Susceptibilities of non-Pseudomonas aeruginosa gram-negative nonfermentative rods to ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, D-ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, ceftazidime, piperacillin, piperacillin-tazobactam, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and imipenem.

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 772-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
S K Spangler ◽  
M A Visalli ◽  
M R Jacobs ◽  
P C Appelbaum
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Time Kill

Agar dilution MICs of 10 agents against 410 non-Pseudomonas aeruginosa gram-negative nonfermentative rods were determined. MICs at which 50 and 90% of the isolates were inhibited, respectively, were as follows (in micrograms per milliliter): sparfloxacin, 0.5 and 8.0; levofloxacin, 1.0 and 8.0; ciprofloxacin, 2.0 and 32.0; ofloxacin, 2.0 and 32.0; D-ofloxacin, 32.0 and > 64.0; ceftazidime, 8.0 and 64.0; piperacillin with or without tazobactam, 16.0 and > 64.0; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 0.5 and > 64.0; imipenem, 2.0 and > 64.0. With the exception of those for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Burkholderia cepacia, and Alcaligenes faecalis-A. odorans, agar dilution MICs for all strains tested were within 1 dilution of inhibitory (bacteriostatic) levels as determined by time-kill methodology.

Comparative activity of trovafloxacin, alone and in combination with other agents, against gram-negative nonfermentative rods.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 1475-1481 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Visalli ◽  
S Bajaksouzian ◽  
M R Jacobs ◽  
P C Appelbaum
Keyword(s):  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Pseudomonas Stutzeri ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Flavobacterium Odoratum ◽  
Time Kill ◽  
Synergy Testing ◽  
Comparative Activity

In the first part of this study, agar dilution MICs were used to test the activities of trovafloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, clinafloxacin, ceftazidime, and imipenem against 458 gram-negative nonfermenters. The overall respective MICs at which 50% of isolates are inhibited (MIC50s) and MIC90s were as follows: trovafloxacin, 1.0 and 16.0 microg/ml; ciprofloxacin, 2.0 and 16.0 microg/ml; ofloxacin, 2.0 and 32.0 microg/ml; levofloxacin, 1.0 and 16.0 microg/ml; sparfloxacin, 1.0 and 16.0 microg/ml; clinafloxacin, 0.5 and 4.0 microg/ml; ceftazidime, 8.0 and 128.0 microg/ml; imipenem, 2.0 and 256.0 microg/ml. Clinafloxacin was the most active of all the quinolones tested. The MIC90s of trovafloxacin were < or = 4.0 microg/ml for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Flavobacterium odoratum, and Chryseobacterium meningosepticum; trovafloxacin MIC90s were < or = 2.0 microg/ml for Moraxella spp., Pseudomonas stutzeri, and Chryseobacterium indologenes-C. gleum. Of the other quinolones tested, the MICs of sparfloxacin and levofloxacin were lower than those of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. High ceftazidime MICs (> or = 32.0 microg/ml) were observed for all nonfermentative species tested. Although for the majority of strains tested imipenem MICs were < or = 8.0 microg/ml, high imipenem MICs were observed for many species, especially S. maltophilia, Burkholderia cepacia, F. odoratum, and Chryseobacterium meningosepticum. For Alcaligenes xylosoxidans strains, the MICs of all compounds were generally a few dilutions lower than those for Alcaligenes faecalis-A. odorans. Time-kill studies with five strains revealed that trovafloxacin and all quinolones yielded more rapid time-kill kinetics than ceftazidime and imipenem. Synergy testing by checkerboard titrations of 286 strains with trovafloxacin combined with ceftazidime, amikacin, and imipenem revealed fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indices in the range indicating synergism (< or = 0.5) for 81, 41, and 40 strains, respectively, and FIC indices indicating additivity or indifference (> 0.5 to 4.0) for 205, 245, and 246 strains, respectively. No FIC indices indicating antagonism (> 4.0) were observed. Synergy between trovafloxacin and ceftazidime was found for 32 of 36 S. maltophilia strains. Time-kill studies with 20 strains showed that for most strains for which FIC indices were in the range indicating additivity or indifference, FIC indices indicated synergy by the time-kill method. Synergy was particularly noticeable for S. maltophilia strains with combinations of ceftazidime and trovafloxacin.

scholarly journals Potency and Spectrum of Activity of AN3365, a Novel Boron-Containing Protein Synthesis Inhibitor, Tested against Clinical Isolates of Enterobacteriaceae and Nonfermentative Gram-Negative Bacilli

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 2849-2857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo E. Mendes ◽  
M. R. K. Alley ◽  
Helio S. Sader ◽  
Douglas J. Biedenbach ◽  
Ronald N. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Protein Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant

ABSTRACTAN3365 (MIC50/90, 0.5/1 μg/ml) was active againstEnterobacteriaceae, including a subset ofKlebsiella pneumoniaecarbapenemase (KPC)-producingK. pneumoniaestrains (MIC50/90, 1/2 μg/ml). AN3365 inhibited 98.0 and 92.2% of wild-type (MIC50/90, 2/8 μg/ml) and carbapenem-resistant (MIC50/90, 4/8 μg/ml)Pseudomonas aeruginosastrains, respectively, at ≤8 μg/ml. AN3365 also demonstrated activity against wild-typeAcinetobacter baumannii(MIC50/90, 2/8 μg/ml) andStenotrophomonas maltophilia(MIC50/90, 2/4 μg/ml), while it was less active against multidrug-resistantA. baumannii(MIC50/90, 8/16 μg/ml) andBurkholderia cepacia(MIC50/90, 8/32 μg/ml).

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Ceftolozane-Tazobactam against Multidrug-Resistant Nonfermenting Gram-Negative Bacilli Isolated from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Grohs ◽  
Gary Taieb ◽  
Philippe Morand ◽  
Iheb Kaibi ◽  
Isabelle Podglajen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Time Kill

ABSTRACT Ceftolozane-tazobactam was tested against 58 multidrug-resistant nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli (35 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 11 Achromobacter xylosoxydans, and 12 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates) isolated from cystic fibrosis patients and was compared to ceftolozane alone, ceftazidime, meropenem, and piperacillin-tazobactam. Ceftolozane-tazobactam was the most active agent against P. aeruginosa but was inactive against A. xylosoxydans and S. maltophilia. In time-kill experiments, ceftolozane-tazobactam had complete bactericidal activity against 2/6 clinical isolates (33%).

scholarly journals Minocycline Activity Against Unusual Clinically Significant Gram-Negative Pathogens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dee Shortridge ◽  
S. J. Ryan Arends ◽  
Jennifer M. Streit ◽  
Mariana Castanheira
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Option ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Clinically Significant

The minocycline susceptibility of 3,856 isolates including Burkholderia , Achromobacter , Alcaligenes, Aeromonas , and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from the SENTRY surveillance (2014-2019) were analyzed. The susceptibilities of these species (number; %S) were Achromobacter spp. (n=411; 92.6%), Burkholderia cepacia species complex (n=199; 85.9%), Aeromonas spp. (n=127; 99.2%), Chryseobacterium spp (n=59; 94.9%), Alcaligenes faecalis (n=42; 88.1%) and S. maltophilia (n=2,287; 99.5%). These data suggest that minocycline may be a useful treatment option for infections caused by unusual gram-negative pathogens.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of cystic fibrosis respiratory pathogens isolated at a South African Hospital, 2006–2010

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
Vindana Chibabhai ◽  
Warren Lowman
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
South African ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia Complex ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Academic Hospital ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis Population ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Background: The epidemiology of cystic fibrosis (CF) associated pathogens other than Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the South African cystic fibrosis population has not been previously described.Methods: A retrospective review of respiratory cultures taken from cystic fibrosis clinic patients at the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital from 2006 to 2010 was performed.Results: During the study period, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Burkholderia cepacia complex and Candida albicans prevalence remained stable, Aspergillus fumigatus increased from 8% to 20% (p = 0.0132); Staphylococcus aureus decreased from 66% to 50% (p = 0.0243) and Haemophilus influenzae decreased from 13% to 3% (p = 0.0136). There were significant antimicrobial susceptibility changes to meropenem (p  0.0001) amongst P. aeruginosa isolates and cloxacillin (p 0.0001) amongst S. aureus isolates. Prevalence of most bacterial pathogens appeared to increase with increasing age.Conclusion: The findings of this study illustrate the epidemiology of CF associated respiratory pathogens and the trends in prevalence and susceptibility patterns over a 5-year period.

scholarly journals In Vitro Bactericidal Activity of Human β-Defensin 3 against Multidrug-Resistant Nosocomial Strains

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 806-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppantonio Maisetta ◽  
Giovanna Batoni ◽  
Semih Esin ◽  
Walter Florio ◽  
Daria Bottai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Negative

ABSTRACT The antimicrobial activity of human β-defensin 3 (hBD-3) against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Acinetobacter baumannii was evaluated. A fast bactericidal effect (within 20 min) against all bacterial strains tested was observed. The presence of 20% human serum abolished the bactericidal activity of hBD-3 against gram-negative strains and reduced the activity of the peptide against gram-positive strains.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Multiresistant Gram-Negative Bacteria to Fosfomycin and Performance of Different Susceptibility Testing Methods

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 1763-1767 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Perdigão-Neto ◽  
M. S. Oliveira ◽  
C. F. Rizek ◽  
C. M. D. M. Carrilho ◽  
S. F. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Systemic Infections

ABSTRACTFosfomycin may be a treatment option for multiresistant Gram-negative bacteria. This study compared susceptibility methods using 94 multiresistant clinical isolates. With agar dilution (AD), susceptibilities were 81%, 7%, 96%, and 100% (CLSI) and 0%, 0%, 96%, and 30% (EUCAST), respectively, forAcinetobacter baumannii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniae, andEnterobacterspp. Categorical agreement between Etest and AD forEnterobacteriaceaeandA. baumanniiwas ≥80%. Disk diffusion was adequate only forEnterobacter. CLSI criteria for urine may be adequate for systemic infections.

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