scholarly journals Genetic Characteristics and Clonal Dissemination of β-Lactamase-Negative Ampicillin-Resistant Haemophilus influenzae Strains Isolated from the Upper Respiratory Tract of Patients in Japan

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 3969-3976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muneki Hotomi ◽  
Keiji Fujihara ◽  
Dewan S. Billal ◽  
Kenji Suzuki ◽  
Tadao Nishimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Group I ◽  
Dna Restriction ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Upper Respiratory

ABSTRACT We evaluated the recent prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant Haemophilus influenzae isolated from the upper respiratory tracts (URT) of patients in Japan. Mutations in the ftsI gene, which encodes penicillin binding protein 3 (PBP3), and the clonal dissemination of the resistant strains were also investigated. A total of 264 H. influenzae isolates were collected from patients with URT infections. According to the criteria of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute for the susceptibility of H. influenzae to ampicillin (AMP), the isolates were distributed as follows: 161 (61.0%) susceptible strains (MIC ≤ 1 μg/ml), 37 (14.0%) intermediately resistant strains (MIC = 2 μg/ml), and 66 (25.0%) resistant strains (MIC ≥ 4 μg/ml). According to PCR-based genotyping, 172 (65.1%) of the isolates had mutations in the ftsI gene and were negative for the β-lactamase (bla) gene. These 172 isolates were thus defined as genetically β-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant (gBLNAR) strains. The ftsI mutant group included 98 (37.1%) strains with group I/II mutations in the variable mutated region (group I/II gBLNAR) and 74 (28.0%) strains with group III mutations in the highly mutated region (group III gBLNAR). Eighty-seven (33.0%) of the isolates were genetically β-lactamase-negative ampicillin-susceptible (gBLNAS) strains. The group III gBLNAR strains showed resistance to β-lactams. Only five strains (1.9%) were positive for a bla gene encoding TEM-type β-lactamase. The three clusters consisting of 16 strains found among the 61 BLNAR strains (MIC ≥ 4 μg/ml and without the bla gene) showed identical or closely related DNA restriction fragment patterns. Those isolates were frequently identified among strains with a MIC to AMP of 16 μg/ml. The current study demonstrates the apparent dissemination and spread of a resistant clone of H. influenzae among medical centers in Japan. The gBLNAR strains show a remarkable prevalence among H. influenzae isolates, with the prevalence increasing with time. This fact should be taken into account when treating URT infections.

scholarly journals Association of Amino Acid Substitutions in Penicillin-Binding Protein 3 with β-Lactam Resistance in β-Lactamase-Negative Ampicillin-Resistant Haemophilus influenzae

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1693-1699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimiko Ubukata ◽  
Yumi Shibasaki ◽  
Kentarou Yamamoto ◽  
Naoko Chiba ◽  
Keiko Hasegawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Substitutions ◽  
Penicillin Binding Protein ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Peptidoglycan Synthesis ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Group I

ABSTRACT The affinity of [3H]benzylpenicillin for penicillin-binding protein (PBP) 3A was reduced in 25 clinical isolates of β-lactamase-negative ampicillin (AMP)-resistant (BLNAR)Haemophilus influenzae for which the AMP MIC was ≥1.0 μg/ml. The affinities of PBP 3B and PBP 4 were also reduced in some strains. The sequences of the ftsI gene encoding the transpeptidase domain of PBP 3A and/or PBP 3B and of thedacB gene encoding PBP 4 were determined for these strains and compared to those of AMP-susceptible Rd strains. The BLNAR strains were classified into three groups on the basis of deduced amino acid substitutions in the ftsI gene, which is thought to be involved in septal peptidoglycan synthesis. His-517, near the conserved Lys-Thr-Gly (KTG) motif, was substituted for Arg-517 in group I strains (n = 9), and Lys-526 was substituted for Asn-526 in group II strains (n = 12). In group III strains (n = 4), three residues (Met-377, Ser-385, and Leu-389), positioned near the conserved Ser-Ser-Asn (SSN) motif, were replaced with Ile, Thr, and Phe, respectively, in addition to the replacement with Lys-526. The MICs of cephem antibiotics with relatively high affinities for PBP 3A and PBP 3B were higher than those of AMP and meropenem for group III strains. The MICs of β-lactams forH. influenzae transformants into which the ftsIgene from BLNAR strains was introduced were as high as those for the donors, and PBP 3A and PBP 3B showed decreased affinities for β-lactams. There was no clear relationship between 7-bp deletions in the dacB gene and AMP susceptibility. Even though mutations in another gene(s) may be involved in β-lactam resistance, these data indicate that mutations in the ftsI gene are the most important for development of resistance to β-lactams in BLNAR strains.

Is There an Increased Risk of Haemophilus influenzae Septicemia in Children with Sickle Cell Anemia?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 927-931
Author(s):  
Darleen Powars ◽  
Gary Overturf ◽  
Ernest Turner
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Febrile Child ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Pneumococcal Infections ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Upper Respiratory

The risk of Haemophilus influenzae septicemia/meningitis to children who have sickle cell anemia (SS) has been determined to be greater than that seen among normal infants. Of ten bacteriologically proven cases, eight episodes of infection were observed among 234 children with sickle cell anemia (645 person-years), who were less than 5 years of age. There was one case per 69 infants with sickle cell anemia who were less than 18 months old and one case per 36 children with sickle cell anemia between 19 and 59 months of age. Unexpectedly, two infections occurred among 224 children (824 person-years), aged 5 to 9 years; both died. Contrary to the rapid clinical course of pneumococcal infections in children with sickle cell anemia H influenzae septicemia was regularly heralded by a greater than 24-hour prodrome of upper respiratory tract infection, low-grade fever, and otitis media. Three (30%) preventable deaths occurred. Antibiotic therapy for the febrile child with sickle cell anemia must be predicated on the known 400-fold increased risk of pneumococcal septicemia in those less than 5 years old and the fourfold risk of H influenzae septicemia in those less than 9 years of age.

scholarly journals Biofilm Biology and Vaccine Strategies for Otitis Media Due to Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 069-078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Novotny ◽  
Kenneth Brockman ◽  
Elaine Mokrzan ◽  
Joseph Jurcisek ◽  
Lauren Bakaletz
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Physical Defenses ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Recurrent Nature ◽  
Gain Access

AbstractOtitis media (OM) is one of the most common diseases of childhood, and nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) is the predominant causative agent of chronic and recurrent OM, as well as OM for which treatment has failed. Moreover, NTHI is now as important a causative agent of acute OM as the pneumococcus. NTHI colonizes the human nasopharynx asymptomatically. However, upon perturbation of the innate and physical defenses of the airway by upper respiratory tract viral infection, NTHI can replicate, ascend the Eustachian tube, gain access to the normally sterile middle ear space, and cause disease. Bacterial biofilms within the middle ear, including those formed by NTHI, contribute to the chronic and recurrent nature of this disease. These multicomponent structures are highly resistant to clearance by host defenses and elimination by traditional antimicrobial therapies. Herein, we review several strategies utilized by NTHI to persist within the human host and interventions currently under investigation to prevent and/or resolve NTHI-induced diseases of the middle ear and uppermost airway.

scholarly journals Haemophilus influenzae Pyomyositis in a Patient with Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Unique Case and Review of Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamolyut Lapumnuaypol ◽  
Sanna Fatima ◽  
Pradhum Ram ◽  
Gemlyn George ◽  
Antoinette Climaco
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
Negative Bacillus ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tract Infections

Haemophilus influenzae is a Gram-negative bacillus commonly known to cause upper respiratory tract infections. Skin and soft tissue infections are very uncommon. Of these, the majority were associated with necrotizing fasciitis requiring emergent debridement. We report a case of pyomyositis caused by Haemophilus influenzae in an adult with diabetes.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Markers for Interactions AmongStreptococcus pneumoniae,Haemophilus influenzae, andStaphylococcus aureusin Upper Respiratory Tract Carriage

2015 ◽  
Vol 213 (10) ◽  
pp. 1596-1605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Lewnard ◽  
Noga Givon-Lavi ◽  
Amit Huppert ◽  
Melinda M. Pettigrew ◽  
Gili Regev-Yochay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Epidemiological Markers
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