scholarly journals Escherichia coli Isolate Coproducing 16S rRNA Methylase and CTX-M-Type Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Isolated from an Outpatient in the United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 1204-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohei Doi ◽  
David L. Paterson ◽  
Jennifer M. Adams-Haduch
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
The United States ◽  
Coli Isolate ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
16S Rrna Methylase

scholarly journals Genetic Determinants of Resistance to Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin and Fluoroquinolone in Escherichia coli Isolated from Diseased Pigs in the United States

mSphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivdeep Singh Hayer ◽  
Seunghyun Lim ◽  
Samuel Hong ◽  
Ehud Elnekave ◽  
Timothy Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
High Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Swine Population

ABSTRACT Fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins are critically important antimicrobial classes for both human and veterinary medicine. We previously found a drastic increase in enrofloxacin resistance in clinical Escherichia coli isolates collected from diseased pigs from the United States over 10 years (2006 to 2016). However, the genetic determinants responsible for this increase have yet to be determined. The aim of the present study was to identify and characterize the genetic basis of resistance against fluoroquinolones (enrofloxacin) and extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ceftiofur) in swine E. coli isolates using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). blaCMY-2 (carried by IncA/C2, IncI1, and IncI2 plasmids), blaCTX-M (carried by IncF, IncHI2, and IncN plasmids), and blaSHV-12 (carried by IncHI2 plasmids) genes were present in 87 (82.1%), 19 (17.9%), and 3 (2.83%) of the 106 ceftiofur-resistant isolates, respectively. Of the 110 enrofloxacin-resistant isolates, 90 (81.8%) had chromosomal mutations in gyrA, gyrB, parA, and parC genes. Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes [qnrB77, qnrB2, qnrS1, qnrS2, and aac-(6)-lb′-cr] borne on ColE, IncQ2, IncN, IncF, and IncHI2 plasmids were present in 24 (21.8%) of the enrofloxacin-resistant isolates. Virulent IncF plasmids present in swine E. coli isolates were highly similar to epidemic plasmids identified globally. High-risk E. coli clones, such as ST744, ST457, ST131, ST69, ST10, ST73, ST410, ST12, ST127, ST167, ST58, ST88, ST617, ST23, etc., were also found in the U.S. swine population. Additionally, the colistin resistance gene (mcr-9) was present in several isolates. This study adds valuable information regarding resistance to critical antimicrobials with implications for both animal and human health. IMPORTANCE Understanding the genetic mechanisms conferring resistance is critical to design informed control and preventive measures, particularly when involving critically important antimicrobial classes such as extended-spectrum cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. The genetic determinants of extended-spectrum cephalosporin and fluoroquinolone resistance were highly diverse, with multiple plasmids, insertion sequences, and genes playing key roles in mediating resistance in swine Escherichia coli. Plasmids assembled in this study are known to be disseminated globally in both human and animal populations and environmental samples, and E. coli in pigs might be part of a global reservoir of key antimicrobial resistance (AMR) elements. Virulent plasmids found in this study have been shown to confer fitness advantages to pathogenic E. coli strains. The presence of international, high-risk zoonotic clones provides worrisome evidence that resistance in swine isolates may have indirect public health implications, and the swine population as a reservoir for these high-risk clones should be continuously monitored.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Resistance to Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporins in Clinical Escherichia coli Isolates from Companion Animals in the United States

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 5666-5675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashar W. Shaheen ◽  
Rajesh Nayak ◽  
Steven L. Foley ◽  
Ohgew Kweon ◽  
Joanna Deck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Regulatory Region ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
The United States ◽  
Conjugative Plasmid ◽  
Chromosomal Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum

ABSTRACTResistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC) among members of the familyEnterobacteriaceaeoccurs worldwide; however, little is known about ESC resistance inEscherichia colistrains from companion animals. Clinical isolates ofE. coliwere collected from veterinary diagnostic laboratories throughout the United States from 2008 to 2009.E. coliisolates (n= 54) with reduced susceptibility to ceftazidime or cefotaxime (MIC ≥ 16 μg/ml) and extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL) phenotypes were analyzed. PCR and sequencing were used to detect mutations in ESBL-encoding genes and the regulatory region of the chromosomal geneampC. Conjugation experiments and plasmid identification were conducted to examine the transferability of resistance to ESCs. All isolates carried theblaCTX-M-1-group β-lactamase genes in addition to one or more of the following β-lactamase genes:blaTEM,blaSHV-3,blaCMY-2,blaCTX-M-14-like, andblaOXA-1.DifferentblaTEMsequence variants were detected in some isolates (n= 40). Three isolates harbored ablaTEM-181gene with a novel mutation resulting in an Ala184Val substitution. Approximately 78% of the isolates had mutations in promoter/attenuator regions of the chromosomal geneampC, one of which was a novel insertion of adenine between bases −28 and −29. Plasmids ranging in size from 11 to 233 kbp were detected in the isolates, with a common plasmid size of 93 kbp identified in 60% of isolates. Plasmid-mediated transfer of β-lactamase genes increased the MICs (≥16-fold) of ESCs for transconjugants. Replicon typing among isolates revealed the predominance of IncI and IncFIA plasmids, followed by IncFIB plasmids. This study shows the emergence of conjugative plasmid-borne ESBLs amongE. colistrains from companion animals in the United States, which may compromise the effective therapeutic use of ESCs in veterinary medicine.

Comparison of Plasmids Coharboring 16S rRNA Methylase and Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Genes among Escherichia coli Isolates from Pets and Poultry

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 2018-2023 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIAO-PING LIAO ◽  
BAO-TAO LIU ◽  
QIU-E YANG ◽  
JIAN SUN ◽  
LIANG LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Clonal Relatedness ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
16S Rrna Methylase ◽  
M 14

A total of 247 Escherichia coli isolates (148 from diseased or dead poultry and 99 from diseased pets in the People's Republic of China) were screened for extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) determinants by PCR and sequencing. Then, 16S rRNA methylase genes were detected among ESBL-producing isolates. Clonal relatedness of the E. coli isolates was examined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Conjugation experiments were performed to investigate the association of 16S rRNA methylases and ESBLs, and plasmid contents were also characterized. Among 247 E. coli isolates, 74 (29.96%) isolates were positive for blaCTX-M genes, 42 from pets (12 from cats and 30 from dogs) and 32 from poultry (12 from chickens and 20 from ducks). The most common CTX-M type in isolates from pets was blaCTX-M-14, whereas blaCTX-M-27 was the most common for poultry. rmtB was dectected in 39 of the 74 blaCTX-M-positive isolates, 18 from pets and 21 from poultry. One strain from a pet was found to harbor blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-15, and rmtB. blaCTX-M and rmtB were found to be colocated on the same transferable plasmid in 16 isolates. These genes were on the same or similar plasmids (eight F2:A-:B- and two IncN) in isolates from ducks, whereas they were colocated on the similar F2:A-:B- or similar F33:A-:B- plasmids in isolates of pets origin. In conclusion, similar F2:A-:B-plasmids and similar F33:A-:B- plasmids are responsible for the dissemination of both rmtB and blaCTX-M genes in E. coli isolates from poultry and pets, respectively.

scholarly journals Community-Associated Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase–Producing Escherichia coli Infection in the United States

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 641-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohei Doi ◽  
Yoon Soo Park ◽  
Jesabel I. Rivera ◽  
Jennifer M. Adams-Haduch ◽  
Ameet Hingwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
The United States ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Escherichia Coli Infection

scholarly journals The Pandemic H30 Subclone of Sequence Type 131 (ST131) as the Leading Cause of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Infections in the United States (2011–2012)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Johnson ◽  
Stephen Porter ◽  
Paul Thuras ◽  
Mariana Castanheira
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Specimen Type ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Abstract Background Extraintestinal Escherichia coli infections are increasingly challenging due to emerging antimicrobial resistance, including resistance to extended-spectrum beta-lactams and fluoroquinolones. Sequence type 131 (ST131) is a leading contributor. Methods Three hundred sixty E. coli clinical isolates from across the United States (2011–2012), selected randomly from the SENTRY collection within 3 resistance categories (extended-spectrum cephalosporin [ECS]–reduced susceptibility [RS]; fluoroquinolone-resistant, ESC-susceptible; and fluoroquinolone-susceptible, ESC-susceptible) were typed for phylogroup, sequence type complex (STc), subsets thereof, virulence genotype, O type, and beta-lactamase genes. Molecular results were compared with susceptibility profile, specimen type, age, and sex. Results Phylogroup B2 accounted for most isolates, especially fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates (83%). Group B2–derived ST131 and its H30 subclone (divided between H30Rx and H30R1) predominated, especially among ESC-RS and fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates. In contrast, among fluoroquinolone-susceptible isolates, group B2–derived STc73 and STc95 predominated. Within each resistance category, ST131 isolates exhibited more extensive resistance and/or virulence profiles than non-ST131 isolates. ST131-H30 was distributed broadly by geographical region, age, and specimen type and exhibited distinctive beta-lactamase genes. Back-calculations indicated that within the source population ST131 accounted for 26.4% of isolates overall (vs 17% in 2007), including 19.8% ST131-H30, 13.2% ST131-H30R1, and 6.6% each ST131-H30Rx and non-H30 ST131. Conclusions ST131-H30, with its ESC resistance-associated H30Rx subset, caused most antimicrobial-resistant E. coli infections across the United States in 2011–2012 and, since 2007, increased in relative prevalence by >50%. Focused attention to this strain could help combat the current E. coli resistance epidemic.

scholarly journals First Detection of CTX-M and SHV Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases in Escherichia coli Urinary Tract Isolates from Dogs and Cats in the United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 3489-3492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra O'Keefe ◽  
Tabitha A. Hutton ◽  
Dieter M. Schifferli ◽  
Shelley C. Rankin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
M 14

ABSTRACT One hundred fifty canine and feline Escherichia coli isolates associated with urinary tract infections were screened for the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes. Out of 60 isolates suspected to be ESBL positive based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing, 11 ESBLs were identified, including one SHV-12 gene, one CTX-M-14 gene, and nine CTX-M-15 genes. This study provides the first report of CTX-M- and SHV-type ESBLs in dogs and cats in the United States.

scholarly journals Molecular Features of Community-Associated Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Strains in the United States

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 6953-6957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fupin Hu ◽  
Jessica A. O'Hara ◽  
Jesabel I. Rivera ◽  
Yohei Doi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Sequence Types ◽  
Replicon Type

ABSTRACTWe characterized 30 community-associated extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producingEscherichia coliisolates collected from five hospitals in the United States. Nineteen sequence types were identified. All sequence type 131 (ST131) isolates had thefimH30 allele. IncFII-FIA-FIB was the most common replicon type among theblaCTX-M-carrying plasmids, followed by IncFII-FIA and IncA/C. Restriction analysis of the IncFII-FIA-FIB and IncFII-FIA plasmids yielded related profiles for plasmids originating from different hospitals. The plasmids containingblaCTX-MorblaSHVwere stably maintained after serial passages.

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