scholarly journals Global Biogeography and Quantitative Seasonal Dynamics of Gemmatimonadetes in Soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (17) ◽  
pp. 6295-6300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. DeBruyn ◽  
Lauren T. Nixon ◽  
Mariam N. Fawaz ◽  
Amy M. Johnson ◽  
Mark Radosevich
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial

ABSTRACTBacteria belonging to phylumGemmatimonadetescomprise approximately 2% of soil bacterial communities. However, little is known of their ecology due to a lack of cultured representation. Here we present evidence from biogeographical analyses and seasonal quantification ofGemmatimonadetesin soils, which suggests an adaptation to low soil moisture.

scholarly journals Mineral Types and Tree Species Determine the Functional and Taxonomic Structures of Forest Soil Bacterial Communities

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Colin ◽  
O. Nicolitch ◽  
M.-P. Turpault ◽  
S. Uroz
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Mineral Weathering ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
Mineral Type

ABSTRACT Although minerals represent important soil constituents, their impact on the diversity and structure of soil microbial communities remains poorly documented. In this study, pure mineral particles with various chemistries (i.e., obsidian, apatite, and calcite) were considered. Each mineral type was conditioned in mesh bags and incubated in soil below different tree stands (beech, coppice with standards, and Corsican pine) for 2.5 years to determine the relative impacts of mineralogy and mineral weatherability on the taxonomic and functional diversities of mineral-associated bacterial communities. After this incubation period, the minerals and the surrounding bulk soil were collected to determine mass loss and to perform soil analyses, enzymatic assays, and cultivation-dependent and -independent analyses. Notably, our 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing analyses revealed that after the 2.5-year incubation period, the mineral-associated bacterial communities strongly differed from those of the surrounding bulk soil for all tree stands considered. When focusing only on minerals, our analyses showed that the bacterial communities associated with calcite, the less recalcitrant mineral type, significantly differed from those that colonized obsidian and apatite minerals. The cultivation-dependent analysis revealed significantly higher abundances of effective mineral-weathering bacteria on the most recalcitrant minerals (i.e., apatite and obsidian). Together, our data showed an enrichment of Betaproteobacteria and effective mineral-weathering bacteria related to the Burkholderia and Collimonas genera on the minerals, suggesting a key role for these taxa in mineral weathering and nutrient cycling in nutrient-poor forest ecosystems. IMPORTANCE Forests are usually developed on nutrient-poor and rocky soils, while nutrient-rich soils have been dedicated to agriculture. In this context, nutrient recycling and nutrient access are key processes in such environments. Deciphering how soil mineralogy influences the diversity, structure, and function of soil bacterial communities in relation to the soil conditions is crucial to better understanding the relative role of the soil bacterial communities in nutrient cycling and plant nutrition in nutrient-poor environments. The present study determined in detail the diversity and structure of bacterial communities associated with different mineral types incubated for 2.5 years in the soil under different tree species using cultivation-dependent and -independent analyses. Our data showed an enrichment of specific bacterial taxa on the minerals, specifically on the most weathered minerals, suggesting that they play key roles in mineral weathering and nutrient cycling in nutrient-poor forest ecosystems.

scholarly journals Responses of Bacterial Communities to Simulated Climate Changes in Alpine Meadow Soil of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (17) ◽  
pp. 6070-6077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junpeng Rui ◽  
Jiabao Li ◽  
Shiping Wang ◽  
Jiaxing An ◽  
Wen-tso Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

ABSTRACTThe soil microbial community plays an important role in terrestrial carbon and nitrogen cycling. However, microbial responses to climate warming or cooling remain poorly understood, limiting our ability to predict the consequences of future climate changes. To address this issue, it is critical to identify microbes sensitive to climate change and key driving factors shifting microbial communities. In this study, alpine soil transplant experiments were conducted downward or upward along an elevation gradient between 3,200 and 3,800 m in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau to simulate climate warming or cooling. After a 2-year soil transplant experiment, soil bacterial communities were analyzed by pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons. The results showed that the transplanted soil bacterial communities became more similar to those in their destination sites and more different from those in their “home” sites. Warming led to increases in the relative abundances inAlphaproteobacteria,Gammaproteobacteria, andActinobacteriaand decreases inAcidobacteria,Betaproteobacteria, andDeltaproteobacteria, while cooling had opposite effects on bacterial communities (symmetric response). Soil temperature and plant biomass contributed significantly to shaping the bacterial community structure. Overall, climate warming or cooling shifted the soil bacterial community structure mainly through species sorting, and such a shift might correlate to important biogeochemical processes such as greenhouse gas emissions. This study provides new insights into our understanding of soil bacterial community responses to climate warming and cooling.

scholarly journals Dryland Cropping Systems, Weed Communities, and Disease Status Modulate the Effect of Climate Conditions on Wheat Soil Bacterial Communities

mSphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne L. Ishaq ◽  
Tim Seipel ◽  
Carl Yeoman ◽  
Fabian D. Menalled
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Weed Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial

ABSTRACT Little knowledge exists on how soil bacteria in agricultural settings are impacted by management practices and environmental conditions in current and predicted climate scenarios. We assessed the impact of soil moisture, soil temperature, weed communities, and disease status on soil bacterial communities in three cropping systems: (i) conventional no-till (CNT) systems utilizing synthetic pesticides and herbicides, (ii) USDA-certified tilled organic (OT) systems, and (iii) USDA-certified organic systems with sheep grazing (OG). Sampling date within the growing season and associated soil temperature and moisture exerted the greatest effect on bacterial communities, followed by cropping system, Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) infection status, and weed community. Soil temperature was negatively correlated with bacterial richness and evenness, while soil moisture was positively correlated with bacterial richness and evenness. Soil temperature and soil moisture independently altered soil bacterial community similarity between treatments. Inoculation of wheat with WSMV altered the associated soil bacteria, and there were interactions between disease status and cropping system, sampling date, and climate conditions, indicating the effect of multiple stressors on bacterial communities in soil. In May and July, cropping system altered the effect of climate change on the bacterial community composition in hotter conditions and in hotter and drier conditions compared to ambient conditions, in samples not treated with WSMV. Overall, this study indicates that predicted climate modifications as well as biological stressors play a fundamental role in the impact of cropping systems on soil bacterial communities. IMPORTANCE Climate change is affecting global moisture and temperature patterns, and its impacts are predicted to worsen over time, posing progressively larger threats to food production. In the Northern Great Plains of the United States, climate change is forecast to increase temperature and decrease precipitation during the summer, and it is expected to negatively affect cereal crop production and pest management. In this study, temperature, soil moisture, weed communities, and disease status had interactive effects with cropping system on bacterial communities. As local climates continue to shift, the dynamics of above- and belowground associated biodiversity will also shift, which will impact food production and increase the need for more sustainable practices.

scholarly journals Identification of Soil Bacteria Susceptible to TiO2and ZnO Nanoparticles

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (18) ◽  
pp. 6749-6758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Ge ◽  
Joshua P. Schimel ◽  
Patricia A. Holden
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Soil Microcosms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
Dose Dependent

ABSTRACTBecause soil is expected to be a major sink for engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) released to the environment, the effects of ENPs on soil processes and the organisms that carry them out should be understood. DNA-based fingerprinting analyses have shown that ENPs alter soil bacterial communities, but specific taxon changes remain unknown. We used bar-coded pyrosequencing to explore the responses of diverse bacterial taxa to two widely used ENPs, nano-TiO2and nano-ZnO, at various doses (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg g−1soil for TiO2; 0.05, 0.1, and 0.5 mg g−1soil for ZnO) in incubated soil microcosms. These ENPs significantly altered the bacterial communities in a dose-dependent manner, with some taxa increasing as a proportion of the community, but more taxa decreasing, indicating that effects mostly reduced diversity. Some of the declining taxa are known to be associated with nitrogen fixation (Rhizobiales,Bradyrhizobiaceae, andBradyrhizobium) and methane oxidation (Methylobacteriaceae), while some positively impacted taxa are known to be associated with the decomposition of recalcitrant organic pollutants (Sphingomonadaceae) and biopolymers including protein (StreptomycetaceaeandStreptomyces), indicating potential consequences to ecosystem-scale processes. The latter was suggested by a positive correlation between protease activity and the relative abundance ofStreptomycetaceae(R= 0.49,P= 0.000) andStreptomyces(R= 0.47,P= 0.000). Our results demonstrate that some metal oxide nanoparticles could affect soil bacterial communities and associated processes through effects on susceptible, narrow-function bacterial taxa.

scholarly journals Structure and Diversity of Soil Bacterial Communities in Offshore Islands

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Te Lin ◽  
Yu-Fei Lin ◽  
Isheng J. Tsai ◽  
Ed-Haun Chang ◽  
Shih-Hao Jien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial

Effects of long-term biochar and biochar-based fertilizer application on brown earth soil bacterial communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 309 ◽  
pp. 107285
Author(s):  
Mengyu Gao ◽  
Jinfeng Yang ◽  
Chunmei Liu ◽  
Bowen Gu ◽  
Meng Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial
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