scholarly journals Inhibition of Biofilm Formation by Esomeprazole in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 4360-4364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandana Singh ◽  
Vaneet Arora ◽  
M. Jahangir Alam ◽  
Kevin W. Garey
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

ABSTRACTStaphylococcus aureusandPseudomonas aeruginosaare common nosocomial pathogens responsible for biofilm-associated infections. Proton pump inhibitors (PPI), such as esomeprazole, may have novel antimicrobial properties. The objective of this study was to assess whether esomeprazole prevents sessile bacterial growth and biofilm formation and whether it may have synergistic killing effects with standard antibiotics. The antibiofilm activity of esomeprazole at 0.25 mM was tested against two strains each ofS. aureusandP. aeruginosa. Bacterial biofilms were prepared using a commercially available 96-peg-plate Calgary biofilm device. Sessile bacterial CFU counts and biomass were assessed during 72 hours of esomeprazole exposure. The killing activities after an additional 24 hours of vancomycin (againstS. aureus) and meropenem (againstP. aeruginosa) treatment with or without preexposure to esomeprazole were also assessed by CFU and biomass analyses.P. aeruginosaandS. aureusstrains exposed to esomeprazole displayed decreased sessile bacterial growth and biomass (P< 0.001, each parameter). After 72 h of exposure, there was a 1-log10decrease in the CFU/ml of esomeprazole-exposedP. aeruginosaandS. aureusstrains compared to controls (P< 0.001). After 72 h of exposure, measured absorbance was 100% greater inP. aeruginosacontrol strains than in esomeprazole-exposed strains (P< 0.001). Increased killing and decreased biomass were observed for esomeprazole-treated bacteria compared to untreated controls exposed to conventional antibiotics (P< 0.001, each parameter). Reduced biofilm growth after 24 h was visibly apparent by light micrographs forP. aeruginosaandS. aureusisolates exposed to esomeprazole compared to untreated controls. In conclusion, esomeprazole demonstrated an antibiofilm effect against biofilm-producingS. aureusandP. aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Exopolysaccharide-Repressing Small Molecules with Antibiofilm and Antivirulence Activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik van Tilburg Bernardes ◽  
Laetitia Charron-Mazenod ◽  
David J. Reading ◽  
Shauna L. Reckseidler-Zenteno ◽  
Shawn Lewenza
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Flow Chamber ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Throughput Gene Expression

ABSTRACT Biofilm formation is a universal virulence strategy in which bacteria grow in dense microbial communities enmeshed within a polymeric extracellular matrix that protects them from antibiotic exposure and the immune system. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an archetypal biofilm-forming organism that utilizes a biofilm growth strategy to cause chronic lung infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. The extracellular matrix of P. aeruginosa biofilms is comprised mainly of exopolysaccharides (EPS) and DNA. Both mucoid and nonmucoid isolates of P. aeruginosa produce the Pel and Psl EPS, each of which have important roles in antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, and immune evasion. Given the central importance of the EPS for biofilms, they are attractive targets for novel anti-infective compounds. In this study, we used a high-throughput gene expression screen to identify compounds that repress expression of the pel genes. The pel repressors demonstrated antibiofilm activity against microplate and flow chamber biofilms formed by wild-type and hyperbiofilm-forming strains. To determine the potential role of EPS in virulence, pel/psl mutants were shown to have reduced virulence in feeding behavior and slow killing virulence assays in Caenorhabditis elegans. The antibiofilm molecules also reduced P. aeruginosa PAO1 virulence in the nematode slow killing model. Importantly, the combination of antibiotics and antibiofilm compounds increased killing of P. aeruginosa biofilms. These small molecules represent a novel anti-infective strategy for the possible treatment of chronic P. aeruginosa infections.

scholarly journals Tryptophan Inhibits Biofilm Formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 1921-1925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth S. Brandenburg ◽  
Karien J. Rodriguez ◽  
Jonathan F. McAnulty ◽  
Christopher J. Murphy ◽  
Nicholas L. Abbott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Equimolar Ratio ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Swimming Motility

ABSTRACTBiofilm formation byPseudomonas aeruginosahas been implicated in the pathology of chronic wounds. Both thedandlisoforms of tryptophan inhibitedP. aeruginosabiofilm formation on tissue culture plates, with an equimolar ratio ofdandlisoforms producing the greatest inhibitory effect. Addition ofd-/l-tryptophan to existing biofilms inhibited further biofilm growth and caused partial biofilm disassembly. Tryptophan significantly increased swimming motility, which may be responsible in part for diminished biofilm formation byP. aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Oral Administration of the Broad-Spectrum Antibiofilm Compound Toremifene Inhibits Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm FormationIn Vivo

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 7606-7610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaat De Cremer ◽  
Nicolas Delattin ◽  
Katrijn De Brucker ◽  
Annelies Peeters ◽  
Soña Kucharíková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

ABSTRACTWe here report on thein vitroactivity of toremifene to inhibit biofilm formation of different fungal and bacterial pathogens, includingCandida albicans,Candida glabrata,Candida dubliniensis,Candida krusei,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Staphylococcus aureus, andStaphylococcus epidermidis. We validated thein vivoefficacy of orally administered toremifene againstC. albicans and S. aureusbiofilm formation in a rat subcutaneous catheter model. Combined, our results demonstrate the potential of toremifene as a broad-spectrum oral antibiofilm compound.

scholarly journals Uji efek antibakteri daun mangrove Rhizophora apiculata terhadap bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Staphylococcus aureus

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivi P. Santoso ◽  
Jimmy Posangi ◽  
Henoch Awaloei ◽  
Robert Bara
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Tissue Systems ◽  
Bacterial Growth Inhibition ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Abstract: Endophytic Fungi are microorganisms that live in the plant tissue systems such as seeds, leaves, flowers, twigs, stems, and roots. Endophytic fungi used in this study was isolated from Mangrove Rhizophora apiculata leaves. R. apiculata is widely grown in coastal areas. This study aimed to determine whether there was an antibacterial effect of endophytic fungi that was isolated from leaves of Rhizophora apiculata against the sample bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. This study was conducted in the Pharmacology and Therapeutics Laboratory of Sam Ratulangi University by using experimental methods. The results showed two types of fungi, tusky white endophytic fungi and white filamentous endophytic fungi, isolated from Mangrove Rhizophora apiculata leaves. Both types of fungi showed the presence of bacterial growth inhibition, but the white filamentous endophytic fungi had greater antibacterial effect than the tusky white endophytic fungi.Keywords: endophytic fungi, antibacterial, rhizophora apiculata leavesAbstrak: Jamur endofit merupakan mikroorganisme yang hidup di dalam sistem jaringan tumbuhan seperti biji, daun, bunga, ranting, batang, dan akar. Jamur endofit yang digunakan pada penelitian ini merupakan hasil isolasi dari daun mangrove Rhizophora apiculata. Tanaman mangrove R.apiculata ini banyak tumbuh di kawasan pesisir pantai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat efek antibakteri jamur endofit yang diisolasi dari daun Rhizophora apiculata terhadap bakteri uji Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Staphylococcus aureus. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Farmakologi dan Terapi Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado dengan menggunakan metode eksperimental. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan dua jenis jamur yaitu jamur endofit berwarna putih gading dan jamur endofit berwarna putih berserabut yang diisolasi dari daun mangrove Rhizophora apiculata. Kedua jenis jamur menunjukan adanya daya hambat pertumbuhan kedua bakteri uji, namun jamur endofit berwarna putih berserabut memiliki efek antibakteri lebih besar dari pada jamur endofit berwarna putih gading.Kata kunci: jamur endofit, antibakteri, daun rhizophora apiculata

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Potential of Sea Anemone (Stichodactyla haddoni)-Isolated Vibrio (V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus), and Pseudoalteromonas (P. gelatinilytica and P. piscicida) Against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neda Fazeli ◽  
Akram Sadat Naeemi ◽  
Seyed Amir Hossein Jalali ◽  
Hojjatollah Zamani
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Sea Anemone ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Microtiter Plates ◽  
Protease Enzyme ◽  
Molecular Identification Methods ◽  
Stichodactyla Haddoni

Background: Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are important human bacterial pathogens, which are resistant to several antibiotics. One of the main causes of their resistance is the ability of biofilm formation. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of the extracts of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus, Pseudoalteromonas gelatinilytica, and Pseudoalteromonas piscicida isolated from sea anemone (Stichodactyla haddoni) against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Methods: Four isolated bacteria were identified using biochemical and molecular identification methods, and their extracts were obtained by mixing the cell-free supernatants from their old broth culture using ethyl acetate and methanol as the solvents. The agar well-diffusion and micro-dilution methods were also applied to determine the antibacterial activity, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracts. The ability of the extracts to inhibit biofilm formation and disrupt the preformed biofilm of the pathogens was attained through crystal violet staining in 96-well microtiter plates. To determine the nature of the extracts, they were exposed to protease enzyme, and the antibiofilm activity was compared with the untreated extracts. Results: The extracts of the four isolated bacteria inhibited bacterial growth and biofilm formation and disrupted the preformed biofilm of S. aureus (MIC = BIC = 600 µg/mL) and P. aeruginosa (MIC = BIC = 300 µg/mL). In addition, the active compounds of the extracts with antibiofilm activities were mainly proteases. Conclusions: According to the results, V. parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus, P. gelatinilytica, and P. piscicida had antibacterial and antibiofilm potential against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, and their extract could also be further analyzed as an alternative to antibiotics.

scholarly journals Plant Derived Natural Products against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus: Antibiofilm Activity and Molecular Mechanisms

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 5024
Author(s):  
Francesca Guzzo ◽  
Monica Scognamiglio ◽  
Antonio Fiorentino ◽  
Elisabetta Buommino ◽  
Brigida D’Abrosca
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Bacteria are social organisms able to build complex structures, such as biofilms, that are highly organized surface-associated communities of microorganisms, encased within a self- produced extracellular matrix. Biofilm is commonly associated with many health problems since its formation increases resistance to antibiotics and antimicrobial agents, as in the case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, two human pathogens causing major concern. P. aeruginosa is responsible for severe nosocomial infections, the most frequent of which is ventilator-associated pneumonia, while S. aureus causes several problems, like skin infections, septic arthritis, and endocarditis, to name just a few. Literature data suggest that natural products from plants, bacteria, fungi, and marine organisms have proven to be effective as anti-biofilm agents, inhibiting the formation of the polymer matrix, suppressing cell adhesion and attachment, and decreasing the virulence factors’ production, thereby blocking the quorum sensing network. Here, we focus on plant derived chemicals, and provide an updated literature review on the anti-biofilm properties of terpenes, flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds. Moreover, whenever information is available, we also report the mechanisms of action.

Antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of the bacteriocin-producing strain Leuconostoc mesenteroides CHBY46 isolated from Algerian dromedary milk against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus biofilms

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-131
Author(s):  
Yahia Bellil ◽  
Zineb Benmechernene ◽  
Wassila Chahrour Bellil ◽  
Mebrouk Kihal
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Biofilm Inhibition ◽  
Staph Aureus ◽  
Spoilage Bacteria ◽  
Dromedary Milk ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

In order to control biofilm formation of pathogenic and spoilage bacteria in foods, some species of Leuconostoc are very important in food industries, as they increase the shelf life of foods during preservation. In this study the strain CHBY46 a bacteriocin-producing strain belonging to Leuconostoc ge-nus isolated from dromedary milk in the south of Algeria was characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and MALDITOF MS mass spectrometry, tested for its antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The produced bacteriocin was partially puri-fied with sulfate ammonium precipitation and RP-HPLC. The strain CHBY46 was classified as Leuc. mesenteroides after molecular identification. Among the bacteria tested the pathogens Staph. aureus ATCC 29213 and Ps. aeru-ginosa ATCC 27653 were sensitive to this bacteriocin with 480 AU/ml. Antibi-ofilm activity was investigated by crystal violet assay. The bacteriocin of Leuc. mesenteroides CHBY 46 exhibited significant biofilm inhibition ; 35.58% with Ps. aeruginosa, and 42.11% with Staph. aureus. Tricine-SDS-PAGE analysis of the partially purified bacteriocin indicated a low molecular weight of approximately 3.5 kDa. Therfore, we conclude that bacteriocins from Leuco-nostoc have the potential as a therapeutic strategy against pathogen’s bio-films, which contribute, to bacterial pathogenicity and resistance toward antibiotics or being used in foods as adjunsts to contribute food safety.

scholarly journals Tannic Acid Inhibits Staphylococcus aureus Surface Colonization in an IsaA-Dependent Manner

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 496-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Payne ◽  
Nicholas R. Martin ◽  
Katherine R. Parzych ◽  
Alex H. Rickard ◽  
Adam Underwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Surface Colonization ◽  
Biofilm Development ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACTStaphylococcus aureusis a human commensal and pathogen that is capable of forming biofilms on a variety of host tissues and implanted medical devices. Biofilm-associated infections resist antimicrobial chemotherapy and attack from the host immune system, making these infections particularly difficult to treat. In order to gain insight into environmental conditions that influenceS. aureusbiofilm development, we screened a library of small molecules for the ability to inhibitS. aureusbiofilm formation. This led to the finding that the polyphenolic compound tannic acid inhibitsS. aureusbiofilm formation in multiple biofilm models without inhibiting bacterial growth. We present evidence that tannic acid inhibitsS. aureusbiofilm formation via a mechanism dependent upon the putative transglycosylase IsaA. Tannic acid did not inhibit biofilm formation of anisaAmutant. Overexpression of wild-type IsaA inhibited biofilm formation, whereas overexpression of a catalytically dead IsaA had no effect. Tannin-containing drinks like tea have been found to reduce methicillin-resistantS. aureusnasal colonization. We found that black tea inhibitedS. aureusbiofilm development and that anisaAmutant resisted this inhibition. Antibiofilm activity was eliminated from tea when milk was added to precipitate the tannic acid. Finally, we developed a rodent model forS. aureusthroat colonization and found that tea consumption reducedS. aureusthroat colonization via anisaA-dependent mechanism. These findings provide insight into a molecular mechanism by which commonly consumed polyphenolic compounds, such as tannins, influenceS. aureussurface colonization.

In Vitro Determination of the Antimicrobial Properties of Two Cyanoacrylate Preparations

1975 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 500-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary N. Blum ◽  
William A. Nolte ◽  
Paul B. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Plate Technique ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Isobutyl and trifluoro cyanoacrylates showed varying degrees of inhibition for Lactobacillus casei and Staphylococcus aureus when tested by the spread plate technique. Candida albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were resistant. The results tend to support the view that inhibition of growth was due to the vapor effect and not the diffusibility of the cyanoacrylates.

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