External skeletal robusticity of children and adolescents – European references from birth to adulthood and international comparisons

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekka Mumm ◽  
Elena Godina ◽  
Slawomir Koziel ◽  
Martin Musalek ◽  
Petr Sedlak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Skeletal Robusticity

scholarly journals Estimation of percentage of body fat in field studies – a method based on relative elbow breadth (Frame Index) and BMI

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekka Mumm ◽  
Anna Reimann ◽  
Christiane Scheffler
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skeletal Robusticity

Background Over the last 20 years, a decreasing trend in external skeletal robusticity and an increasing trend in overweight and obesity was observed worldwide in adults and children as modern lifestyles in nutritional and activity behavior have changed. However, body mass index (BMI) as a measure for overweight is not an ideal predictor of % body fat (%BF) either in children and adolescents or in adults. On the contrary, it disguises a phenomenon called “hidden obesity”. Objectives We aim to approximate %BF by combining skeletal robusticity and BMI and develop an estimation-based tool to identify normal weight obese children and adolescents. Sample and Methods We analyzed cross-sectional data on height, weight, elbow breadth, and skinfold thickness (triceps and subscapular) of German children aged 6 to 18 years (N=15,034). We used modified Hattori charts and multiple linear regression to develop a tool, the “%BF estimator”, to estimate %BF by using BMI and skeletal robusticity measured as Frame Index. Results Independent of sex and age an increase in BMI is associated with an increase in %BF, an increase in Frame Index is associated with a decrease in %BF. The developed tool “%BF estimator” allows the estimation of %BF per sex and age group after calculation of BMI and Frame Index. Conclusion The “%BF estimator” is an easily applicable tool for the estimation of %BF in respect of body composition for clinical practice, screening, and public health research. It is non-invasive and has high accuracy. Further, it allows the identification of normal weight obese children and adolescents.

National Standards of Blood Pressure for Children and Adolescents in Spain: International Comparisons

1992 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 478-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAFAEL GABRIEL SÁNCHEZ ◽  
DARWIN R LABARTHE ◽  
RONALD N FORTHOFER ◽  
ARTURO FERNANDEZ-CRUZ
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
National Standards

Blood pressure references for children and adolescents in Germany and international comparisons

2010 ◽  
Vol 72 (08/09) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Neuhauser ◽  
M Thamm ◽  
U Ellert ◽  
A Schaffrath Rosario
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
International Comparisons

scholarly journals 2018 Chilean Physical Activity Report Card for Children and Adolescents: Full Report and International Comparisons

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 807-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Aguilar-Farias ◽  
Sebastian Miranda-Marquez ◽  
Pia Martino-Fuentealba ◽  
Kabir P. Sadarangani ◽  
Damian Chandia-Poblete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Work Group ◽  
Research Work ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Report Card ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Positive Side ◽  
Public Data

Background: The study summarizes the findings of the 2018 Chilean Report Card (RC) on Physical Activity (PA) for Children and Adolescents and compares the results with the first Chilean RC and with other countries from the Global Matrix 3.0. Methods: A Research Work Group using a standardized methodology from the Global Matrix 3.0 awarded grades for 13 PA-related indicators based on the percentage of compliance for defined benchmarks. Different public data sets, government reports, and papers informed the indicators. Results: The grades assigned were for (1) “behaviors that contribute to overall PA levels”: overall PA, D−; organized sport participation, D−; active play, INC; and active transportation, F; (2) “factors associated with cardiometabolic risk”: sedentary behavior, C−; overweight and obesity, F; fitness, D; sleep, INC; and (3) “factors that influence PA”: family and peers, F; school, D; inclusion, INC; community and built environment, B; government strategies and investments, B−. Conclusions: Chile’s grades remained low compared with the first RC. On the positive side, Chile is advancing in environmental and policy aspects. Our findings indicate that the implementation of new strategies should be developed through collaboration between different sectors to maximize effective investments for increasing PA and decreasing sedentary time among children and adolescents in Chile.

Analyzing the Potential Benefit of Microcomputer Use for Teaching Figurative Language

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn A. Nippold ◽  
Ilsa E. Schwarz ◽  
Molly Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Standardized Tests ◽  
Figurative Language ◽  
Language Intervention ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Language Learning Disabilities ◽  
Promising Application ◽  
Experience Difficulty

Microcomputers offer the potential for increasing the effectiveness of language intervention for school-age children and adolescents who have language-learning disabilities. One promising application is in the treatment of students who experience difficulty comprehending figurative expressions, an aspect of language that occurs frequently in both spoken and written contexts. Although software is available to teach figurative language to children and adolescents, it is our feeling that improvements are needed in the existing programs. Software should be reviewed carefully before it is used with students, just as standardized tests and other clinical and educational materials are routinely scrutinized before use. In this article, four microcomputer programs are described and evaluated. Suggestions are then offered for the development of new types of software to teach figurative language.

Re-examination of incisal tooth wear in children and adolescents

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 405-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. SILNESS ◽  
M. BERGE ◽  
G JOHANNESSEN
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Tooth Wear
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