scholarly journals Isolation, Diversity, and Antimicrobial Activity of Rare Actinobacteria from Medicinal Plants of Tropical Rain Forests in Xishuangbanna, China

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (19) ◽  
pp. 6176-6186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Qin ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Hua-Hong Chen ◽  
Guo-Zhen Zhao ◽  
Wen-Yong Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Tropical Rain Forests ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Endophytic Actinobacteria

ABSTRACT Endophytic actinobacteria are relatively unexplored as potential sources of novel species and novel natural products for medical and commercial exploitation. Xishuangbanna is recognized throughout the world for its diverse flora, especially the rain forest plants, many of which have indigenous pharmaceutical histories. However, little is known about the endophytic actinobacteria of this tropical area. In this work, we studied the diversity of actinobacteria isolated from medicinal plants collected from tropical rain forests in Xishuangbanna. By the use of different selective isolation media and methods, a total of 2,174 actinobacteria were isolated. Forty-six isolates were selected on the basis of their morphologies on different media and were further characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed an unexpected level of diversity, with 32 different genera. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the isolation of Saccharopolyspora, Dietzia, Blastococcus, Dactylosporangium, Promicromonospora, Oerskovia, Actinocorallia, and Jiangella species from endophytic environments. At least 19 isolates are considered novel taxa by our current research. In addition, all 46 isolates were tested for antimicrobial activity and were screened for the presence of genes encoding polyketide synthetases and nonribosomal peptide synthetases. The results confirm that the medicinal plants of Xishuangbanna represent an extremely rich reservoir for the isolation of a significant diversity of actinobacteria, including novel species, that are potential sources for the discovery of biologically active compounds.

scholarly journals Effect of a bioconverted product of Lotus corniculatus seed on the axillary microbiome and body odor

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Ji Kim ◽  
Setu Bazie Tagele ◽  
HyungWoo Jo ◽  
Min-Chul Kim ◽  
YeonGyun Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Skin Microbiome ◽  
Body Odor ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Study Participants

AbstractThe skin microbiome, especially the axillary microbiome, consists of odor-causing bacteria that decompose odorless sweat into malodor compounds, which contributes to the formation of body odor. Plant-derived products are a cheap source of bioactive compounds that are common ingredients in cosmetics. Microbial bioconversion of natural products is an ecofriendly and economical method for production of new or improved biologically active compounds. Therefore, in this study, we tested the potential of a Lactobacillus acidophilus KNU-02-mediated bioconverted product (BLC) of Lotus corniculatus seed to reduce axillary malodor and its effect on the associated axillary microbiota. A chemical profile analysis revealed that benzoic acid was the most abundant chemical compound in BLC, which increased following bioconversion. Moreover, BLC treatment was found to reduce the intensity of axillary malodor. We tested the axillary microbiome of 18 study participants, divided equally into BLC and placebo groups, and revealed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing that Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, and Anaerococcus were the dominant taxa, and some of these taxa were significantly associated with axillary malodor. After one week of BLC treatment, the abundance of Corynebacterium and Anaerococcus, which are associated with well-known odor-related genes that produce volatile fatty acids, had significantly reduced. Likewise, the identified odor-related genes decreased after the application of BLC. BLC treatment enhanced the richness and network density of the axillary microbial community. The placebo group, on the other hand, showed no difference in the microbial richness, odor associated taxa, and predicted functional genes after a week. The results demonstrated that BLC has the potential to reduce the axillary malodor and the associated odor-causing bacteria, which makes BLC a viable deodorant material in cosmetic products.

scholarly journals Culturable diversity of bacterial endophytes associated with medicinal plants of the Western Ghats, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Webster ◽  
Alex J Mullins ◽  
Edward Cunningham-Oakes ◽  
Arun Renganathan ◽  
Jamuna Bai Aswathanarayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Core Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Endophytes ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
The Western Ghats

Abstract Bacterial endophytes are found in the internal tissues of plants and have intimate associations with their host. However, little is known about the diversity of medicinal plant endophytes (ME) or their capability to produce specialised metabolites that may contribute to therapeutic properties. We isolated 75 bacterial ME from 24 plant species of the Western Ghats, India. Molecular identification by 16S rRNA gene sequencing grouped MEs into 13 bacterial genera, with members of Gammaproteobacteria and Firmicutes being the most abundant. To improve taxonomic identification, 26 selected ME were genome sequenced and average nucleotide identity (ANI) used to identify them to the species-level. This identified multiple species in the most common genus as Bacillus. Similarly, identity of the Enterobacterales was also distinguished within Enterobacter and Serratia by ANI and core-gene analysis. AntiSMASH identified non-ribosomal peptide synthase, lantipeptide and bacteriocin biosynthetic gene clusters (BGC) as the most common BGCs found in the ME genomes. Five of the ME isolates belonging to Bacillus, Serratia and Enterobacter showed antimicrobial activity against the plant pathogen Pectobacterium carotovorum. Using molecular and genomic approaches we have characterised a unique collection of endophytic bacteria from medicinal plants. Their genomes encode multiple specialised metabolite gene clusters and the collection can now be screened for novel bioactive and medicinal metabolites.

scholarly journals Distribution and antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria associated with lychee fruits

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 2079-2085
Author(s):  
LIN-HU NAN ◽  
◽  
YI-SHENG CHEN ◽  
HUI-CHUNG WU ◽  
YU-CHING SU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

Lychee is a popular fruit in China and southeastern Asia. Although it is very popular, the microbiota of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) associated with lychee remains poorly described. Lychee samples from seven different markets located in three cities in Taiwan were collected and a total of 104 LAB were isolated. Through RFLP analyses of 16S rDNA and rpoA genes for grouping and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, these isolates were finally divided into 6 groups (A to F). The most common genera of LAB in lychee samples were Weissella and Leuconostoc. Weissella confusa strain E was found to produce a bacteriocin active against Listeria monocytogenes and some other Gram-positive bacteria. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed the bacteriocin mass to be approximately 3426.77 Da, which is different to other known Weissella bacteriocins. In addition, strain MB7 included in the genus Leuconostoc was identified as potential novel species or subspecies on the basis of phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA, rpoA and pheS gene sequences. Thus, this is the first report describing the distribution and varieties of LAB associated with lychee fruits. In addition, one potential novel LAB species or subspecies and one potential novel bacteriocin were also reported in this study.

scholarly journals Medicinal Plants Galega officinalis L. and Yacon Leaves as Potential Sources of Antidiabetic Drugs

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1362
Author(s):  
Halyna Hachkova ◽  
Mariia Nagalievska ◽  
Zoriana Soliljak ◽  
Olena Kanyuka ◽  
Alicja Zofia Kucharska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Hypoglycemic Effect ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Galega Officinalis ◽  
Potential Sources

Hypoglycemic and antioxidant properties of extracts of medicinal plants Galega officinalis L. (aboveground part) and yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius Poepp. & Endl.) (leaves) as potential sources of biologically active substances with antidiabetic action have been studied. The pronounced hypoglycemic effect of Galega officinalis extract, devoid of alkaloids, at a dose of 600 mg/kg in experimental diabetes mellitus (DM) has been proven. The established effect is evidenced by a decrease in the concentration of glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in the blood, increase glucose tolerance of cells, increase C-peptide and insulin content in the plasma of rats’ blood. The effective hypoglycemic effect of the extract in the studied pathology was confirmed by histological examination of the pancreas. The cytoprotective effect of the studied extract on pancreatic cells at a dose of 1200 mg/kg was experimentally confirmed. In the standard cut area, an increase was found in the number of Langerhans islets, their average area, diameter, volume, and a number of β-cells relative to these indicators in animals with diabetes. Comparative screening of the antioxidant properties of 30, 50, 70, and 96% water–ethanol extracts of yacon indicates the highest potential of 50% water-ethanol extract to block free radicals in in vitro model experiments. The non-alkaloid fraction of Galega officinalis extract showed moderate antioxidant activity and was inferior to yacon extract in its ability to neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS) and bind metal ions of variable valence. The level of antioxidant potential of the studied extracts is due to differences in the quantitative content of compounds of phenolic nature in their compositions. The obtained data on the biological effects of Galega officinalis extract on the structural and functional state of β-cells of the pancreas and antioxidant properties of Galega officinalis and yacon extracts substantiate the prospects of using these plants to create antidiabetic medicines and functional foods based on them.

scholarly journals Characterization of alkaliphilic Bacillus strains used in industry: proposal of five novel species

2005 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 2309-2315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichi Nogi ◽  
Hideto Takami ◽  
Koki Horikoshi
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Strains

Twenty alkaliphilic bacterial strains from industrial applications or enzyme studies were subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic investigation, including 16S rRNA gene sequencing, determination of genomic DNA G+C content, DNA–DNA hybridization, fatty acid analysis and standard bacteriological characterization. By comparing the groupings obtained based on the genomic DNA G+C content and the construction of a phylogenetic tree based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, 12 clusters of similar strains were recognized. DNA–DNA hybridization revealed that these clusters represented five novel genospecies. Further analysis supported the proposal of five novel species in the genus Bacillus: Bacillus wakoensis sp. nov. (type strain N-1T=JCM 9140T=DSM 2521T), Bacillus hemicellulosilyticus sp. nov. (type strain C-11T=JCM 9152T=DSM 16731T), Bacillus cellulosilyticus sp. nov. (type strain N-4T=JCM 9156T=DSM 2522T), Bacillus akibai sp. nov. (type strain 1139T=JCM 9157T=ATCC 43226T) and Bacillus mannanilyticus sp. nov. (type strain AM-001T=JCM 10596T=DSM 16130T).

scholarly journals Phylogenetic and Chemical Diversity of Three Chemotypes of Bloom-Forming Lyngbya Species (Cyanobacteria: Oscillatoriales) from Reefs of Southeastern Florida

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 2879-2888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koty Sharp ◽  
Karen E. Arthur ◽  
Liangcai Gu ◽  
Cliff Ross ◽  
Genelle Harrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Broward County ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Southern Florida ◽  
Cyanobacterial Genus

ABSTRACTThe cyanobacterial genusLyngbyaincludes free-living, benthic, filamentous cyanobacteria that form periodic nuisance blooms in lagoons, reefs, and estuaries.Lyngbyaspp. are prolific producers of biologically active compounds that deter grazers and help blooms persist in the marine environment. Here, our investigations reveal the presence of three distinctLyngbyaspecies on nearshore reefs in Broward County, FL, sampled in 2006 and 2007. With a combination of morphological measurements, molecular biology techniques, and natural products chemistry, we associated these threeLyngbyaspecies with three distinctLyngbyachemotypes. One species, identified asLyngbyacf.confervoidesvia morphological measurements and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, produces a diverse array of bioactive peptides and depsipeptides. Our results indicate that the other twoLyngbyaspecies produce either microcolins A and B or curacin D and dragonamides C and D. Results from screening for the biosynthetic capacity for curacin production among the threeLyngbyachemotypes in this study correlated that capacity with the presence of curacin D. Our work on these bloom-formingLyngbyaspecies emphasizes the significant phylogenetic and chemical diversity of the marine cyanobacteria on southern Florida reefs and identifies some of the genetic components of those differences.

scholarly journals Sutterella stercoricanis sp. nov., isolated from canine faeces

2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 1581-1584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazel L. Greetham ◽  
Matthew D. Collins ◽  
Glenn R. Gibson ◽  
Catriona Giffard ◽  
Enevold Falsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

Morphological, biochemical and molecular genetic studies were carried out on an unknown non-spore-forming, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium which was isolated from dog faeces. The bacterium grew under anaerobic conditions, was asaccharolytic, resistant to 20 % (v/v) bile and was oxidase- and urease-negative. Phylogenetic analysis based on comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the unidentified bacterium clustered with Sutterella wadsworthensis, although a sequence divergence of >5 % indicated that the bacterium from dog faeces represented a previously unrecognized subline within the genus. On the basis of the presented findings, a novel species, Sutterella stercoricanis sp. nov., is described. The type strain of Sutterella stercoricanis is 5BAC4T (=CCUG 47620T=CIP 108024T).

scholarly journals Mycobacterium saskatchewanense sp. nov., a novel slowly growing scotochromogenic species from human clinical isolates related to Mycobacterium interjectum and Accuprobe-positive for Mycobacterium avium complex

2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 659-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. Turenne ◽  
L. Thibert ◽  
K. Williams ◽  
T. V. Burdz ◽  
V. J. Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Established Species ◽  
Rdna Analysis ◽  
Selection Of

A pigmented, slowly growing Mycobacterium avium complex AccuProbe-positive organism was isolated from the sputum and pleural fluid of a 72-year-old female with bronchiectasis. The unusual morphology of the organism prompted further identification by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, revealing a perfect identity with previously uncharacterized strain Mycobacterium sp. MCRO 8 (GenBank accession no. X93034), with the closest established species by 16S rDNA analysis being Mycobacterium interjectum. HPLC of the organism corresponded to previously obtained patterns identified as M. interjectum-like and, upon sequence evaluation of a selection of strains with a similar profile, more were subsequently identified as MCRO 8. A total of 16 strains isolated from human respiratory samples were evaluated in the characterization of this novel species, for which the name Mycobacterium saskatchewanense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain 00-250T (=ATCC BAA-544T=DSM 44616T=CIP 108114T).

scholarly journals IN-VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF BIOLOGICAL SYNTHESIZED SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING STENOTROPHOMONAS MALTOPHILIA STRAIN NS-24 FROM NON-RHIZOSPHERE SOIL

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
SREENIVASA NAYAKA ◽  
BIDHAYAK CHAKRABORTY ◽  
DATTATREYA AIRODGI ◽  
MEGHASHYAMA P. BHAT ◽  
SHASHIRAJ K. NAGARAJA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Objective: The present goals of our study were biological synthesis, characterizations of silver nanoparticles, and evaluation of its antimicrobial activity against microbial pathogens like Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: The bacterial Strain NS-24 was isolated on nutrient agar medium and was selected for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles based on its gram-negative characteristics. The characterizations of silver nanoparticles were done by UV-Visible spectroscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), High Resolution-Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Later, the molecular characterization of the Strain NS-24 was done by DNA extraction and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results: The UV-visible spectrophotometric observation of the Strain NS-24 supernatant and AgNO3 solution showed maximum absorbance at 423 nm. The AFM data confirmed that the particles were polydispersed and spherical in shape. Additionally, the FTIR analysis revealed the IR spectral band patterning and TEM analyzes showed the size of biological AgNPs was in the range of 12.56 nm to 27.32 nm, with an average of 18.06 nm in size. Further, the 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed the identity of Strain NS-24 as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The antimicrobial activity of AgNPs was studied on different gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial strains like Escherichia coli (MTCC 40), Enterococcus faecalis (MTCC 6845), Streptococcus pneumoniae (MTCC 8874) and Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 2825), which showed good inhibition of their growth at varying concentrations of AgNPs against all the pathogens. Conclusion: Our findings showed that the synthesized AgNPs from the isolated bacterium was small in size and had profound antibacterial activity against pathogenic micro-organisms.

scholarly journals Fontibacillus panacisegetis sp. nov., isolated from soil of a ginseng field

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keun Chul Lee ◽  
Kwang Kyu Kim ◽  
Mi Kyung Eom ◽  
Mi Jeong Kim ◽  
Jung-Sook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Major Fatty Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Polar Lipid Profile ◽  
Hybridization Data ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

A facultatively anaerobic, endospore-forming bacterium, designated strain P11-6T, was isolated from soil of a ginseng field located in Geumsan County, Republic of Korea. Cells of strain P11-6T were Gram-stain-negative, catalase-negative, motile rods and produced semi-translucent, circular, white colonies on tryptic soy agar. The isolate contained MK-7 as the only menaquinone and anteiso-C15 : 0 as the major fatty acid. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, an unknown aminophosphoglycolipid, an unknown aminophospholipid, two unknown phospholipids, three unknown glycolipids and three unknown lipids were detected in the polar lipid profile. The DNA G+C content of strain P11-6T was 41.9 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that strain P11-6T was most closely related to Fontibacillus aquaticus GPTSA 19T (97.2 % sequence similarity) and that it formed a separate lineage with F. aquaticus in the family Paenibacillaceae. Combined phenotypic and DNA–DNA hybridization data supported the conclusion that strain P11-6T represents a novel species in the genus Fontibacillus, for which the name Fontibacillus panacisegetis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is P11-6T (=KCTC 13564T =CECT 7605T).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document