Biological functions of lymphatic vessels

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 369 (6500) ◽  
pp. eaax4063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana V. Petrova ◽  
Gou Young Koh
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Fluid Transport ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Pathogen Invasion ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Organ Specific

The general functions of lymphatic vessels in fluid transport and immunosurveillance are well recognized. However, accumulating evidence indicates that lymphatic vessels play active and versatile roles in a tissue- and organ-specific manner during homeostasis and in multiple disease processes. This Review discusses recent advances to understand previously unidentified functions of adult mammalian lymphatic vessels, including immunosurveillance and immunomodulation upon pathogen invasion, transport of dietary fat, drainage of cerebrospinal fluid and aqueous humor, possible contributions toward neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases, and response to anticancer therapies.

scholarly journals Organ-specific lymphatic vasculature: From development to pathophysiology

2017 ◽  
Vol 215 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana V. Petrova ◽  
Gou Young Koh
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Developmental Origins ◽  
Lymphatic Endothelial Cells ◽  
Tissue Microenvironment ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Intestinal Lymphatics ◽  
Lymphatic Vasculature ◽  
Fat Uptake

Recent discoveries of novel functions and diverse origins of lymphatic vessels have drastically changed our view of lymphatic vasculature. Traditionally regarded as passive conduits for fluid and immune cells, lymphatic vessels now emerge as active, tissue-specific players in major physiological and pathophysiological processes. Lymphatic vessels show remarkable plasticity and heterogeneity, reflecting their functional specialization to control the tissue microenvironment. Moreover, alternative developmental origins of lymphatic endothelial cells in some organs may contribute to the diversity of their functions in adult tissues. This review aims to summarize the most recent findings of organotypic differentiation of lymphatic endothelial cells in terms of their distinct (patho)physiological functions in skin, lymph nodes, small intestine, brain, and eye. We discuss recent advances in our understanding of the heterogeneity of lymphatic vessels with respect to the organ-specific functional and molecular specialization of lymphatic endothelium, such as the hybrid blood-lymphatic identity of Schlemm’s canal, functions of intestinal lymphatics in dietary fat uptake, and discovery of meningeal lymphatic vasculature and perivascular brain lymphatic endothelial cells.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Transport: a Lymphatic Perspective

Physiology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 227-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Johnston ◽  
C. Papaiconomou
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Fluid Transport ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Arachnoid Membrane ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Arachnoid Villi ◽  
Venous Sinuses ◽  
Cranial Venous Sinuses ◽  
Absorption Sites ◽  
Csf Absorption

The textbook view that projections of the arachnoid membrane into the cranial venous sinuses represent the primary cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) absorption sites seems incompatible with many clinical and experimental observations. On balance, there is more quantitative evidence suggesting a function for extracranial lymphatic vessels than exists to support a role for arachnoid villi and granulations in CSF transport.

Recent Advances in Rational Diagnosis and Treatment of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: A Critical Appraisal on Novel Diagnostic, Therapy Monitoring and Treatment Modalities

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1041-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Zahid Hussain ◽  
Zhuanqin Ren
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Therapy Monitoring ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Rational Diagnosis ◽  
Neuroimaging Techniques

Background:Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a critical brain disorder in which excess Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) is accumulated in the brain’s ventricles causing damage or disruption of the brain tissues. Amongst various signs and symptoms, difficulty in walking, slurred speech, impaired decision making and critical thinking, and loss of bladder and bowl control are considered the hallmark features of NPH.Objective:The current review was aimed to present a comprehensive overview and critical appraisal of majorly employed neuroimaging techniques for rational diagnosis and effective monitoring of the effectiveness of the employed therapeutic intervention for NPH. Moreover, a critical overview of recent developments and utilization of pharmacological agents for the treatment of hydrocephalus has also been appraised.Results:Considering the complications associated with the shunt-based surgical operations, consistent monitoring of shunting via neuroimaging techniques hold greater clinical significance. Despite having extensive applicability of MRI and CT scan, these conventional neuroimaging techniques are associated with misdiagnosis or several health risks to patients. Recent advances in MRI (i.e., Sagittal-MRI, coronal-MRI, Time-SLIP (time-spatial-labeling-inversion-pulse), PC-MRI and diffusion-tensor-imaging (DTI)) have shown promising applicability in the diagnosis of NPH. Having associated with several adverse effects with surgical interventions, non-invasive approaches (pharmacological agents) have earned greater interest of scientists, medical professional, and healthcare providers. Amongst pharmacological agents, diuretics, isosorbide, osmotic agents, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, glucocorticoids, NSAIDs, digoxin, and gold-198 have been employed for the management of NPH and prevention of secondary sensory/intellectual complications.Conclusion:Employment of rational diagnostic tool and therapeutic modalities avoids misleading diagnosis and sophisticated management of hydrocephalus by efficient reduction of Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) production, reduction of fibrotic and inflammatory cascades secondary to meningitis and hemorrhage, and protection of brain from further deterioration.

scholarly journals Ethylene is involved in strawberry fruit ripening in an organ-specific manner

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (14) ◽  
pp. 4421-4439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catharina Merchante ◽  
José G. Vallarino ◽  
Sonia Osorio ◽  
Irene Aragüez ◽  
Natalia Villarreal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Strawberry Fruit ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Strawberry Fruit Ripening

Comparison of Fluconazole Pharmacokinetics in Serum, Aqueous Humor, Vitreous Humor, and Cerebrospinal Fluid Following a Single Dose and at Steady State

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
UMAR K. MIAN ◽  
MARTIN MAYERS ◽  
YOGENDER GARG ◽  
QING-FENG LIU ◽  
GIRARD NEWCOMER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Vitreous Humor

scholarly journals Organ Specific Cancers - Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 03 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalini G ◽  
Remya RS ◽  
Gayathri G ◽  
Vishalakshi V
Keyword(s):  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Organ Specific
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