scholarly journals Determination of a Viral Load Threshold To Distinguish Symptomatic versus Asymptomatic Rotavirus Infection in a High-Disease-Burden African Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 1951-1954 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bennett ◽  
N. Bar-Zeev ◽  
K. C. Jere ◽  
J. E. Tate ◽  
U. D. Parashar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccine ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Rotavirus Gastroenteritis ◽  
Asymptomatic Children ◽  
High Disease Burden

We evaluated quantitative real-time PCR to establish the diagnosis of rotavirus gastroenteritis in a high-disease-burden population in Malawi using enzyme immunoassay as the gold standard diagnostic test. In 146 children with acute gastroenteritis and 65 asymptomatic children, we defined a cutoff point in the threshold cycle value (26.7) that predicts rotavirus-attributable gastroenteritis in this population. These data will inform the evaluation of direct and indirect rotavirus vaccine effects in Africa.

Impact of rotavirus vaccine on admissions due to acute gastroenteritis and rotavirus gastroenteritis in Israel

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Klivitsky ◽  
Salam Algabria ◽  
Gideon Paret ◽  
Nadav Michaan ◽  
Lior Goldberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccine ◽  
Rotavirus Gastroenteritis

scholarly journals Determination of Viral Load by Quantitative Real-Time PCR in Herpes Simplex Encephalitis Patients

Intervirology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shradha S. Bhullar ◽  
Nitin H. Chandak ◽  
Hemant J. Purohit ◽  
Girdhar M. Taori ◽  
Hatim F. Daginawala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Herpes Simplex Encephalitis ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr

scholarly journals Comparison of an In-House Quantitative Real-Time PCR and COBAS AmpliPrep/TaqMan Roche for Determination of Viral Load for HIV Type 1 Non-B

OALib ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick Ntambwe Kamangu ◽  
Adawaye Chatte ◽  
Raphael Boreux ◽  
Fabrice Susin ◽  
Richard Lunganza Kalala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Hiv Type 1

scholarly journals Implementation of an In-House Quantitative Real-Time PCR for Determination of HIV Viral Load in Kinshasa

OALib ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 01 (07) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick Ntambwe Kamangu ◽  
Adawaye Chatte ◽  
Raphael Boreux ◽  
Richard Lunganza Kalala ◽  
Georges Lelo Mvumbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Hiv Viral Load

scholarly journals Rotavirus infection in Northern Territory before and after vaccination

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Snelling ◽  
Peter Markey ◽  
Jonathan Carapetis ◽  
Ross Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Vaccine Effectiveness ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Rotavirus Gastroenteritis ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccines ◽  
Indigenous Children ◽  
Resource Poor ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Disease Burden

Globally, rotavirus vaccines have been found to have reduced effectiveness in resource-poor and high disease burden settings. Prior to vaccination, the burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis was substantially higher among Indigenous children in the Northern Territory (NT) than among other Australian children, giving rise to concern about the likely impact of vaccination in this population. Post-licensure studies in the NT indicate that vaccination protects infants against hospitalisation in this setting, but vaccine effectiveness (VE) among older children and against heterotypic serotypes needs to be more clearly determined.

Detection and Clinical Implications of Monovalent Rotavirus Vaccine-Derived Virus Strains in Children with Gastroenteritis in Alberta, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Zhuo ◽  
Gillian Tarr ◽  
Jianling Xie ◽  
Stephen B. Freedman ◽  
Daniel C Payne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Locked Nucleic Acid ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccine ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Rotavirus Gastroenteritis ◽  
Virus Strains ◽  
Rotavirus Infections ◽  
Close Contacts

Background: While rotavirus vaccine programs effectively protect against severe rotavirus gastroenteritis, rotavirus vaccine strains have been identified in the stool of vaccinated children and their close contacts suffering from acute gastroenteritis. The prevalence of vaccine strains, the emergence of vaccine-derived strains and their role in acute gastroenteritis are not well studied. Methods: We developed a Locked Nucleic Acid Reverse Transcription real-time PCR assay (LNA-RTqPCR) to detect the monovalent rotavirus vaccine (RV1) Rotarix non-structural protein 2 in children with acute gastroenteritis and healthy controls and validated it using sequence confirmed RV1 strains. The association between RV1-derived strains and gastroenteritis was determined using logistic regression. Results: The new assay exhibited 100% (95%CI: 91.7%, 100%) diagnostic sensitivity and 99.4% (95%CI: 96.2%, 100%) diagnostic specificity, with a detection limit of 9.86 copies/reaction and qPCR efficiency of 99.7%. Using this assay, we identified the presence of RV1-derived NSP2 sequences in 7.7% of rotavirus gastroenteritis cases and 98.6% of rotavirus positive healthy children (94.4% had previously received the RV1). Among gastroenteritis cases, those whose stool contained RV1-derived strains had milder gastroenteritis symptoms compared to that of natural rotavirus infections. We observed no significant association between RV1-derived strains and gastroenteritis (OR 0.98; 95% CI 0.60, 1.72). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that the new assay is suitable for monitoring RV1-derived rotavirus strain circulation and that the RV1-derived strains are not associated with development of gastroenteritis symptoms.

scholarly journals Benign Convulsions with Mild Rotavirus and Norovirus Gastroenteritis: Nationwide Data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service in South Korea

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
Dong Hyun Kim ◽  
Dong Jun Ha ◽  
Yeong Seok Lee ◽  
Min Jun Chun ◽  
Young Se Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccine ◽  
Annual Increase ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccination ◽  
Rotavirus Gastroenteritis ◽  
Norovirus Gastroenteritis ◽  
Increasing Trend

There have been no large-scale studies on the epidemiology of benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (CwG) since the introduction of the rotavirus vaccine in South Korea in 2007. This study aimed to analyze the trends in rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) and rotavirus-associated CwG (RaCwG) after rotavirus vaccination. Further, we aimed to analyze changes in norovirus gastroenteritis (NVGE) and norovirus-associated CwG (NaCwG) using nationwide data from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. Between 2007 and 2019, this study analyzed children aged <6 years who were diagnosed with RVGE, NVGE, RaCwG and NaCwG. The changes in the prevalence of each disease and the ratio of CwG to enteritis were analyzed and the effects of age, sex and season were also analyzed. RVGE, RaCwG, NVGE and NaCwG were diagnosed in 273,898, 4246, 35,593 and 337 patients, respectively. The prevalence of RVGE was on a decreasing trend every year, but the prevalence of NaCwG and NVGE was on an increasing trend. There was a significant annual increase in the ratio of CwG to enteritis in both viruses. In order to control the prevalence of RaCwG, measures other than the rotavirus vaccine are required and measures to prevent norovirus are necessary.

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