scholarly journals Nano-acoustic resonator with ultralong phonon lifetime

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 370 (6518) ◽  
pp. 840-843
Author(s):  
Gregory S. MacCabe ◽  
Hengjiang Ren ◽  
Jie Luo ◽  
Justin D. Cohen ◽  
Hengyun Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Noise ◽  
Microwave Frequency ◽  
Coherence Time ◽  
Acoustic Resonator ◽  
Nanoscale Structures ◽  
Acoustic Cavity ◽  
Collapse Models ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Phonon Lifetime ◽  
Millikelvin Temperatures

The energy damping time in a mechanical resonator is critical to many precision metrology applications, such as timekeeping and force measurements. We present measurements of the phonon lifetime of a microwave-frequency, nanoscale silicon acoustic cavity incorporating a phononic bandgap acoustic shield. Using pulsed laser light to excite a colocalized optical mode of the cavity, we measured the internal acoustic modes with single-phonon sensitivity down to millikelvin temperatures, yielding a phonon lifetime of up to τph,0≈1.5 seconds (quality factor Q=5×1010) and a coherence time of τcoh,0≈130 microseconds for bandgap-shielded cavities. These acoustically engineered nanoscale structures provide a window into the material origins of quantum noise and have potential applications ranging from tests of various collapse models of quantum mechanics to miniature quantum memory elements in hybrid superconducting quantum circuits.

Self-Texture Control of ZnO Films Prepared by Reactive RF Magnetron Sputtering

2014 ◽  
Vol 605 ◽  
pp. 219-222
Author(s):  
Petr Novák ◽  
Pavol Šutta ◽  
M. Netrvalová ◽  
Jan Říha ◽  
Rostislav Medlín
Keyword(s):  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Crystal Surface ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Film Structure ◽  
Acoustic Resonator ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
Zno Films ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Horizontal Wave ◽  
Shear Horizontal

Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a wide bandgap semiconductor material which can be successfully used for wide variety of potential applications such as biosensors or acoustic resonator devices. ZnO normally crystallizes in the wurtzitestructure with c-axis (001) preferred orientation. However, for bio-sensing in liquids, it is necessary to generate a shear horizontal mode wave, where the wave displacement is within the plane of the crystal surface. For generation of such a shear horizontal wave, a-axis film textures such as the (110) or (100) is necessary. This work is focused on the preferred orientation control of ZnO film prepared by RF magnetron sputtering. It is found that preferred orientation can be controlled by substrate bias and substrate temperature during deposition without the use of expensive crystalline substrates. There are three areas of operating parameters when the structure of the ZnO films is dominated by different preferred orientation. Moreover, the film annealing was performed to enhance the film structure.

Preparation and Characterization of Piezoelectric Films of ZnO and AlN by RF Sputtering for RF MEMS Applications

2012 ◽  
Vol 500 ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhir Chandra ◽  
Atul Vir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Rf Mems ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Rf Sputtering ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Acoustic Resonator ◽  
Zno Films ◽  
Mems Devices ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Piezoelectric Films

In present work, we report preparation and characterization of piezoelectric films of zinc oxide (ZnO) and aluminum nitride (AlN) by RF magnetron sputtering using respective ceramic targets. The effect of ambient gas, substrate temperature, RF power and sputtering pressure has been studied to get highly c-axis oriented films for potential applications in micro-electromechanical systems. The films were characterized by X-ray diffraction technique to identify the crystallographic orientation. It was observed that the film deposited in pure Argon (Ar) ambient were amorphous or weekly crystallized with no preferred (002) orientation. On the other hand, the films prepared in Ar-O2 for ZnO were highly c-axis oriented. Similarly AlN films were observed to be oriented along c-axis perpendicular to substrate only when deposited in mixture of Ar-N2. To demonstrate the application of piezoelectric properties, an FBAR device (Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator) using ZnO thin film was fabricated. ZnO films are very sensitive to the chemicals used in the micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) fabrication processes which include acids, bases and etchants of different material layers (e.g. SiO2, chromium, gold etc.). A specially designed mechanical jig was used for physically protecting the film during Si anisotropic etching process in potassium hydroxide solution. The potential applications of these films in various RF MEMS devices have been discussed.

Multi-band polarization independent cylindrical metamaterial absorber and sensor application

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (08) ◽  
pp. 1650095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Furkan Dincer ◽  
Muharrem Karaaslan ◽  
Sule Colak ◽  
Erkan Tetik ◽  
Oguzhan Akgol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rotational Symmetry ◽  
Microwave Frequency ◽  
Defense Industry ◽  
Metamaterial Absorber ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Frequency Regime ◽  
Perfect Metamaterial Absorber ◽  
Multi Band

A multi-band perfect metamaterial absorber (MA) based on a cylindrical waveguide with polarization independency is numerically presented and investigated in detail. The proposed absorber has a very simple configuration, and it operates at flexible frequency ranges within the microwave frequency regime by simply tuning the dimensions of the structure. The maximum absorption values are obtained as 99.9%, 97.5%, 85.8%, 68.2% and 40.2% at the frequencies of 1.34 GHz, 2.15 GHz, 3.2 GHz, 4.31 GHz and 5.41 GHz, respectively. The numerical studies verify that the proposed model can provide multi-band perfect absorptions at wide polarization and incident angles due to its rotational symmetry feature. We have also realized sensor and parametric study applications in order to show additional features of the suggested model. The suggested MA enables myriad potential applications in medical technologies, sensors and in defense industry etc.

scholarly journals Quantum Probes for the Characterization of Nonlinear Media

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1353
Author(s):  
Alessandro Candeloro ◽  
Sholeh Razavian ◽  
Matteo Piccolini ◽  
Berihu Teklu ◽  
Stefano Olivares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Noise ◽  
Joint Estimation ◽  
Optical Technology ◽  
Nonlinear Media ◽  
Optical Media ◽  
Squeezed Vacuum ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Quantum Optical

Active optical media leading to interaction Hamiltonians of the form H=λ˜(a+a†)ζ represent a crucial resource for quantum optical technology. In this paper, we address the characterization of those nonlinear media using quantum probes, as opposed to semiclassical ones. In particular, we investigate how squeezed probes may improve individual and joint estimation of the nonlinear coupling λ˜ and of the nonlinearity order ζ. Upon using tools from quantum estimation, we show that: (i) the two parameters are compatible, i.e., the may be jointly estimated without additional quantum noise; (ii) the use of squeezed probes improves precision at fixed overall energy of the probe; (iii) for low energy probes, squeezed vacuum represent the most convenient choice, whereas for increasing energy an optimal squeezing fraction may be determined; (iv) using optimized quantum probes, the scaling of the corresponding precision with energy improves, both for individual and joint estimation of the two parameters, compared to semiclassical coherent probes. We conclude that quantum probes represent a resource to enhance precision in the characterization of nonlinear media, and foresee potential applications with current technology.

Coupling Superconducting Qubits to Electromagnetic and Piezomechanical Resonators

2020 ◽  
pp. 237-276
Author(s):  
Andrew N. Cleland
Keyword(s):  
Solid Mechanics ◽  
Microwave Frequency ◽  
Superconducting Qubits ◽  
Superconducting Qubit ◽  
Mechanical Resonators ◽  
Quantum Bits ◽  
Superconducting Circuits ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Phase Qubit

Quantum bits have been under intense development since the late 1990s, due to the discovery of a number of potential applications for engineered quantum systems to problems in computation or communication. As superconducting circuits provide a straightforward path to scaling up to large numbers of qubits and are exible in terms of their application to a range of different problems, This chapter focuses on the problem of coupling superconducting qubits to other systems, in particular to microwave frequency electromagnetic resonators as well as mechanical resonators. It begins by introducing the topics of piezoelectricity and its role in solid mechanics, then turns to a description of one flavour of superconducting qubit, the phase qubit. It then describes how the phase qubit can be used to control and measure a superconducting electromagnetic resonator, and concludes by describing how a phase qubit can also be used to control and measure a piezomechanical resonator.

Charging effects in Si quantum dots for Non Volatile Memories applications monitored by Electrostatic Force Microscopy

2003 ◽  
Vol 794 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Puglisi ◽  
G. Nicotra ◽  
S. Lombardo ◽  
C. Spinella ◽  
G. Ammendola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Oxide ◽  
Electrostatic Force ◽  
Chemical Vapour ◽  
Nanoscale Structures ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Si Nanocrystals ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
P Type ◽  
Mos Structures ◽  
Si Quantum Dots

ABSTRACTNanoscale structures have been recently proposed as charge storage nodes due to their potential applications for future nanoscale memory devices. Our approach is based on the idea of using Si nanodots as discrete floating gates. To experimentally investigate such potential, we have fabricated MOS structures with Si nanocrystals. The dots have been deposited onto an ultra-thin tunnel oxide by chemical vapour deposition, and then annealed at 1000 °C for 40 s, to crystallize all the dots. After deposition the dots have been covered by a CVD SiO2 layer, thus resulting in dots completely embedded in stoichiometric silicon oxide. The nanocrystal density and size have been studied by energy filtered TEM (EFTEM) analysis. An electrostatic force microscope has been used to locally inject the charge. By applying a relatively large tip voltage a few dots have been charged, and the shift in the tip phase has been monitored. The shift in the phase is attributed to the presence of the charge in the sample. A comparison between n and p type samples is also shown.

Implementation of a perfect metamaterial absorber into multi-functional sensor applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (15) ◽  
pp. 1750176 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Akgol ◽  
M. Karaaslan ◽  
E. Unal ◽  
C. Sabah
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Microwave Frequency ◽  
Metamaterial Absorber ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Perfect Metamaterial Absorber

Perfect metamaterial absorber (MA)-based sensor applications are presented and investigated in the microwave frequency range. It is also experimentally analyzed and tested to verify the behavior of the MA. Suggested perfect MA-based sensor has a simple configuration which introduces flexibility to sense the dielectric properties of a material and the pressure of the medium. The investigated applications include pressure and density sensing. Besides, numerical simulations verify that the suggested sensor achieves good sensing capabilities for both applications. The proposed perfect MA-based sensor variations enable many potential applications in medical or food technologies.

Nanophase Hardfacing New Possibilities for Functional Surfaces

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 870-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Reisgen ◽  
B. Balashov ◽  
L. Stein ◽  
C. Geffers
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Alloy Composition ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Corrosion And Wear ◽  
Secondary Importance ◽  
Nanoscale Structures ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Strength And Ductility

During the last years, materials science has focused more and more on the development of nanomaterials. Reasons for that are the enormous advantages these materials can offer for various applications as their special structure yields the improvement of the material properties, such as hardness, strength and ductility. However, the production of especially “massive” nanomaterials is quite complex. The present study demonstrates the possibility of producing iron- or chromium-based nanophase hardfaced coatings with a thickness of several millimetres by means of common arc welding methods (TIG, PTA). An appropriate alloy composition allows to control the structural properties of the solidifying weld metal. Specific variations of the alloying elements enable the realisation of a nanostructured solidification of the carbides and/or borides with cooling rates that are common for arc surfacing processes. In the hardfaced coatings phase dimensions of approximately 100-300 nm were achieved. Based on the results it is established that the influence of the surfacing parameters and of the coating thickness and thus the influence of the heat control on the nanostructuring process is, compared with the influence of the alloy composition, of secondary importance. Several tests showed that the generation of nanoscale structures in the hardfaced coatings allows the improvement of mechanical properties, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Potential applications for these types of hardfaced coatings lie, in particular, in the field of cutting tools that are exposed to corrosion and wear.

Nanoscale structures and materials from the self-assembly of polypeptides and DNA

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Bernal-Chanchavac ◽  
Md Al-Amin ◽  
Nicholas Stephanopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Biological Molecules ◽  
High Complexity ◽  
Functional Nanomaterials ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Nanoscale Structures ◽  
Supramolecular Motifs ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Proteins And Peptides

: The use of biological molecules with programmable self-assembly properties is an attractive route to functional nanomaterials. Proteins and peptides have been used extensively for these systems due to their biological relevance and large number of supramolecular motifs, but it is still difficult to build highly anisotropic and programmable nanostructures due to their high complexity. Oligonucleotides, by contrast, have the advantage of programmability and reliable assembly, but lack biological and chemical diversity. In this review, we discuss systems that merge protein or peptide self-assembly with the addressability of DNA. We outline the various self-assembly motifs used, the chemistry for linking polypeptides with DNA, and the resulting nanostructures that can be formed by the interplay of these two molecules. Finally, we close by suggesting some interesting future directions in hybrid polypeptide-DNA nanomaterials, and potential applications for these exciting hybrids.

Optically Actuated Carbon Nanocoils

NANO ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1850112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Wang ◽  
Lujun Pan ◽  
Chengwei Li ◽  
Jia Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Continuum Model ◽  
Microelectromechanical Systems ◽  
Optical Force ◽  
Nanoelectromechanical Systems ◽  
Optical Manipulation ◽  
Nanoscale Structures ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Constant Displacement ◽  
And Control

Optical manipulation on microscale and nanoscale structures opens up new possibilities for assembly and control of microelectromechanical systems and nanoelectromechanical systems. Static optical force induces constant displacement while changing optical force stimulates vibration of a microcantilever/nanocantilever. The vibratory behavior of a single carbon nanocoil cantilever under optical actuation is investigated. A fitting formula to describe the laser-induced vibration characteristics is deduced based on a classical continuum model, by which the resonance frequency of the carbon nanocoil can be determined directly and accurately. This optically actuated vibration method could be widely used in stimulating quasi-1D micro/nanorod-like materials, and has potential applications in micro-/nano-opto-electromechanical systems.

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