scholarly journals Natural hybridization reveals incompatible alleles that cause melanoma in swordtail fish

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 368 (6492) ◽  
pp. 731-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Powell ◽  
Mateo García-Olazábal ◽  
Mackenzie Keegan ◽  
Patrick Reilly ◽  
Kang Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Natural Hybridization ◽  
Reproductive Barriers ◽  
Natural Hybrid ◽  
Hybrid Incompatibility ◽  
Swordtail Fish ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Fish Hybrids ◽  
Incompatible Interactions

The establishment of reproductive barriers between populations can fuel the evolution of new species. A genetic framework for this process posits that “incompatible” interactions between genes can evolve that result in reduced survival or reproduction in hybrids. However, progress has been slow in identifying individual genes that underlie hybrid incompatibilities. We used a combination of approaches to map the genes that drive the development of an incompatibility that causes melanoma in swordtail fish hybrids. One of the genes involved in this incompatibility also causes melanoma in hybrids between distantly related species. Moreover, this melanoma reduces survival in the wild, likely because of progressive degradation of the fin. This work identifies genes underlying a vertebrate hybrid incompatibility and provides a glimpse into the action of these genes in natural hybrid populations.

scholarly journals Natural hybridization reveals incompatible alleles that cause melanoma in swordtail fish

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Powell ◽  
Mateo Garcia ◽  
Mackenzie Keegan ◽  
Patrick Reilly ◽  
Kang Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural Hybridization ◽  
Reproductive Barriers ◽  
Natural Hybrid ◽  
Hybrid Incompatibility ◽  
Swordtail Fish ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Foundational Work ◽  
Fish Hybrids ◽  
Incompatible Interactions

AbstractThe establishment of reproductive barriers between populations is the key process that fuels the evolution of new species. A genetic framework for this process was proposed over 80 years ago, which posits “incompatible” interactions between genes that result in reduced survival or reproduction in hybrids. Despite this foundational work, progress has been slow in identifying individual genes that underlie hybrid incompatibilities, with only a handful known to date. Here, we use a combination of approaches to precisely map the genes that drive the development of a melanoma incompatibility in swordtail fish hybrids. We find that one of the genes involved in this incompatibility also causes melanoma in hybrids between distantly related species. Moreover, we show that this melanoma reduces survival in the wild, likely due to progressive degradation of the fin. Together, this work represents only the second case where the genes underlying a vertebrate hybrid incompatibility have been identified and provides the first glimpse into the action of these genes in natural hybrid populations.One sentence summaryUsing a combination of mapping approaches, we identify interacting genes that lead to melanoma in hybrids and characterize their effects in natural hybrid populations.

scholarly journals A new natural hybrid of Broughtonia (Orchidaceae) from Cuba

Lankesteriana ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto Mújica ◽  
Elaine González ◽  
José L. Bocourt ◽  
Esther L. SantaCruz ◽  
J. M. Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
San Antonio ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Natural Hybridization ◽  
Floral Traits ◽  
Natural Hybrid ◽  
Single Specimen ◽  
Hybridization Event

At Cabo San Antonio (Guanahacabibes Peninsula), Cuba in 2004, a single specimen of Broughtonia ortgiesiana (Rchb.f.) Dressler, and a related species, Broughtonia cubensis (Lindl.) Cogn., were both observed in flower simultaneously. In 2006, fruits were observed on B. ortgiesiana, and nine years later (2015) we noted five young plants in anthesis that displayed floral characteristics common to both species. Given the time frame and the blend of floral traits, we conclude that these five plants are the result of a natural hybridization event between the two Broughtonia species the details of which are described here.

New orchid species (Orchidaceae) in the flora of Laos

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-40
Author(s):  
L. V. Averyanov ◽  
Khang Sinh Nguyen ◽  
T. V. Maisak ◽  
Hiep Tien Nguyen ◽  
N. L. Orlov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Regional Literature ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Two New Species

This paper continues the publication of new data obtained during field studies in remote and poorly studied regions of Laos in 2015–2018. It provides descriptions of two new species (Bulbophyllum brachyscapum Aver. and Sunipia saccata Aver.), emended descriptions of two previously published but insufficiently known species (Cleisostoma verrucosum Aver., Oberonia vesiculifera Aver.) and reports of eight species newly recorded in the flora of Laos (Biermannia calcarata Aver., Bulbophyllum farreri (W. W. Sm.) Seidenf., Didymoplexiella trichechus (J. J. Sm.) Garay, Eria eriopsidobulbon C. S. P. Parish et Rchb. fil., Habenaria ciliolaris Kraenzl., Liparis caudata Aver. et K. S. Nguyen, Odontochilus umbrosus (Aver.) Ormerod, and Porpax ustulata (C. S. P. Parish et Rchb. fil.) Rolfe). Appropriate citations of regional literature, colour illustrations, data on types and distribution, descriptions, etymology, as well as notes on taxonomy and related species are provided for the studied species.

A new species of the subgenus Scheloribates (Topobates) (Acari: Oribatida: Scheloribatidae) from Panama

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-283
Author(s):  
S.G. Ermilov
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Oribatid Mite ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Large Body Size ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

The oribatid mite subgenus Scheloribates (Topobates) Grandjean, 1958, is recorded from the Neotropical region for the first time. A new species of this subgenus is described from the leaf litter collected in Cayo Agua Island, Panama. Scheloribates (Topobates) panamaensis sp. nov. differs from its related species by the very large body size and presence of a strong ventrodistal process on the leg femora II–IV.

Hybrid Zones and the Genetic Architecture of a Barrier to Gene Flow Between Two Sunflower Species

Genetics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 713-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loren H Rieseberg ◽  
Jeannette Whitton ◽  
Keith Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Study ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Hybrid Zones ◽  
Reproductive Barriers ◽  
Natural Hybrid ◽  
Generation Times ◽  
Helianthus Petiolaris

Abstract Genetic analyses of reproductive barriers represent one of the few methods by which theories of speciation can be tested. However, genetic study is often restricted to model organisms that have short generation times and are easily propagated in the laboratory. Replicate hybrid zones with a diversity of recombinant genotypes of varying age offer increased resolution for genetic mapping experiments and expand the pool of organisms amenable to genetic study. Using 88 markers distributed across 17 chromosomes, we analyze the introgression of chromosomal segments of Helianthus petiolaris into H. annuus in three natural hybrid zones. Introgression was significantly reduced relative to neutral expectations for 26 chromosomal segments, suggesting that each segment contains one or more factors that contribute to isolation. Pollen sterility is significantly associated with 16 of these 26 segments, providing a straightforward explanation of why this subset of blocks is disadvantageous in hybrids. In addition, comparison of rates of introgression across colinear vs. rearranged chromosomes indicates that close to 50% of the barrier to introgression is due to chromosomal rearrangements. These results demonstrate the utility of hybrid zones for identifying factors contributing to isolation and verify the prediction of increased resolution relative to controlled crosses.

Two new species of Amphinemura (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from China

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2975 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
WEIHAI LI ◽  
DING YANG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Taxonomic Relationships ◽  
Two New Species

Two new species of the genus Amphinemura from Ningxia and Zhejiang, China are described: A. ningxiana sp. n. and A. tianmushana sp. n. Their taxonomic relationships with related species are discussed.

Revision of the Australian species of Agrotera Schrank (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae: Spilomelinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4362 (2) ◽  
pp. 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAI CHEN ◽  
MARIANNE HORAK ◽  
XICUI DU ◽  
DANDAN ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Two New Species

The genus Agrotera Schrank, 1802 is revised for Australia and the generic definition is refined based on the male genitalia. The genera Leucinodella Strand, 1918 stat. rev. with L. leucostola (Hampson, 1896) comb. nov., Nistra Walker, 1859 stat. rev. with N. coelatalis Walker, 1859 comb. rev., Sagariphora Meyrick, 1894 stat. rev. with S. magnificalis (Hampson, 1893) comb. nov., and Tetracona Meyrick, 1884 stat. rev. with T. amathealis (Walker, 1859) comb. rev. and T. pictalis Warren, 1896 comb. rev. are removed from synonymy with Agrotera, as they lack the synapomorphies of Agrotera. Two new species, Agrotera genuflexa sp. nov. from Northern Territory, Queensland and New South Wales, and A. longitabulata sp. nov. from Queensland, are described. The taxonomic status of the Australian species of Agrotera is discussed, and a key to all species, based on males, is provided. The adults and genitalia of the new species and some related species are figured. 

Grammothele hainanensis sp. nov. (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) and related species from Hainan, southern China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 255 (2) ◽  
pp. 160 ◽  
Author(s):  
FANG WU ◽  
LI-WEI ZHOU ◽  
XIAO-HONG JI ◽  
XUE-MEI TIAN ◽  
SHUANG-HUI HE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Pore Surface ◽  
Corticioid Fungi ◽  
Hyphal System ◽  
The Core ◽  
Phylogenetic Perspective ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Morphological Differences

Grammothele and Theleporus have a shallow pore surface, which makes them morphologically close to corticioid fungi. However, from a phylogenetic perspective, they are polyphyletic genera within the core polyporoid clade of the Polyporales. Eight specimens with a shallow pore surface from Hainan, southern China, were morphologically and phylogenetically studied. Among them, one was determined as Grammothele denticulata, four were identified as Theleporus membranaceus, and three are described as Grammothele hainanensis. G. hainanensis is characterized by the annual and resupinate basidiocarps with poroid to irpicoid hymenophore, a dimitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae and weakly dextrinoid skeletal hyphae, the presence of cystidioles, hyphal pegs and dendrohyphidia, and cylindrical, hyaline and thin-walled basidiospores. It is closely related to G. quercina in phylogeny. Morphologically, G. quercina differs in producing perennial basidiocarps with cream to pale greyish and larger pores. The morphological differences among the new species and other species were analyzed.

Pimpinella ibradiensis (Apiaceae), an unusual new species from Turkey

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 217 (2) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
İlker Çinbilgel ◽  
özkan Eren ◽  
Hayri Duman ◽  
Mustafa Gökceoğlu
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
The Other ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Closely Related Species

Pimpinella ibradiensis, an unusual new species found in the Toka Yayla (İbradı, Antalya) in southern Anatolia, is described and illustrated. Site conditions, synecology and conservation status of P. ibradiensis are considered. In light of the comparison with the other closely related four species, namely P. nephrophylla, P. flabellifolia, P. sintenisii and P. paucidentata, its similarity within the genus are discussed. P. ibradiensis is easly distinguished from its relatives by its white petals, presence of bracts and bracteoles, larger fruits (4–5.5 × 1–2 mm), and having serrulate basal leaves with 60–95 strongly cartilaginous teeth along margins. The geographical distribution of P. ibradiensis and closely related species are mapped and the identification key of those species is updated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document