scholarly journals Posaconazole Combined with Amphotericin B, an Effective Therapy for a Murine Disseminated Infection Caused by Rhizopus oryzae

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 3786-3788 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mar Rodríguez ◽  
Carolina Serena ◽  
Marçal Mariné ◽  
F. Javier Pastor ◽  
Josep Guarro
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Rhizopus Oryzae ◽  
Effective Therapy ◽  
Prolonged Survival ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Disseminated Infection ◽  
Tissue Burden

ABSTRACT In a murine model of disseminated zygomycosis, low doses of amphotericin B (0.3 mg/kg body weight/day) combined with posaconazole (40 mg/kg/day) prolonged survival and reduced tissue burden with respect to that of controls and that of both drugs administered alone. Results were similar to those obtained with amphotericin B given alone at 0.8 mg/kg/day.

scholarly journals Liposomal Amphotericin B, and Not Amphotericin B Deoxycholate, Improves Survival of Diabetic Mice Infected with Rhizopus oryzae

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 3343-3344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf S. Ibrahim ◽  
Valentina Avanessian ◽  
Brad Spellberg ◽  
John E. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Liposomal Amphotericin ◽  
Rhizopus Oryzae ◽  
Liposomal Amphotericin B ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Amphotericin B Deoxycholate

ABSTRACT The efficacies of liposomal amphotericin B (LAmB) and amphotericin B deoxycholate (AmB) were compared in a diabetic murine model of hematogenously disseminated Rhizopus oryzae infection. At 7.5 mg/kg of body weight twice a day (b.i.d.), LAmB significantly improved overall survival compared to the rates of survival in both untreated control mice (P = 0.001) and mice treated with 0.5 mg of AmB per kg b.i.d. (P = 0.047). These data indicate that high-dose LAmB is more effective than AmB in treating murine disseminated zygomycosis.

scholarly journals Activities of Flucytosine, Fluconazole, Amphotericin B, and Micafungin in a Murine Model of Disseminated Infection by Candida glabrata

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 4757-4759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marçal Mariné ◽  
Carolina Serena ◽  
Belkys Fernández-Torres ◽  
F. Javier Pastor ◽  
Josep Guarro
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Disseminated Infection ◽  
Tissue Burden

ABSTRACT We compared the efficacies of amphotericin B, fluconazole, flucytosine, and micafungin in a systemic murine infection by three isolates of Candida glabrata. Amphotericin B showed the best results, although none of the drugs dramatically reduced mortality or tissue burden in liver or spleen.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Triazoles in a Murine Disseminated Infection by Candida krusei

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 3585-3588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marçal Mariné ◽  
F. Javier Pastor ◽  
Carolina Serena ◽  
Josep Guarro
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Liposomal Amphotericin ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Prolonged Survival ◽  
Liposomal Amphotericin B ◽  
Disseminated Infection ◽  
Tissue Burden ◽  
Fungal Tissue

ABSTRACT We evaluated the efficacies of posaconazole and voriconazole in comparison with that of amphotericin B in a systemic murine infection by Candida krusei. Posaconazole at 50 mg/kg/day and voriconazole at 40 and 60 mg/kg/day prolonged survival and reduced the fungal tissue burden in the kidneys of mice similarly to amphotericin B at 1.5 mg/kg/day and liposomal amphotericin B at 10 mg/kg/day. None of the treatments tested completely resolved the infection.

scholarly journals Antifungal Therapy in a Murine Model of Disseminated Infection by Cryptococcus gattii

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 4074-4077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Calvo ◽  
F. Javier Pastor ◽  
M. Mar Rodríguez ◽  
Isabel Pujol ◽  
Josep Guarro
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Cryptococcus Gattii ◽  
Pulmonary Cryptococcosis ◽  
Fungistatic Activity ◽  
Fungal Load ◽  
Tissue Burden

ABSTRACT We have evaluated the efficacy of posaconazole (PSC), voriconazole (VRC), and amphotericin B (AMB) in a murine model of systemic infection by Cryptococcus gattii using immunocompromised animals and three clinical strains of the fungus. AMB was the most effective drug in prolonging the survival of mice and also in reducing tissue burden in all organs tested. To a lesser degree, VRC at 60 mg/kg of body weight in lung tissue and PSC at 40 mg/kg also in spleen demonstrated good efficacy in reducing the fungal load. The PSC and VRC levels in serum and brain tissue, determined by an agar diffusion bioassay method at 4 h after the last dose of the therapy, were above the corresponding MIC values. However, these drugs were not able to reduce the fungal load in brain tissue. Our results demonstrated that PSC and, to a lesser degree, VRC, have fungistatic activity and potential for the treatment of human pulmonary cryptococcosis.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Amphotericin B at Suboptimal Dose Combined with Voriconazole in a Murine Model of Aspergillus fumigatus Infection with PoorIn VivoResponse to the Azole

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 4540-4542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Sandoval-Denis ◽  
F. Javier Pastor ◽  
Javier Capilla ◽  
Josep Guarro
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Disseminated Infection ◽  
Suboptimal Dose ◽  
Tissue Burden

ABSTRACTThe combination of amphotericin B at a suboptimal dose (0.3 mg/kg) with voriconazole has shown efficacy in prolonging survival and reducing tissue burden in a murine model of disseminated infection by an isolate ofAspergillus fumigatusthat had showed a poorin vivoresponse to the azole. The efficacy of the combined treatment was higher than that obtained with amphotericin B at 0.8 mg/kg.

scholarly journals Efficacy of nikkomycin Z against experimental pulmonary blastomycosis.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 2026-2028 ◽  
Author(s):  
K V Clemons ◽  
D A Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Prolonged Survival ◽  
Blastomyces Dermatitidis ◽  
Good Activity ◽  
Synthetase Inhibitor ◽  
Chitin Synthetase ◽  
Nikkomycin Z

Nikkomycin Z is a chitin synthetase inhibitor. In vitro, nikkomycin Z had good activity against Blastomyces dermatitidis, with an MIC of 0.78 microg/ml and a minimal fungicidal concentration of 3.1 microg/ml. The efficacies of various treatment durations (3, 5, or 10 days) and doses (200, 400, or 1,000 mg/kg of body weight) of nikkomycin Z given twice daily were compared with those of itraconazole at 200 mg/kg given twice daily and amphotericin B at 6.25 mg/kg in a murine model of pulmonary blastomycosis. All treatments prolonged survival compared with untreated controls (P < 0.05 to 0.01); 100% survival was achieved with 5 or 10 days of any nikkomycin Z dose or with amphotericin B. Amphotericin B and nikkomycin Z, but not itraconazole, reduced infection compared with controls. Amphotericin B and the 10-day regimens of all nikkomycin Z doses were equivalent and superior to itraconazole or nikkomycin Z for < or = 5 days at any dose (P < 0.05 to 0.01). Increased duration and/or dosage improved the efficacy of nikkomycin Z, with 10 days of each dose curing 50 to 90% of the animals. Only a 1,000-mg/kg/day dose of nikkomycin Z was curative when treatment lasted less than 10 days. In contrast, itraconazole cured no mice, while amphotericin B cured all mice. Based on the total amount of drug given, amphotericin B was estimated to be 32 times as active as nikkomycin Z and nikkomycin Z was estimated to be 3 times as active as itraconazole. Overall, nikkomycin Z given orally was well tolerated, had good activity against blastomycosis, and could result in biological cure, thus producing results equivalent to those of parenteral amphotericin B.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Micafungin in Combination with Other Drugs in a Murine Model of Disseminated Trichosporonosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 497-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Serena ◽  
F. Javier Pastor ◽  
Félix Gilgado ◽  
Emilio Mayayo ◽  
Josep Guarro
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Trichosporon Asahii ◽  
Fungal Burden ◽  
Disseminated Infection

ABSTRACT Using a murine model of disseminated infection caused by Trichosporon asahii, we have evaluated the efficacies of amphotericin B (AMB; 1 mg/kg of body weight/day), fluconazole (FLC; 20 mg/kg/twice a day), and micafungin (MFG; 5 mg/kg/twice a day). We tested these drugs alone and in combination (MFG with AMB and MFG with FLC). MFG with AMB showed a synergistic effect and demonstrated a higher degree of efficacy in prolonging survival and reducing the kidney fungal burden than either agent alone. The combination MFG with FLC was able to reduce significantly the kidney fungal burden in comparison to that achieved with either drug administered alone.

scholarly journals In VivoSynergy of Amphotericin B plus Posaconazole in Murine Aspergillosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 296-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adela Martin-Vicente ◽  
Javier Capilla ◽  
Josep Guarro
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tissue Burden

ABSTRACTAspergillus fumigatusis the main mold causing invasive fungal infection that shows high mortality rates. Therapeutic failure and the increase in drug resistance make it necessary to explore alternative treatments for this infection. We have evaluated the efficacy of amphotericin B at 0.8 mg/kg or 0.3 mg/kg of body weight combined with 40 mg/kg of posaconazole against threeA. fumigatusisolates in a murine model of disseminated infection. The combination of the polyene and the azole led to a greater increase in survival and a significantly greater reduction in tissue burden than monotherapies.

scholarly journals Interactions between Triazoles and Amphotericin B in Treatment of Disseminated Murine Infection by Fusarium oxysporum

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1705-1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mery Ruíz-Cendoya ◽  
Marçal Mariné ◽  
M. M. Rodríguez ◽  
Josep Guarro
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Disseminated Infection ◽  
High Doses

ABSTRACT We have evaluated and compared the efficacies of high doses of amphotericin B (AMB; 3 mg/kg of body weight/day), voriconazole (60 mg/kg), and posaconazole (PSC; 100 mg/kg) alone and combined in a murine model of disseminated infection by Fusarium oxysporum. The combination of AMB with PSC showed the best results, prolonging the survival of mice and reducing their organ fungal loads. This combination might constitute a therapeutic option for those infections where monotherapies fail.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Posaconazole in Murine Experimental Sporotrichosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 2273-2277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiola Fernández-Silva ◽  
Javier Capilla ◽  
Emilio Mayayo ◽  
Josep Guarro
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Sporothrix Schenckii ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Good Efficacy ◽  
Sporothrix Brasiliensis ◽  
Tissue Burden

ABSTRACTWe developed a murine model of systemic sporotrichosis by using three strains of each of the two commonest species causing sporotrichosis, i.e.,Sporothrix schenckiisensu stricto andSporothrix brasiliensis, in order to evaluate the efficacy of posaconazole (PSC). The drug was administered at a dose of 2.5 or 5 mg/kg of body weight twice a day by gavage, and one group was treated with amphotericin B (AMB) as a control treatment. Posaconazole, especially at 5 mg/kg, showed good efficacy against all the strains tested, regardless of their MICs, as measured by prolonged survival, tissue burden reduction, and histopathology.

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