Designing for a green chemistry future

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 367 (6476) ◽  
pp. 397-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie B. Zimmerman ◽  
Paul T. Anastas ◽  
Hanno C. Erythropel ◽  
Walter Leitner
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Sustainable Society ◽  
Material Basis ◽  
Chemical Products ◽  
Definition Of

The material basis of a sustainable society will depend on chemical products and processes that are designed following principles that make them conducive to life. Important inherent properties of molecules need to be considered from the earliest stage—the design stage—to address whether compounds and processes are depleting versus renewable, toxic versus benign, and persistent versus readily degradable. Products, feedstocks, and manufacturing processes will need to integrate the principles of green chemistry and green engineering under an expanded definition of performance that includes sustainability considerations. This transformation will require the best of the traditions of science and innovation coupled with new emerging systems thinking and systems design that begins at the molecular level and results in a positive impact on the global scale.

ENVIRONMENTAL MODEL OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FUNCTION WITH GLOBALIZATION CONDITIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
Jovana Radulović ◽  
Tijana Milanović ◽  
Radica Jovanović
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Business Plans ◽  
Financial Gain ◽  
Employment Education ◽  
Market Factors ◽  
Scientific Truth

In the conditions of the global economic crisis, technical and technological and social changes, entrepreneurship is imposed as a counterbalance to globalization, due to uncertain market factors and destabilized national economies. One of the world's socioeconomic side effects is global solidarity: a way of thinking about society and the environment that makes ecology along with small and medium-sized enterprises the main parameters of economic reforms on a global scale. Bearing in mind that entrepreneurship represents a specific, tangible approach to making profit in terms of observing and exploiting business opportunities in the market, dictated by innovative, technological and social conditions, companies around the world, and at the level of development strategies of government governments, implement the concept of sustainable development into their business plans , focusing not only on financial gain, but also on the social aspect of having a positive impact on society. The ecological dimension of sustainable development relates primarily to the broader notion of profit making: the ability of society to change for the better in the fields of employment, education, recycling and cultural activities. Companies based on ecological principles are now called sustainable / ecological enterprises, and an economy based on the study of environmental resources for environmental economies. However, the education itself and the development of ethics on the environment in the environment are largely hampered by the development of ecological entrepreneurship, since the destruction of the Earth's ecosystems is not provable with sufficient scientific truth, and on the other hand, global NGOs constantly point to the advantage of an ecological business model as an investment asset because the environmental problem global, and therefore allows for international cooperation, while ecological companies create value in the same way as ecosystems: not producing waste or wasting unsustainable resources.

scholarly journals SIMULTANEOUS DEFINITION OF KEY CHARACTERISTICS IN ORDER TO FACILITATE ROBUST DESIGN IN EARLY PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT STAGES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 2691-2700
Author(s):  
Stefan Goetz ◽  
Dennis Horber ◽  
Benjamin Schleich ◽  
Sandro Wartzack
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Robust Design ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Clear Definition ◽  
Implicit Information ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Associated Functions ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractThe success of complex product development projects strongly depends on the clear definition of target factors that allow a reliable statement about the fulfilment of the product requirements. In the context of tolerancing and robust design, Key Characteristics (KCs) have been established for this purpose and form the basis for all downstream activities. In order to integrate the activities related to the KC definition into product development as early as possible, the often vaguely formulated requirements must be translated into quantifiable KCs. However, this is primarily a manual process, so the results strongly depend on the experience of the design engineer.In order to overcome this problem, a novel computer-aided approach is presented, which automatically derives associated functions and KCs already during the definition of product requirements. The approach uses natural language processing and formalized design knowledge to extract and provide implicit information from the requirements. This leads to a clear definition of the requirements and KCs and thus creates a founded basis for robustness evaluation at the beginning of the concept design stage. The approach is exemplarily applied to a window lifter.

scholarly journals Environmental safety in the irrigation and watering systems design stage

2019 ◽  
Vol 698 ◽  
pp. 055047
Author(s):  
S M Vasiliev ◽  
G A Senchukov ◽  
V D Gostishchev ◽  
T S Ponomarenko
Keyword(s):  
Systems Design ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Design Stage

Developing Sustainable Architecture Education Approaches in Malaysia: A Case Study of Critiques Session in 2nd Year Design Studio of Architecture Department, National University of Malaysia (UKM)

2011 ◽  
Vol 71-78 ◽  
pp. 5003-5006
Author(s):  
N. Utaberta ◽  
B. Hassanpour ◽  
Nag Abdullah ◽  
M. Tahir ◽  
Ai. Che Ani
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Architectural Education ◽  
Design Studio ◽  
Architecture Education ◽  
Sustainable Architecture ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
National University ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Art And Architecture

Education is completely linked by spiritual and mental aspects and has direct effect on thoughts and ideas; even it can make a pattern and line behavior for humans’ life. Indeed if educating system be able to has a positive impact on its’ inputs, then it can import its influence to the whole society by its outputs which their number is not less. Especially in art and architecture this influence would be multiple and multilateral, because students are the future designers and peoples’ life will be influenced by them. So we ought to pay more attention to education phenomenon. Limited natural sources and the destructive effects on next generations’ portion attracted the attention of all sciences and different professional majors to find how to generate new sources of energy that they called Sustainable. Architecture as a linked field to other knowledge and sciences was not excepted and like past periods of history, tried to find best solutions and appropriate responses. Today, the definition of sustainable and the domain of it have developed and it is known in vast meanings and categories. Education is one of these categories that it has to be containing the word, sustainable. Sustainable education as a first stage of attitude and effect on future can play an important role. Sustainable Architectural Education and try to trace methods of sustainable architectural education is the target of this paper.

Criteria for Best Performance of Pre-Optimized Solid Dampers

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Gastaldi ◽  
Muzio M. Gola
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Nonlinear Finite Element ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Early Design Stage ◽  
Real Contact ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Stiffening Effect ◽  
Contact Parameters

This paper furthers recent research by these authors. The starting point is the pre-optimization of solid dampers, which ensures that all dampers bound to “misbehave” are excluded since the early design stage. The authors now enlarge the scope of their investigations to explore those damper configurations selected inside the admissible design area. The purpose of the paper is to present a set of criteria apt to select a damper configuration which not only avoids unwanted situations, but in addition guarantees high performance under different design conditions. The analysis starts with the definition of a set of requirements a high performance damper should meet. In detail, the present investigation seeks to answer the following questions: in the low excitation regime, what is the frequency shift and the stiffening effect each damper can provide? for increasing excitation levels, which damper will start slipping sooner? in the high excitation regime, which damper provides the maximum dissipation? Like pre-optimization, it does not involve nonlinear finite element calculations, and unlike existing optimization procedures, is not linked to a specific set of blades the damper may be coupled to. The numerical prediction of the blade-damper coupled dynamics is here used only for validation purposes. The approach on which this paper rests is fully numerical; however, real contact parameters are taken from extensive experimental investigations made possible by those purposely developed test rigs which are the distinctive mark of the AERMEC Lab of Politecnico di Torino.

scholarly journals Using Smart City Tools to Evaluate the Effectiveness of a Low Emissions Zone in Spain: Madrid Central

Smart Cities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 456-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Lebrusán ◽  
Jamal Toutouh
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Pm 2.5 ◽  
Population Concentration ◽  
Traffic Reduction ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Pm 10 ◽  
The City

Population concentration in cities brings new risks as an increase in pollution, which causes urban health problems. In order to address this problem, traffic reduction measures are being implemented as pedestrianization areas; they are the definition of Low Emissions Zones (LEZs). When the effectiveness of these types of measures is in doubt, smart city tools provide data that can be used to scientifically asses their impact. This article analyzes the situation of Madrid Central (Spain), a LEZ subject to controversy. We apply statistical and regression analyses to evaluate the effectiveness of this measure to reduce air pollution and outdoor noise. According to the results, this LEZ was able to significantly reduce NO 2 , PM 2.5 , and PM 10 concentration locally, having the same positive impact in the rest of the city. In terms of noise, this measure was able to mitigate background noise levels generated by road traffic.

scholarly journals Addressing the Problems of Land Registration Processes in Complex Land Tenure Systems Using Computational Techniques: Evidence from Accra Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-57
Author(s):  
Williams Miller Appau ◽  
Baslyd B. Nara ◽  
Javier G. Morales
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Land Registration ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The People ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Land Tenure Systems

Land registration processes have been described to be simplistic in simple land tenure environments where land rights are treasured and registered by the state on behalf of the people. Duplication of tasks, repeated preparation of land registration documents, and wrong definition of tasks affect the activities and processes of land registration characterising complex land tenure environments. Many qualitative land registration models such as the use of Unified Modified Language (UML) diagrams have been developed to show the frameworks of land registration processes in most parts of the world. However, most researches avoid the technical implementation of these models. This paper presents the quantitative approaches to addressing the problems of land registration processes in complex land tenure systems using computational techniques such as Process Maker and Java Script. The paper used case study approach to collect data and systems design method for the output. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data from the Lands Commission of Accra and its stakeholders. Process maker software was operationalised using GeoJSON parcel file. Results show that, the simplification of land registration processes is based on the rationale behind the change (Data error, improved capacity, service quality), and the semantics (process re-engineering) involved in the computation of the modelling processes. The outcome has the ability to simplify an otherwise complex tenure system by avoiding delays and therefore improving the land registration processes.

scholarly journals Bioplastics: requirement for sustainability

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Richa Srivastava ◽  
Ram Singh
Keyword(s):  
Information Sources ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Sustainable Society ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Flexible Packaging ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Lower Carbon

The petrochemical-based plastics are causing a strong challenge for the natural ecosystem leading to global environmental pollution due to their non-biodegradable nature. Hence, the requirement of alternative materials possessing environmental advantages received attention and leads to the development of bioplastics. Definition of bioplastics is not universal but broadly it can be defined as biodegradable plastic derived from biodegradable substances. Although, all types of bioplastics are not biodegradable, still their many advantages towards the environment cannot be ruled out and hence, their applications in varied areas have increased many-folds world-wide. Bioplastics are being used in rigid and flexible packaging materials, food and drinks containers, dining utensils, electronic devices, automotive and airplane parts, cable sheaths and casings, noise and thermal insulation panels and many more. The list is growing up. Bioplastics have shown their potential for a sustainable society and presents some advantages such as lower carbon footprint, energy efficiency, and eco-safety. This article discusses the basic information, sources, biodegradability, and applications of bioplastics.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document