Is ‘The Blob’ back? New marine heat wave threatens Pacific

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren Cornwall
Keyword(s):  
Heat Wave ◽  
Marine Heat Wave

Contrasting Heat Budget Dynamics During Two La Niña Marine Heat Wave Events Along Northwestern Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 1563-1581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangtao Xu ◽  
Ryan J. Lowe ◽  
Gregory N. Ivey ◽  
Nicole L. Jones ◽  
Zhenling Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Wave ◽  
Heat Budget ◽  
La Niña ◽  
La Nina ◽  
Northwestern Australia ◽  
Marine Heat Wave

scholarly journals Management adaptation of invertebrate fisheries to an extreme marine heat wave event at a global warming hot spot

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3583-3593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Caputi ◽  
Mervi Kangas ◽  
Ainslie Denham ◽  
Ming Feng ◽  
Alan Pearce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Heat Wave ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Heat Wave Event ◽  
Wave Event ◽  
Marine Heat Wave

scholarly journals The 2011 marine heat wave off southwest Australia

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1691-1703 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. Rose ◽  
D. A. Smale ◽  
G. Botting
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Heat Wave ◽  
Extreme Events ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
Australian Coastline ◽  
Western Australian ◽  
Marine Heat Wave

Abstract. Over 2000 km of Western Australian coastline experienced a significant marine heat wave in February and March 2011. Seawater temperature anomalies of +2–4 °C were recorded at a number of locations and satellite-derived SSTs were the highest on record. Here, we present seawater temperatures from southwestern Australia and describe, in detail, the marine climatology of Cockburn Sound; a large, multiple-use coastal embayment. We compared temperature and dissolved oxygen levels in 2011 with data from routine monitoring conducted from 2002–2010. A significant warming event, 2–4 °C in magnitude, persisted for >8 weeks, and seawater temperatures at 10 to 20 m depth were significantly higher than those recorded in the previous 9 yr. Dissolved oxygen levels were depressed at most monitoring sites, being ~2 mg l−1 lower than usual in early March 2011. Ecological responses to short-term extreme events are poorly understood, but evidence from elsewhere along the Western Australian coastline suggests that the heat wave was associated with high rates of coral bleaching, fish, invertebrate and macroalgae mortalities, and algal blooms. However, more ecological information from Cockburn Sound and other multiple-use embayments is urgently needed. The 2011 heat wave provided insights into conditions that may become more prevalent in Cockburn Sound, and elsewhere, if the intensity and frequency of short-term extreme events increases as predicted.

scholarly journals Seagrass Recovery Following Marine Heat Wave Influences Sediment Carbon Stocks

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lillian R. Aoki ◽  
Karen J. McGlathery ◽  
Patricia L. Wiberg ◽  
Matthew P. J. Oreska ◽  
Amelie C. Berger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Wave ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Shoot Density ◽  
Seagrass Meadows ◽  
C Stocks ◽  
Sediment Carbon ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Marine Heat Wave

Worldwide, seagrass meadows accumulate significant stocks of organic carbon (C), known as “blue” carbon, which can remain buried for decades to centuries. However, when seagrass meadows are disturbed, these C stocks may be remineralized, leading to significant CO2 emissions. Increasing ocean temperatures, and increasing frequency and severity of heat waves, threaten seagrass meadows and their sediment blue C. To date, no study has directly measured the impact of seagrass declines from high temperatures on sediment C stocks. Here, we use a long-term record of sediment C stocks from a 7-km2, restored eelgrass (Zostera marina) meadow to show that seagrass dieback following a single marine heat wave (MHW) led to significant losses of sediment C. Patterns of sediment C loss and re-accumulation lagged patterns of seagrass recovery. Sediment C losses were concentrated within the central area of the meadow, where sites experienced extreme shoot density declines of 90% during the MHW and net losses of 20% of sediment C over the following 3 years. However, this effect was not uniform; outer meadow sites showed little evidence of shoot declines during the MHW and had net increases of 60% of sediment C over the following 3 years. Overall, sites with higher seagrass recovery maintained 1.7x as much C compared to sites with lower recovery. Our study demonstrates that while seagrass blue C is vulnerable to MHWs, localization of seagrass loss can prevent meadow-wide C losses. Long-term (decadal and beyond) stability of seagrass blue C depends on seagrass resilience to short-term disturbance events.

scholarly journals Unraveling the Origins of a Record-Setting Marine Heat Wave

Eos ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terri Cook
Keyword(s):  
Heat Wave ◽  
Extreme Heat ◽  
Upper Atmosphere ◽  
Madden Julian Oscillation ◽  
Southwestern Atlantic ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
Tropical Weather ◽  
Marine Heat Wave

The extreme heat wave in the southwestern Atlantic in 2017 was likely caused by upper atmosphere circulation patterns triggered by the Madden-Julian Oscillation tropical weather cycle.

scholarly journals Years After the Pacific Marine Heat Wave, Ecosystem Shifts Persist

Eos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Thomasy
Keyword(s):  
Heat Wave ◽  
Gulf Of Alaska ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Wave Conditions ◽  
Marine Heat Wave

Researchers question whether Gulf of Alaska species will return to pre–heat wave conditions.

Coral Records of Variable Stress Impacts and Possible Acclimatization to Recent Marine Heat Wave Events on the Northwest Shelf of Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 1672-1688 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Clarke ◽  
J. P. D'Olivo ◽  
M. Conde ◽  
R. D. Evans ◽  
M. T. McCulloch
Keyword(s):  
Heat Wave ◽  
Marine Heat Wave

scholarly journals The 2011 marine heat wave in Cockburn Sound, southwest Australia

Ocean Science ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. Rose ◽  
D. A. Smale ◽  
G. Botting
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Heat Wave ◽  
Extreme Events ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
Australian Coastline ◽  
Western Australian ◽  
Marine Heat Wave

Abstract. Over 2000 km of Western Australian coastline experienced a significant marine heat wave in February and March 2011. Seawater temperature anomalies of +2–4 °C were recorded at a number of locations, and satellite-derived SSTs (sea surface temperatures) were the highest on record. Here, we present seawater temperatures from southwestern Australia and describe, in detail, the marine climatology of Cockburn Sound, a large, multiple-use coastal embayment. We compared temperature and dissolved oxygen levels in 2011 with data from routine monitoring conducted from 2002–2010. A significant warming event, 2–4 °C in magnitude, persisted for > 8 weeks, and seawater temperatures at 10 to 20 m depth were significantly higher than those recorded in the previous 9 yr. Dissolved oxygen levels were depressed at most monitoring sites, being ~ 2 mg l−1 lower than usual in early March 2011. Ecological responses to short-term extreme events are poorly understood, but evidence from elsewhere along the Western Australian coastline suggests that the heat wave was associated with high rates of coral bleaching; fish, invertebrate and macroalgae mortalities; and algal blooms. However, there is a paucity of historical information on ecologically-sensitive habitats and taxa in Cockburn Sound, so that formal examinations of biological responses to the heat wave were not possible. The 2011 heat wave provided insights into conditions that may become more prevalent in Cockburn Sound, and elsewhere, if the intensity and frequency of short-term extreme events increases as predicted.

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