scholarly journals Metal Resistance and Lithoautotrophy in the Extreme Thermoacidophile Metallosphaera sedula

2012 ◽  
Vol 194 (24) ◽  
pp. 6856-6863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Maezato ◽  
T. Johnson ◽  
S. McCarthy ◽  
K. Dana ◽  
P. Blum
Keyword(s):  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Metallosphaera Sedula

scholarly journals Inorganic Polyphosphate, Exopolyphosphatase, andPho84-Like Transporters May Be Involved in Copper Resistance inMetallosphaera sedulaDSM 5348T

Archaea ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matías Rivero ◽  
Constanza Torres-Paris ◽  
Rodrigo Muñoz ◽  
Ricardo Cabrera ◽  
Claudio A. Navarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Present Report ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Copper Resistance ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Linear Polymers ◽  
Inorganic Polyphosphate ◽  
Metallosphaera Sedula

Polyphosphates (PolyP) are linear polymers of orthophosphate residues that have been proposed to participate in metal resistance in bacteria and archaea. In addition of having a CopA/CopB copper efflux system, the thermoacidophilic archaeonMetallosphaera sedulacontains electron-dense PolyP-like granules and a putative exopolyphosphatase (PPXMsed,Msed_0891) and four presumedpho84-like phosphate transporters (Msed_0846,Msed_0866,Msed_1094, andMsed_1512) encoded in its genome. In the present report, the existence of a possible PolyP-based copper-resistance mechanism inM. sedulaDSM 5348Twas evaluated.M. sedulaDSM 5348Taccumulated high levels of phosphorous in the form of granules, and its growth was affected in the presence of 16 mM copper. PolyP levels were highly reduced after the archaeon was subjected to an 8 mM CuSO4shift. PPXMsedwas purified, and the enzyme was found to hydrolyze PolyPin vitro. Essential residues for catalysis of PPXMsedwere E111 and E113 as shown by a site-directed mutagenesis of the implied residues. Furthermore,M. sedula ppx,pho84-like, andcopTMAgenes were upregulated upon copper exposure, as determined by qRT-PCR analysis. The results obtained support the existence of a PolyP-dependent copper-resistance system that may be of great importance in the adaptation of this thermoacidophilic archaeon to its harsh environment.

scholarly journals Transcriptomes of the Extremely Thermoacidophilic Archaeon Metallosphaera sedula Exposed to Metal “Shock” Reveal Generic and Specific Metal Responses

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (15) ◽  
pp. 4613-4627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrett H. Wheaton ◽  
Arpan Mukherjee ◽  
Robert M. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Sulfur Metabolism ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Copper Resistance ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Cluster Assembly ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Metallosphaera Sedula

ABSTRACTThe extremely thermoacidophilic archaeonMetallosphaera sedulamobilizes metals by novel membrane-associated oxidase clusters and, consequently, requires metal resistance strategies. This issue was examined by “shocking”M. sedulawith representative metals (Co2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, UO22+, Zn2+) at inhibitory and subinhibitory levels. Collectively, one-quarter of the genome (554 open reading frames [ORFs]) responded to inhibitory levels, and two-thirds (354) of the ORFs were responsive to a single metal. Cu2+(259 ORFs, 106 Cu2+-specific ORFs) and Zn2+(262 ORFs, 131 Zn2+-specific ORFs) triggered the largest responses, followed by UO22+(187 ORFs, 91 UO22+-specific ORFs), Ni2+(93 ORFs, 25 Ni2+-specific ORFs), and Co2+(61 ORFs, 1 Co2+-specific ORF). While one-third of the metal-responsive ORFs are annotated as encoding hypothetical proteins, metal challenge also impacted ORFs responsible for identifiable processes related to the cell cycle, DNA repair, and oxidative stress. Surprisingly, there were only 30 ORFs that responded to at least four metals, and 10 of these responded to all five metals. This core transcriptome indicated induction of Fe-S cluster assembly (Msed_1656-Msed_1657), tungsten/molybdenum transport (Msed_1780-Msed_1781), and decreased central metabolism. Not surprisingly, a metal-translocating P-type ATPase (Msed_0490) associated with a copper resistance system (Cop) was upregulated in response to Cu2+(6-fold) but also in response to UO22+(4-fold) and Zn2+(9-fold). Cu2+challenge uniquely induced assimilatory sulfur metabolism for cysteine biosynthesis, suggesting a role for this amino acid in Cu2+resistance or issues in sulfur metabolism. The results indicate thatM. sedulaemploys a range of physiological and biochemical responses to metal challenge, many of which are specific to a single metal and involve proteins with yet unassigned or definitive functions.IMPORTANCEThe mechanisms by which extremely thermoacidophilic archaea resist and are negatively impacted by metals encountered in their natural environments are important to understand so that technologies such as bioleaching, which leverage microbially based conversion of insoluble metal sulfides to soluble species, can be improved. Transcriptomic analysis of the cellular response to metal challenge provided both global and specific insights into how these novel microorganisms negotiate metal toxicity in natural and technological settings. As genetics tools are further developed and implemented for extreme thermoacidophiles, information about metal toxicity and resistance can be leveraged to create metabolically engineered strains with improved bioleaching characteristics.

scholarly journals Comparative Genomic Analysis of 450 Strains of Salmonella enterica Isolated from Diseased Animals

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1025
Author(s):  
Shaohua Zhao ◽  
Cong Li ◽  
Chih-Hao Hsu ◽  
Gregory H. Tyson ◽  
Errol Strain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Salmonella Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands ◽  
Shed Light

Salmonella is a leading cause of bacterial infections in animals and humans. We sequenced a collection of 450 Salmonella strains from diseased animals to better understand the genetic makeup of their virulence and resistance features. The presence of Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPIs) varied by serotype. S. Enteritidis carried the most SPIs (n = 15), while S. Mbandaka, S. Cerro, S. Meleagridis, and S. Havana carried the least (n = 10). S. Typhimurium, S. Choleraesuis, S. I 4,5,12:i:-, and S. Enteritidis each contained the spv operon on IncFII or IncFII-IncFIB hybrid plasmids. Two S. IIIa carried a spv operon with spvD deletion on the chromosome. Twelve plasmid types including 24 hybrid plasmids were identified. IncA/C was frequently associated with S. Newport (83%) and S. Agona (100%) from bovine, whereas IncFII (100%), IncFIB (100%), and IncQ1 (94%) were seen in S. Choleraesuis from swine. IncX (100%) was detected in all S. Kentucky from chicken. A total of 60 antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), four disinfectant resistances genes (DRGs) and 33 heavy metal resistance genes (HMRGs) were identified. The Salmonella strains from sick animals contained various SPIs, resistance genes and plasmid types based on the serotype and source of the isolates. Such complicated genomic structures shed light on the strain characteristics contributing to the severity of disease and treatment failures in Salmonella infections, including those causing illnesses in animals.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Tolerance Trend in Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Encoding Strains Recovered from Food Samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4718
Author(s):  
Kashaf Junaid ◽  
Hasan Ejaz ◽  
Iram Asim ◽  
Sonia Younas ◽  
Humaira Yasmeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Esbl Production ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Retail Food ◽  
Esbl Producers

This study evaluates bacteriological profiles in ready-to-eat (RTE) foods and assesses antibiotic resistance, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production by gram-negative bacteria, and heavy metal tolerance. In total, 436 retail food samples were collected and cultured. The isolates were screened for ESBL production and molecular detection of ESBL-encoding genes. Furthermore, all isolates were evaluated for heavy metal tolerance. From 352 culture-positive samples, 406 g-negative bacteria were identified. Raw food samples were more often contaminated than refined food (84.71% vs. 76.32%). The predominant isolates were Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 76), Enterobacter cloacae (n = 58), and Escherichia coli (n = 56). Overall, the percentage of ESBL producers was higher in raw food samples, although higher occurrences of ESBL-producing E. coli (p = 0.01) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (p = 0.02) were observed in processed food samples. However, the prevalence of ESBL-producing Citrobacter freundii in raw food samples was high (p = 0.03). Among the isolates, 55% were blaCTX-M, 26% were blaSHV, and 19% were blaTEM. Notably, heavy metal resistance was highly prevalent in ESBL producers. These findings demonstrate that retail food samples are exposed to contaminants including antibiotics and heavy metals, endangering consumers.

scholarly journals Analysis of 56,348 Genomes Identifies the Relationship between Antibiotic and Metal Resistance and the Spread of Multidrug-Resistant Non-Typhoidal Salmonella

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1468
Author(s):  
Gavin J. Fenske ◽  
Joy Scaria
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Occurrence Matrix ◽  
Genome Assemblies ◽  
Group 1

Salmonella enterica is common foodborne pathogen that generates both enteric and systemic infections in hosts. Antibiotic resistance is common is certain serovars of the pathogen and of great concern to public health. Recent reports have documented the co-occurrence of metal resistance with antibiotic resistance in one serovar of S. enterica. Therefore, we sought to identify possible co-occurrence in a large genomic dataset. Genome assemblies of 56,348 strains of S. enterica comprising 20 major serovars were downloaded from NCBI. The downloaded assemblies were quality controlled and in silico serotyped to ensure consistency and avoid improper annotation from public databases. Metal and antibiotic resistance genes were identified in the genomes as well as plasmid replicons. Co-occurrent genes were identified by constructing a co-occurrence matrix and grouping said matrix using k-means clustering. Three groups of co-occurrent genes were identified using k-means clustering. Group 1 was comprised of the pco and sil operons that confer resistance to copper and silver, respectively. Group 1 was distributed across four serovars. Group 2 contained the majority of the genes and little to no co-occurrence was observed. Metal and antibiotic co-occurrence was identified in group 3 that contained genes conferring resistance to: arsenic, mercury, beta-lactams, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines. Group 3 genes were also associated with an IncQ1 class plasmid replicon. Metal and antibiotic co-occurrence from group 3 genes is mostly isolated to one clade of S. enterica I 4,[5],12:i:-.

scholarly journals Genome-Driven Discovery of Enzymes with Industrial Implications from the Genus Aneurinibacillus

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
Majid Rasool Kamli ◽  
Nada A. Y. Alzahrani ◽  
Nahid H. Hajrah ◽  
Jamal S. M. Sabir ◽  
Adeel Malik
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
The Family ◽  
Antiviral Activities ◽  
Genome Level ◽  
Genome Analyses ◽  
Unique Species

Bacteria belonging to the genus Aneurinibacillus within the family Paenibacillaceae are Gram-positive, endospore-forming, and rod-shaped bacteria inhabiting diverse environments. Currently, there are eight validly described species of Aneurinibacillus; however, several unclassified species have also been reported. Aneurinibacillus spp. have shown the potential for producing secondary metabolites (SMs) and demonstrated diverse types of enzyme activities. These features make them promising candidates with industrial implications. At present, genomes of 9 unique species from the genus Aneurinibacillus are available, which can be utilized to decipher invaluable information on their biosynthetic potential as well as enzyme activities. In this work, we performed the comparative genome analyses of nine Aneurinibacillus species representing the first such comprehensive study of this genus at the genome level. We focused on discovering the biosynthetic, biodegradation, and heavy metal resistance potential of this under-investigated genus. The results indicate that the genomes of Aneurinibacillus contain SM-producing regions with diverse bioactivities, including antimicrobial and antiviral activities. Several carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and genes involved in heavy metal resistance were also identified. Additionally, a broad range of enzyme classes were also identified in the Aneurinibacillus pan-genomes, making this group of bacteria potential candidates for future investigations with industrial applications.

scholarly journals Retromobilization of heavy metal resistance genes in unpolluted and heavy metal polluted soil

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva M. Top ◽  
Helene Rore ◽  
Jean-Marc Collard ◽  
Veerle Gellens ◽  
Galina Slobodkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Polluted Soil

scholarly journals Replication of Staphylococcal Multiresistance Plasmids

2000 ◽  
Vol 182 (8) ◽  
pp. 2170-2178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neville Firth ◽  
Sumalee Apisiridej ◽  
Tracey Berg ◽  
Brendon A. O'Rourke ◽  
Steve Curnock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Replication Initiation ◽  
Conjugative Plasmid ◽  
Rolling Circle ◽  
Segregational Stability ◽  
Structural And Functional Properties ◽  
Resistance Plasmids ◽  
Genes Encoding

ABSTRACT Based on structural and functional properties, three groups of large staphylococcal multiresistance plasmids have been recognized, viz., the pSK1 family, pSK41-like conjugative plasmids, and β-lactamase–heavy-metal resistance plasmids. Here we describe an analysis of the replication functions of a representative of each of these plasmid groups. The replication initiation genes from theStaphylococcus aureus plasmids pSK1, pSK41, and pI9789::Tn552 were found to be related to each other and to the Staphylococcus xylosus plasmid pSX267 and are also related to rep genes of several plasmids from other gram-positive genera. Nucleotide sequence similarity between pSK1 and pI9789::Tn552 extended beyond theirrep genes, encompassing upstream divergently transcribed genes, orf245 and orf256, respectively. Our analyses revealed that genes encoding proteins related to the deducedorf245 product are variously represented, in several types of organization, on plasmids possessing six seemingly evolutionarily distinct types of replication initiation genes and including both theta-mode and rolling-circle replicons. Construction of minireplicons and subsequent functional analysis demonstrated that orf245is required for the segregational stability of the pSK1 replicon. In contrast, no gene equivalent to orf245 is evident on the conjugative plasmid pSK41, and a minireplicon encoding only the pSK41 rep gene was found to exhibit a segregational stability approaching that of the parent plasmid. Significantly, the results described establish that many of the large multiresistance plasmids that have been identified in clinical staphylococci, which were formerly presumed to be unrelated, actually utilize an evolutionarily related theta-mode replication system.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of a Selenite- and Tellurite-Reducing Marine Bacterium, Lysinibacillus sp. Strain ZYM-1

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghe Zhao ◽  
Yuxuan Dong ◽  
Yiwen Zhang ◽  
Lin Che ◽  
Haixia Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Marine Bacterium ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Positive Strain ◽  
Tellurite Reduction

Lysinibacillus sp. ZYM-1, a Gram-positive strain isolated from marine sediments, reduces selenite and tellurite efficiently. Meanwhile, it also exhibits high resistance to Zn2+ and Mn2+. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of strain ZYM-1, which contains genes related to selenite and tellurite reduction and also metal resistance.

Insights into high CO-SCR performance of CuCoAlO catalysts derived from LDH/MOFs composites and study of H2O/SO2 and alkali metal resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 426 ◽  
pp. 131873
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Ling Zhao ◽  
Mengdi Kang ◽  
Ziang Chen ◽  
Shengjun Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Metal Resistance
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