scholarly journals Novel Apramycin Resistance GeneapmAin Bovine and Porcine Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusST398 Isolates

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 373-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea T. Feßler ◽  
Kristina Kadlec ◽  
Stefan Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Resistance Plasmid ◽  
Mrsa St398

ABSTRACTA novel apramycin resistance gene,apmA, was detected on the ca.-40-kb resistance plasmid pAFS11 from bovine methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) of sequence type 398 (ST398). TheapmAgene coded for a protein of 274 amino acids that was related only distantly to acetyltransferases involved in chloramphenicol or streptogramin A resistance. NsiI deletion ofapmAresulted in a 16- to 32-fold decrease in the apramycin MICs. AnapmA-specific PCR identified this gene in one additional bovine and four porcine MRSA ST398 isolates.

Whole-Genome Analysis of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Sequence Type 398 Strains Isolated From Patients With Bacteremia in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 221 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S220-S228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbin Chen ◽  
Yuyao Yin ◽  
Xiaohua Li ◽  
Shuguang Li ◽  
Hua Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Whole Genome Analysis ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
Type V ◽  
Mrsa St398

Abstract Sequence type (ST) 398 is the most prevalent clone of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). To evaluate the molecular characteristics and phylogeny of Chinese ST398 isolates, 4 MRSA ST398 strains and 4 methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) ST398 strains were collected from patients with bacteremia at 6 teaching hospitals in China between 1999 and 2016. Moreover, 689 ST398 genome sequences were downloaded from the GenBank database for comparison. The 4 MRSA ST398 strains were resistant to β-lactam antibiotics, and 2 strains were also resistant to erythromycin. Among the 4 MSSA ST398 strains, 2 strains displayed multidrug resistance (MDR) and were resistant to penicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, and gentamicin. The accessory genome of MSSA ST398 was more diverse than that of MRSA ST398. All 4 MRSA ST398 strains carried type V staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec elements; however, MSSA ST398 carried more resistance genes than MRSA ST398. These 4 MRSA ST398 strains carried hemolysin, along with virulence genes associated with immune invasion and protease. Phylogenic analysis showed that the 4 MRSA ST398 strains clustered in 1 clade. The global ST398 phylogeny showed that ST398 was divided into an animal clade and a human clade, and the ST398 strains of this study clustered in the human clade. A small number of human strains were also present in the animal clade and vice versa, suggesting transmission of ST398 between animals and humans. In conclusion, livestock-associated MRSA ST398 has caused severe infections in Chinese hospitals, and it should therefore be paid more attention to and monitored.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequences of 14 Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Sequence Type 398 Isolates from Swine Farms in the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (44) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha J. Hau ◽  
Darrell O. Bayles ◽  
David P. Alt ◽  
Timothy S. Frana ◽  
Tracy L. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mrsa St398

ABSTRACT Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) is a bacterium carried by or obtained from swine and other livestock. The initial and predominant swine-associated LA-MRSA sequence type (ST) identified is ST398. Here, we present 14 draft genome sequences from LA-MRSA ST398 isolates found in the United States.

scholarly journals Identification of a Plasmid-Borne Resistance Gene Cluster Comprising the Resistance Genes erm(T), dfrK, and tet(L) in a Porcine Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 Strain

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 915-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Kadlec ◽  
Stefan Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Resistance Gene Cluster

ABSTRACT A novel plasmid-borne resistance gene cluster comprising the genes erm(T) for macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance, dfrK for trimethoprim resistance, and tet(L) for tetracycline resistance was identified in a porcine methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus sequence type 398 (ST398) strain. This erm(T)-dfrK-tet(L) region was flanked by copies of the novel IS element ISSau10. The erm(T) region resembled that of Streptococcus pyogenes plasmid pRW35. The erm(T) gene of pKKS25 was expressed constitutively due to a 57-bp deletion in the erm(T) translational attenuator.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Sequence Type 398 Isolated from Swine in the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (32) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha J. Hau ◽  
Darrell O. Bayles ◽  
David P. Alt ◽  
Timothy S. Frana ◽  
Tracy L. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mrsa St398

ABSTRACT Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonizes and causes disease in many animal species. Livestock-associated MRSA (LA-MRSA) isolates are represented by isolates of the sequence type 398 (ST398). These isolates are considered to be livestock adapted. This report provides the complete genome sequence of one swine-associated LA-MRSA ST398 isolate from the United States.

scholarly journals Local and Transboundary Transmissions of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Sequence Type 398 through Pig Trading

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Pirolo ◽  
Raphael N. Sieber ◽  
Arshnee Moodley ◽  
Daniela Visaggio ◽  
Irene Artuso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Genetic Lineage ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pig Farming ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Mrsa St398

ABSTRACT Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus sequence type (ST) 398 (LA-MRSA ST398) is a genetic lineage for which pigs are regarded as the main reservoir. An increasing prevalence of LA-MRSA ST398 has been reported in areas with high livestock density throughout Europe. In this study, we investigated the drivers contributing to the introduction and spread of LA-MRSA ST398 through the pig farming system in southern Italy. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of LA-MRSA ST398 isolates collected in 2018 from pigs (n = 53) and employees (n = 14) from 10 farms in the Calabria region of Italy were comparatively analyzed with previously published WGS data from Italian ST398 isolates (n = 45), an international ST398 reference collection (n = 89), and isolates from Danish pig farms (n = 283), which are the main suppliers of pigs imported to Italy. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were used to infer isolate relatedness, and these data were used together with data from animal trading to identify factors contributing to LA-MRSA ST398 dissemination. The analyses support the existence of two concurrent pathways for the spread of LA-MRSA ST398 in southern Italy: (i) multiple introductions of LA-MRSA ST398 through the import of colonized pigs from other European countries, including Denmark and France, and (ii) the spread of distinct clones dependent on local trading of pigs between farms. Phylogenetically related Italian and Danish LA-MRSA ST398 isolates shared extensive similarities, including carriage of antimicrobial resistance genes. Our findings highlight the potential risk of transboundary transmission of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial clones with a high zoonotic potential during import of pigs from countries with high LA-MRSA prevalence. IMPORTANCE Over the past decade, livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus sequence type 398 (LA-MRSA ST398) has spread among pig holdings throughout Europe, in parallel with the increased incidence of infections among humans, especially in intensive pig farming regions. Despite the growing prevalence of LA-MRSA ST398 in Italian pig farms, the transmission dynamics of this clone in Italy remains unclear. This work provides genome-based evidence to suggest transboundary LA-MRSA ST398 transmission through trading of colonized pigs between European countries and Italy, as well as between farms in the same Italian region. Our findings show that both international trading and local trading of colonized pigs are important factors contributing to the global spread of LA-MRSA ST398 and underscore the need for control measures on and off the farm to reduce the dissemination of this zoonotic pathogen.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of the Multidrug Resistance Gene cfr in a Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-Positive Sequence Type 8 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus IVa (USA300) Isolate

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 4978-4984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna C. Shore ◽  
Orla M. Brennan ◽  
Ralf Ehricht ◽  
Stefan Monecke ◽  
Stefan Schwarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Conjugative Plasmid ◽  
Positive Sequence ◽  
Transposase Gene ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Valentine Leukocidin

ABSTRACT The staphylococcal cfr gene mediates resistance to phenicols, lincosamides, oxazolidinones, pleuromutilins, and streptogramin A, a phenotype that has been termed PhLOPSA. The cfr gene has mainly been associated with coagulase-negative staphylococcal isolates from animals, and only a few cfr-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates have been described so far. This study reports the first description of a cfr-positive MRSA isolate (M05/0060) belonging to the pandemic Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-positive sequence type 8 MRSA IVa/USA300 (ST8-MRSA-IVa/USA300) clone. The cfr gene was detected in M05/0060 using a DNA microarray which was used to screen PVL-positive MRSA isolates for the presence of virulence genes, typing markers, and antimicrobial resistance genes. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that M05/0060 exhibited the cfr-associated resistance phenotype. Molecular analysis identified the presence of cfr and a second phenicol resistance gene, fexA, on a novel 45-kb conjugative plasmid, which was designated pSCFS7. Within pSCFS7, a DNA segment consisting of cfr, a truncated copy of insertion sequence IS21-558, and a region with homology to the DNA invertase gene bin3 of transposon Tn552 from Bacillus mycoides was integrated into the transposase gene tnpB of the fexA-carrying transposon Tn558. The emergence of a multidrug-resistant cfr-positive variant of ST8-MRSA-IVa/USA300 is alarming and requires ongoing surveillance. Moreover, the identification of a novel conjugative plasmid carrying the cfr gene indicates the ability of cfr to spread to other MRSA strains.

scholarly journals Zinc Resistance within Swine-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in the United States Is Associated with Multilocus Sequence Type Lineage

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha J. Hau ◽  
Timothy Frana ◽  
Jisun Sun ◽  
Peter R. Davies ◽  
Tracy L. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Genetic Lineage ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Potential Link ◽  
Swine Population ◽  
Zinc Resistance ◽  
Mrsa St398 ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACT Zinc resistance in livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) sequence type 398 (ST398) is primarily mediated by the czrC gene colocated with the mecA gene, encoding methicillin resistance, within the type V staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) element. Because czrC and mecA are located within the same mobile genetic element, it has been suggested that the use of zinc in feed as an antidiarrheal agent has the potential to contribute to the emergence and spread of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in swine, through increased selection pressure to maintain the SCCmec element in isolates obtained from pigs. In this study, we report the prevalence of the czrC gene and phenotypic zinc resistance in U.S. swine-associated LA-MRSA ST5 isolates, MRSA ST5 isolates from humans with no swine contact, and U.S. swine-associated LA-MRSA ST398 isolates. We demonstrated that the prevalence of zinc resistance in U.S. swine-associated LA-MRSA ST5 isolates was significantly lower than the prevalence of zinc resistance in MRSA ST5 isolates from humans with no swine contact and swine-associated LA-MRSA ST398 isolates, as well as prevalences from previous reports describing zinc resistance in other LA-MRSA ST398 isolates. Collectively, our data suggest that selection pressure associated with zinc supplementation in feed is unlikely to have played a significant role in the emergence of LA-MRSA ST5 in the U.S. swine population. Additionally, our data indicate that zinc resistance is associated with the multilocus sequence type lineage, suggesting a potential link between the genetic lineage and the carriage of resistance determinants. IMPORTANCE Our data suggest that coselection thought to be associated with the use of zinc in feed as an antimicrobial agent is not playing a role in the emergence of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) ST5 in the U.S. swine population. Additionally, our data indicate that zinc resistance is more associated with the multilocus sequence type lineage, suggesting a potential link between the genetic lineage and the carriage of resistance markers. This information is important for public health professionals, veterinarians, producers, and consumers.

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