Fat tissue on the march: secular trend of body circumferences and skinfold thicknesses in Slovenia over the 70 years period

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Robič Pikel
Keyword(s):  
Secular Trend ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Body Circumferences

scholarly journals Budowa i proporcje ciała warszawskiej młodzieży gimnazjalnej

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-103
Author(s):  
Joanna Grzelak ◽  
Joanna Nieczuja-Dwojacka ◽  
Anna Siniarska ◽  
Ewa Samul
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Trunk Length ◽  
Body Build ◽  
High School Grades ◽  
Questionnaire Form ◽  
Body Circumferences

The aim of the study was to assess changes in body build of young Warsaw pupils during the last 14 years and coming from different living conditions and lifestyle. The material comprised youth attending high school (177 individuals) aged 14-16 years. The questionnaire form included parents' education, the number of: family members, offspring, rooms, daily meals; smoking habits of parents; assessment of physical activity and stress at home, school, and high school grades. Measurements included: height and weight, upper and lower extremity length, trunk length, arm, chest, waist and hip circumferences, three subcutaneous fat folds. BMI and WHR were calculated. The living conditions were reduced by principal component analysis to three factors (family size, living conditions, environmental stress). Regression analysis showed the relation of 3 factors to body build. The current youth were characterized by greater: weight, BMI, fat tissue, trunk length and body circumferences than their coevals 14 years before. In more numerous families youth had greater trunk length. In worse living conditions they were characterized by shorter legs and more fat tissue on arm. In stress conditions youth presented greater hip circumference.

Desynchronosis markers in risk assessment of metabolic syndrome development

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Bobko ◽  
O. V. Tikhomirova ◽  
N. N. Zybina ◽  
O. A. Klitsenko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Diurnal Dynamics ◽  
Laboratory Markers ◽  
Dyscirculatory Encephalopathy ◽  
Melatonin Production ◽  
Pai 1 ◽  
Logistic Regression Equation

The objective of the study is to show significance of desynchronosis laboratory markers in risk assessment of metabolic syndrome (MS) development. Materials and Methods. There were examined 98 men, aged 43-88, diagnosed with dyscirculatory encephalopathy showing one and more risk factors for development of cardiovascular diseases. They were divided into 2 groups according to the international guidelines of 2009: with MS (n = 61) and without MS (n = 37). Parameters of fats, glucose metabolism, inflammatory mediators, fat tissue metabolism markers, melatonin metabolite excretion (6-sulfatoxymelatonin) were defined in blood serum and urine. Results. The article presents data on changes in leptin, adiponectin, PAI-1, testosterone production and 6-sulfatoxymela-tonin excretion in patients with MS. There are calculated threshold values of these markers definitely increasing MS risk and logistic regression equation which allows assessing MS risk for an individual patient. Conclusion. Detected disorders of melatonin synthesis diurnal dynamics in patients with MS and interconnection between melatonin production and adiponectin, leptin, PAI-1, testosterone synthesis allow considering these parameters as desynchronosis markers significant for MS development.

Twenty-Year Secular Trend of Diabetes Comorbidities in the United States, 1997-2016

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1555-P
Author(s):  
DIANJIANYI SUN ◽  
TAO ZHOU ◽  
XIANG LI ◽  
YORIKO HEIANZA ◽  
XIAOYUN SHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Secular Trend ◽  
The United States

A Study of Fat Tissue Used in Vocal Fold Injection Augmentation

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-190
Author(s):  
E. Tamura ◽  
S. Niimi ◽  
S. Kanou ◽  
Y. Wada ◽  
M. Iida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Vocal Fold Injection

scholarly journals Recent genetic advances on boar taint reduction as an alternative to castration: a review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darlene Ana Souza Duarte ◽  
Martine Schroyen ◽  
Rodrigo Reis Mota ◽  
Sylvie Vanderick ◽  
Nicolas Gengler
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Boar Taint ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Reproduction Traits ◽  
Unpleasant Odor ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Pig Meat ◽  
Or Genes ◽  
Synthesis And Degradation

AbstractBoar taint is an unpleasant odor in male pig meat, mainly caused by androstenone, skatole, and indole, which are deposited in the fat tissue. Piglet castration is the most common practice to prevent boar taint. However, castration is likely to be banished in a few years due to animal welfare concerns. Alternatives to castration, such as genetic selection, have been assessed. Androstenone and skatole have moderate to high heritability, which makes it feasible to select against these compounds. This review presents the latest results obtained on genetic selection against boar taint, on correlation with other traits, on differences in breeds, and on candidate genes related to boar taint. QTLs for androstenone and skatole have been reported mainly on chromosomes 6, 7, and 14. These chromosomes were reported to contain genes responsible for synthesis and degradation of androstenone and skatole. A myriad of work has been done to find markers or genes that can be used to select animals with lower boar taint. The selection against boar taint could decrease performance of some reproduction traits. However, a favorable response on production traits has been observed by selecting against boar taint. Selection results have shown that it is possible to reduce boar taint in few generations. In addition, modifications in diet and environment conditions could be associated with genetic selection to reduce boar taint. Nevertheless, costs to measure and select against boar taint should be rewarded with incentives from the market; otherwise, it would be difficult to implement genetic selection.

scholarly journals A simple culture method of fat cells from mature fat tissue fragments.

1989 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1987-1995
Author(s):  
H Sugihara ◽  
S Funatsumaru ◽  
N Yonemitsu ◽  
S Miyabara ◽  
S Toda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Method ◽  
Fat Cells ◽  
Fat Tissue

scholarly journals A novel body circumferences-based estimation of percentage body fat

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 (6) ◽  
pp. 720-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yair Lahav ◽  
Yoram Epstein ◽  
Ron Kedem ◽  
Haggai Schermann
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reliable Estimate ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Health Club ◽  
Body Circumferences

AbstractAnthropometric measures of body composition are often used for rapid and cost-effective estimation of percentage body fat (%BF) in field research, serial measurements and screening. Our aim was to develop a validated estimate of %BF for the general population, based on simple body circumferences measures. The study cohort consisted of two consecutive samples of health club members, designated as ‘development’ (n 476, 61 % men, 39 % women) and ‘validation’ (n 224, 50 % men, 50 % women) groups. All subjects underwent anthropometric measurements as part of their registration to a health club. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan was used as the ‘gold standard’ estimate of %BF. Linear regressions where used to construct the predictive equation (%BFcal). Bland–Altman statistics, Lin concordance coefficients and percentage of subjects falling within 5 % of %BF estimate by DEXA were used to evaluate accuracy and precision of the equation. The variance inflation factor was used to check multicollinearity. Two distinct equations were developed for men and women: %BFcal (men)=10·1−0·239H+0·8A−0·5N; %BFcal (women)=19·2−0·239H+0·8A−0·5N (H, height; A, abdomen; N, neck, all in cm). Bland–Altman differences were randomly distributed and showed no fixed bias. Lin concordance coefficients of %BFcal were 0·89 in men and 0·86 in women. About 79·5 % of %BF predictions in both sexes were within ±5 % of the DEXA value. The Durnin–Womersley skinfolds equation was less accurate in our study group for prediction of %BF than %BFcal. We conclude that %BFcal offers the advantage of obtaining a reliable estimate of %BF from simple measurements that require no sophisticated tools and only a minimal prior training and experience.

scholarly journals Overexpression of Replication-Dependent Histone Signifies a Subset of Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma with Increased Aggressiveness

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3122
Author(s):  
Yongjin Yoo ◽  
Sang-Yoon Park ◽  
Eun Byeol Jo ◽  
Minji Choi ◽  
Kyo Won Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copy Number ◽  
Fold Change ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Whole Exome ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Genetic Signatures ◽  
Subtype Differences

Liposarcoma (LPS) is an adult soft tissue malignancy that arises from fat tissue, where well-differentiated (WD) and dedifferentiated (DD) forms are the most common. DDLPS represents the progression of WDLPS into a more aggressive high-grade and metastatic form. Although a few DNA copy-number amplifications are known to be specifically found in WD- or DDLPS, systematic genetic differences that signify subtype determination between WDLPS and DDLPS remain unclear. Here, we profiled the genome and transcriptome of 38 LPS tumors to uncover the genetic signatures of subtype differences. Replication-dependent histone (RD-HIST) mRNAs were highly elevated and their regulation was disrupted in a subset of DDLPS, increasing cellular histone molecule levels, as measured using RNA-seq (the averaged fold change of 53 RD-HIST genes between the DD and WD samples was 10.9) and immunohistochemistry. The change was not observed in normal tissues. Integrated whole-exome sequencing, RNA-seq, and methylation analyses revealed that the overexpressed HMGA2 (the fold change between DD and WD samples was 7.3) was responsible for the increased RD-HIST level, leading to aberrant cell proliferation. Therefore, HMGA2-mediated elevation of RD-HISTs were crucial events in determining the aggressiveness of DDLPS, which may serve as a biomarker for prognosis prediction for liposarcoma patients.

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