ◽  
Site Occupancy ◽  
Major Determinant ◽  
Activator Concentration ◽  
Promoter Occupancy

ABSTRACT Chromatin creates transcriptional barriers that are overcome by coactivator activities such as histone acetylation by Gcn5 and ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling by SWI/SNF. Factors defining the differential coactivator requirements in the transactivation of various promoters remain elusive. Induction of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae PHO5 promoter does not require Gcn5 or SWI/SNF under fully inducing conditions of no phosphate. We show that PHO5 activation is highly dependent on both coactivators at intermediate phosphate concentrations, conditions that reduce the nuclear concentration of the Pho4 transactivator and severely diminish its association with PHO5 in the absence of Gcn5 or SWI/SNF. Conversely, physiological increases in Pho4 nuclear concentration and binding at PHO5 suppress the need for both Gcn5 and SWI/SNF, suggesting that coactivator redundancy is established at high Pho4 binding site occupancy. Consistent with this, we demonstrate, using chromatin immunoprecipitation, that Gcn5 and SWI/SNF are directly recruited to PHO5 and other strongly transcribed promoters, including GAL1-10, RPL19B, RPS22B, PYK1, and EFT2, which do not require either coactivator for expression. These results show that activator concentration and binding site occupancy play crucial roles in defining the extent to which transcription requires individual chromatin remodeling enzymes. In addition, Gcn5 and SWI/SNF associate with many more genomic targets than previously appreciated.

scholarly journals Acetylation of Rsc4p by Gcn5p Is Essential in the Absence of Histone H3 Acetylation

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (23) ◽  
pp. 6967-6972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer K. Choi ◽  
Daniel E. Grimes ◽  
Keegan M. Rowe ◽  
LeAnn J. Howe
Keyword(s):  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
Growth Defect ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complex ◽  
Histone H3 Acetylation ◽  
Phenotype Comparison ◽  
A Subunit ◽  
Redundant Functions ◽  
H3 Acetylation ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Rsc4p, a subunit of the RSC chromatin-remodeling complex, is acetylated at lysine 25 by Gcn5p, a well-characterized histone acetyltransferase (HAT). Mutation of lysine 25 does not result in a significant growth defect, and therefore whether this modification is important for the function of the essential RSC complex was unknown. In a search to uncover the molecular basis for the lethality resulting from loss of multiple histone H3-specific HATs, we determined that loss of Rsc4p acetylation is lethal in strains lacking histone H3 acetylation. Phenotype comparison of mutants with arginine and glutamine substitutions of acetylatable lysines within the histone H3 tail suggests that it is a failure to neutralize the charge of the H3 tail that is lethal in strains lacking Rsc4p acetylation. We also demonstrate that Rsc4p acetylation does not require any of the known Gcn5p-dependent HAT complexes and thus represents a truly novel function for Gcn5p. These results demonstrate for the first time the vital and yet redundant functions of histone H3 and Rsc4p acetylation in maintaining cell viability.

scholarly journals Analysis of a Mutant Histone H3 That Perturbs the Association of Swi/Snf with Chromatin

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 561-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea A. Duina ◽  
Fred Winston
Keyword(s):  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Globular Domain ◽  
Genome Expression ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complex ◽  
Single Amino Acid Change ◽  
Whole Genome Expression

ABSTRACT We have isolated new histone H3 mutants in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that confer phenotypes indicative of transcriptional defects. Here we describe the characterization of one such mutant, encoded by the hht2-11 allele, which contains the single amino acid change L61W in the globular domain of H3. Whole-genome expression analyses show that the hht2-11 mutation confers pleiotropic transcriptional defects and that many of the genes it affects are normally controlled by the Swi/Snf chromatin remodeling complex. Furthermore, we show that Swi/Snf occupancy at two promoters, PHO84 and SER3, is reduced in hht2-11 mutants. Detailed studies of the PHO84 promoter suggest that the hht2-11 mutation impairs Swi/Snf association with chromatin in a direct fashion. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that the integrity of the globular domain of histone H3 is an important determinant in the ability of Swi/Snf to associate with chromatin.

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