scholarly journals Effect of Clarithromycin in Inflammatory Markers of Patients with Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia and Sepsis Caused by Gram-Negative Bacteria: Results from a Randomized Clinical Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 3819-3825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aikaterini Spyridaki ◽  
Maria Raftogiannis ◽  
Anastasia Antonopoulou ◽  
Thomas Tsaganos ◽  
Christina Routsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Soluble Cd40 Ligand ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Randomized Clinical Study ◽  
Tnf Α

ABSTRACTOne recent, double-blind, randomized clinical trial with 200 patients showed that clarithromycin administered intravenously for 3 days in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) accelerated the resolution of pneumonia and decreased the risk of death from septic shock and multiple organ dysfunctions (MODS). The present study focused on the effect of clarithromycin on markers of inflammation in these patients. Blood was drawn immediately before the administration of the allocated treatment and on six consecutive days after the start of treatment. The concentrations of circulating markers were measured. Monocytes and neutrophils were isolated for immunophenotyping analysis and for cytokine stimulation. The ratio of serum interleukin-10 (IL-10) to serum tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was decreased in the clarithromycin group compared with the results in the placebo group. Apoptosis of monocytes was significantly increased on day 4 in the clarithromycin group compared with the rate of apoptosis in the placebo group. On the same day, the expression of CD86 was increased and the ratio of soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) to CD86 in serum was unchanged. The release of TNF-α, IL-6, and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) by circulating monocytes after stimulation was greater in the clarithromycin group than in the placebo group. The expression of TREM-1 on monocytes was also increased in the former group. These effects were pronounced in patients with septic shock and MODS. These results suggest that the administration of clarithromycin restored the balance between proinflammatory versus anti-inflammatory mediators in patients with sepsis; this was accompanied by more efficient antigen presentation and increased apoptosis. These effects render new perspectives for the immunotherapy of sepsis.

scholarly journals IgM-enriched immunoglobulins (Pentaglobin) may improve the microcirculation in sepsis: a pilot randomized trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Domizi ◽  
Erica Adrario ◽  
Elisa Damiani ◽  
Claudia Scorcella ◽  
Andrea Carsetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Microvascular Perfusion ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Link Type

Abstract Background Polyclonal or IgM-enriched immunoglobulins may be beneficial during sepsis as an adjuvant immunomodulatory therapy. We aimed to test whether the infusion of IgM-enriched immunoglobulins improves microvascular perfusion during sepsis. Methods Single-centre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II trial including adult patients with a diagnosis of sepsis or septic shock for less than 24 h. Patients received an intravenous infusion of 250 mg/kg (5 mL/kg) per day of IgM-enriched immunoglobulins (Pentaglobin, n = 10) for 72 h or placebo (NaCl 0.9%, n = 9). At baseline and after 24 and 72 h of infusion, the sublingual microcirculation was assessed with Incident Dark Field videomicroscopy. Thenar near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was applied with a vascular occlusion test to assess tissue oxygenation and microvascular reactivity. Levels of interleukin (IL) 1-beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and tumour necrosis factor alpha were measured in the serum. Results The perfused vessel density (PVD) for small vessels (diameter < 20 micron) increased in the Pentaglobin group (from 21.7 ± 4.7 to 25.5 ± 5.1 mm/mm2) and decreased in the placebo group (from 25 ± 5.8 to 20.7 ± 4.1 mm/mm2, p for interaction < 0.001, two-way analysis of variance). The absolute between-group difference at 72 h was 4.77 (standard error 2.34), p = 0.140. The microvascular flow index for small vessels increased at 24 h in the Pentaglobin group (from 2.68 [2.38–2.78] to 2.93 [2.82–3], p < 0.01) and decreased at 72 h in the placebo group (from 2.83 [2.60–2.97] to 2.67 [2.48–2.73], p < 0.05). Changes in general parameters, cytokines and NIRS-derived parameters were similar between the two groups, except for IL-6 and IL-10 that significantly decreased at 72 h only in the Pentaglobin group. Conclusions A 72-h infusion of IgM-enriched immunoglobulins (Pentaglobin) in patients with sepsis or septic shock may be associated with an increase in sublingual microvascular perfusion. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings. Trial registration NCT02655133, www.ClinicalTrials.gov, date of registration 7th January 2016, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02655133.

scholarly journals Effects of Fermented Milk Containing Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Strain Shirota on Constipation in Patients with Depression: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2238
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Zhang ◽  
Shanbin Chen ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Fazheng Ren ◽  
Yimei Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Factor Α

Probiotics have been shown to benefit patients with constipation and depression, but whether they specifically alleviate constipation in patients with depression remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strain Shirota (LcS), formerly Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota, on constipation in patients with depression with specific etiology and gut microbiota and on depressive regimens. Eighty-two patients with constipation were recruited. The subjects consumed 100 mL of a LcS beverage (108 CFU/mL) or placebo every day for 9 weeks. After ingesting beverages for this period, we observed no significant differences in the total patient constipation-symptom (PAC-SYM) scores in the LcS group when compared with the placebo group. However, symptoms/scores in item 7 (rectal tearing or bleeding after a bowel movement) and items 8–12 (stool symptom subscale) were more alleviated in the LcS group than in the placebo group. The Beck Depression Index (BDI) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores were all significantly decreased, and the degree of depression was significantly improved in both the placebo and LcS groups (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the groups. The LcS intervention increased the beneficial Adlercreutzia, Megasphaera and Veillonella levels and decreased the bacterial levels related to mental illness, such as Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Sutterella and Oscillibacter. Additionally, the interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were significantly decreased in both the placebo and LcS groups (p < 0.05). In particular, the IL-6 levels were significantly lower in the LcS group than the placebo group after the ingestion period (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the daily consumption of LcS for 9 weeks appeared to relieve constipation and improve the potentially depressive symptoms in patients with depression and significantly decrease the IL-6 levels. In addition, the LcS supplementation also appeared to regulate the intestinal microbiota related to mental illness.

scholarly journals Tranexamic acid for acute intracerebral haemorrhage growth based on imaging assessment (TRAIGE): a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

2021 ◽  
pp. svn-2021-000942
Author(s):  
Jingyi Liu ◽  
Ximing Nie ◽  
Hongqiu Gu ◽  
Qi Zhou ◽  
Haixin Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Intracerebral Haemorrhage ◽  
Intracranial Haemorrhage ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intracerebral Haematoma ◽  
Spot Sign ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Risk Of Death

BackgroundStudies show tranexamic acid can reduce the risk of death and early neurological deterioration after intracranial haemorrhage. We aimed to assess whether tranexamic acid reduces haematoma expansion and improves outcome in intracerebral haemorrhage patients susceptible to haemorrhage expansion.MethodsWe did a prospective, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial at 10 stroke centres in China. Acute supratentorial intracerebral haemorrhage patients were eligible if they had indication of haemorrhage expansion on admission imaging (eg, spot sign, black hole sign or blend sign), and were treatable within 8 hours of symptom onset. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either tranexamic acid or a matching placebo. The primary outcome was intracerebral haematoma growth (>33% relative or >6 mL absolute) at 24 hours. Clinical outcomes were assessed at 90 days.ResultsOf the 171 included patients, 124 (72.5%) were male, and the mean age was 55.9±11.6 years. 89 patients received tranexamic acid and 82 received placebo. The primary outcome did not differ significantly between the groups: 36 (40.4%) patients in the tranexamic acid group and 34 (41.5%) patients in the placebo group had intracranial haemorrhage growth (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.52 to 1.77, p=0.89). The proportion of death was lower in the tranexamic acid treatment group than placebo group (8.1% vs 10.0%), but there were no significant differences in secondary outcomes including absolute intracranial haemorrhage growth, death and dependency.ConclusionsAmong patients susceptible to haemorrhage expansion treated within 8 hours of stroke onset, tranexamic acid did not significantly prevent intracerebral haemorrhage growth. Larger studies are needed to assess safety and efficacy of tranexamic acid in intracerebral haemorrhage patients.

scholarly journals Interaction of Antimicrobial Peptide Temporin L with Lipopolysaccharide In Vitro and in Experimental Rat Models of Septic Shock Caused by Gram-Negative Bacteria

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 2478-2486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Giacometti ◽  
Oscar Cirioni ◽  
Roberto Ghiselli ◽  
Federico Mocchegiani ◽  
Fiorenza Orlando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Amphibian Skin ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Rat Models ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tnf Α

ABSTRACT Sepsis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients, despite intense efforts to improve survival. The primary lead for septic shock results from activation of host effector cells by endotoxin, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) associated with cell membranes of gram-negative bacteria. For these reasons, the quest for compounds with antiendotoxin properties is actively pursued. We investigated the efficacy of the amphibian skin antimicrobial peptide temporin L in binding Escherichia coli LPS in vitro and counteracting its effects in vivo. Temporin L strongly bound to purified E. coli LPS and lipid A in vitro, as proven by fluorescent displacement assay, and readily penetrated into E. coli LPS monolayers. Furthermore, the killing activity of temporin L against E. coli was progressively inhibited by increasing concentrations of LPS added to the medium, further confirming the peptide's affinity for endotoxin. Antimicrobial assays showed that temporin L interacted synergistically with the clinically used β-lactam antibiotics piperacillin and imipenem. Therefore, we characterized the activity of temporin L when combined with imipenem and piperacillin in the prevention of lethality in two rat models of septic shock, measuring bacterial growth in blood and intra-abdominal fluid, endotoxin and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) concentrations in plasma, and lethality. With respect to controls and single-drug treatments, the simultaneous administration of temporin L and β-lactams produced the highest antimicrobial activities and the strongest reduction in plasma endotoxin and TNF-α levels, resulting in the highest survival rates.

Triterpenoid CDDO-IM protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response and cytotoxicity in macrophages: The involvement of the NF-κB signaling pathway

2022 ◽  
pp. 153537022110669
Author(s):  
Hassan Ahmed ◽  
Urooj Amin ◽  
Xiaolun Sun ◽  
Demetrius R Pitts ◽  
Yunbo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), also known as endotoxin, can trigger septic shock, a severe form of inflammation-mediated sepsis with a very high mortality rate. However, the precise mechanisms underlying this endotoxin remain to be defined and detoxification of LPS is yet to be established. Macrophages, a type of immune cells, initiate a key response responsible for the cascade of events leading to the surge in inflammatory cytokines and immunopathology of septic shock. This study was undertaken to determine whether the LPS-induced inflammation in macrophage cells could be ameliorated via CDDO-IM (2-cyano-3,12 dioxooleana-1,9 dien-28-oyl imidazoline), a novel triterpenoid compound. Data from this study show that gene expression levels of inflammatory cytokine genes such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were considerably increased by treatment with LPS in macrophages differentiated from ML-1 monocytes. Interestingly, LPS-induced increase in expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine levels is reduced by CDDO-IM. In addition, endogenous upregulation of a series of antioxidant molecules by CDDO-IM provided protection against LPS-induced cytotoxicity in macrophages. LPS-mediated nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) transcriptional activity was also noted to decrease upon treatment with CDDO-IM in macrophages suggesting the involvement of the NF-κB signaling. This study would contribute to improve our understanding of the detoxification of endotoxin LPS by the triterpenoid CDDO-IM.

Early antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory effects of simvastatin versus fenofibrate in patients with hypercholesterolemia

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (07) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anetta Undas ◽  
Magdalena Celinska-Löwenhoff ◽  
Teresa B. Domagala ◽  
Teresa Iwaniec ◽  
Jerzy Dropinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Soluble Cd40 Ligand ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Simvastatin Group ◽  
Days Of Therapy ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

SummaryThe aim of the study was to determine whether a short-term treatment with simvastatin or fenofibrate may result in beneficial anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic effects in patients with high risk of coronary artery disease. In a randomized, double-blind study, we compared markers of inflammation, thrombin formation and platelet activation in patients with LDL cholesterol >130 mg/dl assigned to receive simvastatin (40 mg/d; n=20) or micronised fenofibrate (160 mg/d; n=22) for 28 days. Simvastatin, but not fenofibrate, lowered C-reactive protein (CRP) by 32% on day 3 (p<0.001), while both drugs reduced CRP significantly on day 28. Interleukin-6, soluble CD40 ligand, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels decreased significantly (by 20 to 50%) in both treatment groups on days 3 and 28. Soluble cell adhesion molecules remained unchanged in both groups. Simvastatin and fenofibrate significantly lowered plasma concentrations of thrombin-antithrombin complexes on days and 28, but not platelet β-thromboglobulin (βTG) levels. Soluble P-selectin was lowered only in the simvastatin group. The total amount of thrombin generated at the site of microvascular injury also declined (by about 30%) as early as after 3 days of fenofibrate or simvastatin therapy, whereas βTG release was reduced only in the simvastatin group on days 3 and 28.All the effects were independent of the changes in lipid profiles. Our results suggest that statins and fibrates can exert antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory effects as early as after 3 days of therapy. However, in contrast to statins, fibrates have no influence on platelet function within one month of therapy.

scholarly journals L-Carnitine supplementation ameliorates serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha and matrix metalloproteinase-3 in knee osteoarthritis women

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Mahdavi ◽  
Sousan Kolahi ◽  
Vahideh Ebrahimzadeh Attari ◽  
Aida Malek Mahdavi
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Global Assessment ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Carnitine Supplementation ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 ◽  
Significant Difference

<p class="Abstract">Seventy-two females with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis were included in this randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. Patients in the intervention group (n=36) received L-carnitine supplement (750 mg/day) for two months. L-Carnitine supplementation led to decrease in serum TNF-α and MMP-3 levels significantly in comparison with the baseline (p&lt;0.001 and p&lt;0.001, respectively) and placebo group (p&lt;0.001 and p=0.03, respectively). In addition, physician’s global assessment of the severity of osteoarthritis decreased significantly in the L-carnitine group (p&lt;0.001) and placebo group (p=0.012) after supplementation. At the end of the study, a significant difference was observed between the two groups for mean physician’s global assessment of the severity of osteoarthritis (p&lt;0.001), adjusted for baseline values and duration of osteoarthritis. L-Carnitine supplementation has beneficial effects in reducing inflammatory biomarkers in knee osteoarthritis patients which subsequently leads to the alleviation of disease symptoms.</p>

scholarly journals Double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled intervention trial to evaluate the effects of Bifidobacterium longum CECT 7347 in children with newly diagnosed coeliac disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Olivares ◽  
Gemma Castillejo ◽  
Vicente Varea ◽  
Yolanda Sanz
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Tnf Α

Interactions between the immune system and the intestinal microbiota may play a role in coeliac disease (CD). In the present study, the potential effects of Bifidobacterium longum CECT 7347 in children with newly diagnosed CD were evaluated. A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in thirty-three children who received a capsule containing either B. longum CECT 7347 (109 colony-forming units) or placebo (excipients) daily for 3 months together with a gluten-free diet (GFD). Outcome measures (baseline and post-intervention) included immune phenotype of peripheral blood cells, serum cytokine concentration, faecal secretory IgA (sIgA) content, anthropometric parameters and intestinal microbiota composition. Comparisons between the groups revealed greater height percentile increases (P= 0·048) in the B. longum CECT 7347 group than in the placebo group, as well as decreased peripheral CD3+ T lymphocytes (P= 0·004) and slightly reduced TNF-α concentration (P= 0·067). Within-group comparisons of baseline and final values did not reveal any differences in T lymphocytes and cytokines in the placebo group, while decreased CD3+ (P =0·013) and human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DR+ T lymphocytes (P =0·029) and slightly reduced TNF-α concentration (P= 0·085) were detected in the B. longum CECT 7347 group. Comparison between the groups showed that the administration of B. longum CECT 7347 reduced the numbers of the Bacteroides fragilis group (P= 0·020) and the content of sIgA in stools (P= 0·011) compared with the administration of placebo. Although this is a first exploratory intervention with limitations, the findings suggest that B. longum CECT 7347 could help improve the health status of CD patients who tend to show alterations in gut microbiota composition and a biased immune response even on a GFD.

Efficacy and Safety of Adalimumab Treatment in Patients with Moderate to Severe Psoriasis: A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial

2007 ◽  
Vol 13a (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth B. Gordon ◽  
Robin R. Blum ◽  
Kim A. Papp ◽  
Robert Matheson ◽  
Chantal Bolduc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plaque Psoriasis ◽  
Dosage Reduction ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Severe Plaque Psoriasis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Adalimumab Therapy

Background Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is pivotal in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, an immune-mediated disease. Adalimumab is a fully human, IgG1 monoclonal antibody that inhibits TNF-α. Objectives The aims of this study were to assess the efficacy and safety of adalimumab therapy for patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis and evaluate the duration of treatment response after withdrawal from or dosage reduction of adalimumab therapy. Methods In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis received 12-week, open-label therapy with subcutaneous adalimumab, consisting of 80 mg of adalimumab at weeks 0 and 1, followed by 40 mg weekly at weeks 2–11. At week 12, patients who had an improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score of ≥50% were randomized to blinded therapy and received either adalimumab 40 mg every other week (eow) or placebo for an additional 12 weeks. Results A total of 148 patients enrolled. Clinical response was rapid, with a PASI 50 response rate of 28% at week 2 of adalimumab therapy. At week 12, 91.9% (136/148) of patients had achieved ≥50% reduction in PASI (PASI 50) vs. baseline, 76.4% (113/148) had achieved PASI 75, and 47.3% (70/148) had achieved PASI 90. Of patients who were randomized to placebo at week 12, 30.9% (21/68) experienced a relapse (<PASI 50 improvement vs. baseline) by week 24, compared with 16.2% (11/68) of patients who received adalimumab 40 mg eow. In addition, 48.5% (33/68) of patients who were randomized to placebo at week 12 were PASI 75 responded at week 24, compared with 67.6% (46/68) of patients randomized to adalimumab 40 mg eow (p=0.032). And, 27.9% (19/68) of patients who were randomized to placebo at week 12 were PASI 90 responders at week 24, compared with 47.1% (32/68) of patients randomized to adalimumab 40 mg eow (p=0.028). Adalimumab was generally well-tolerated, and the rates of adverse events were comparable between the adalimumab and placebo groups. Conclusions Weekly adalimumab therapy rapidly improved psoriasis during an initial 12-week period. Improvement was sustained in most, but not all patients, despite dosage reduction to every other week. No patients randomized to adalimumab withdrawal (placebo at week 12) experienced rebound, and most maintained >PASI 50 improvement, relative to baseline, during the 3 months following adalimumab discontinuation. Overall, greater efficacy rates at week 24 were observed for patients randomized to continuous adalimumab therapy than for patients who were withdrawn from therapy at week 12.

scholarly journals Influence of Lactobacillus paracasei HII01 Supplementation on Glycemia and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1455
Author(s):  
Parichart Toejing ◽  
Nanticha Khampithum ◽  
Sasithorn Sirilun ◽  
Chaiyavat Chaiyasut ◽  
Narissara Lailerd
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
To Receive

It has been shown that gut dysbiosis can be associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Consequently, intervention with probiotics may be a useful approach to improve metabolic variables in diabetes. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of L. paracasei HII01 on glycemia in T2DM patients. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 50 participants were allocated to receive L. paracasei HII01 (50 × 109 CFU/day) or a placebo (corn starch 10 mg/day). Blood and fecal samples were assessed at baseline and at the end of the trial. After 12 weeks of intervention, fasting blood glucose level had significantly decreased in the probiotic group compared with the placebo group. Importantly, probiotic supplementation significantly decreased the plasma levels of LPS, TNF-α, IL-6 and hsCRP compared the placebo group. Additionally, an increase in beneficial bacteria and a decrease in pathogenic bacteria, which related to the improvement of SCFAs, was found following L. paracasei HII01 supplementation. These findings demonstrated that L. paracasei HII01 improved hyperglycemia and inflammatory markers by favorably modifying gut microbiota and subsequently ameliorating the leaky gut and endotoxemia, thereby suggesting a potential role as an adjuvant treatment in type 2 diabetes.

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