A neonicotinoid insecticide reduces fueling and delays migration in songbirds

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 365 (6458) ◽  
pp. 1177-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret L. Eng ◽  
Bridget J. M. Stutchbury ◽  
Christy A. Morrissey
Keyword(s):  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Rapid Reduction ◽  
Bird Populations ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Migrating Birds

Neonicotinoids are neurotoxic insecticides widely used as seed treatments, but little is known of their effects on migrating birds that forage in agricultural areas. We tracked the migratory movements of imidacloprid-exposed songbirds at a landscape scale using a combination of experimental dosing and automated radio telemetry. Ingestion of field-realistic quantities of imidacloprid (1.2 or 3.9 milligrams per kilogram body mass) by white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys) during migratory stopover caused a rapid reduction in food consumption, mass, and fat and significantly affected their probability of departure. Birds in the high-dose treatment stayed a median of 3.5 days longer at the site of capture after exposure as compared with controls, likely to regain fuel stores or recover from intoxication. Migration delays can carry over to affect survival and reproduction; thus, these results confirm a link between sublethal pesticide exposure and adverse outcomes for migratory bird populations.

scholarly journals Seasonal changes in the altitudinal distribution of nocturnally migrating birds during autumn migration

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 150347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank A. La Sorte ◽  
Wesley M. Hochachka ◽  
Andrew Farnsworth ◽  
Daniel Sheldon ◽  
Benjamin M. Van Doren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Polar Front ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Altitudinal Distribution ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Bird Populations ◽  
Intermediate Distance ◽  
Migrating Birds

Wind plays a significant role in the flight altitudes selected by nocturnally migrating birds. At mid-latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere, atmospheric conditions are dictated by the polar-front jet stream, whose amplitude increases in the autumn. One consequence for migratory birds is that the region’s prevailing westerly winds become progressively stronger at higher migration altitudes. We expect this seasonality in wind speed to result in migrants occupying progressively lower flight altitudes, which we test using density estimates of nocturnal migrants at 100 m altitudinal intervals from 12 weather surveillance radar stations located in the northeastern USA. Contrary to our expectations, median migration altitudes deviated little across the season, and the variance was lower during the middle of the season and higher during the beginning and especially the end of the season. Early-season migrants included small- to intermediate-sized long-distance migrants in the orders Charadriiformes and Passeriformes, and late-season migrants included large-bodied and intermediate-distance migrants in the order Anseriformes. Therefore, seasonality in the composition of migratory species, and related variation in migration strategies and behaviours, resulted in a convex–concave bounded distribution of migration altitudes. Our results provide a basis for assessing the implications for migratory bird populations of changes in mid-latitude atmospheric conditions probably occurring under global climate change.

Testing the effects of nutrient additions on mudflat macroinfaunal assemblages in the presence and absence of shorebird predators

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liz Morris ◽  
Michael J. Keough
Keyword(s):  
Strong Interaction ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Intertidal Mudflat ◽  
Bird Populations ◽  
Nutrient Additions ◽  
Nearshore Environments ◽  
High Nutrient

An issue that is of increasing concern worldwide relates to the possibility that areas subject to conservation agreements, owing to the resident and migratory bird populations they support, will be adversely affected by attempts to reduce organic inputs into nearshore environments. In the present study, we investigated the effects of nutrient additions and shorebird exclusion on the infaunal assemblages of an intertidal mudflat. Where responses to nutrient additions were observed they only occurred in the high-dose treatments, indicating that a high nutrient loading is required before infaunal responses are initiated at this site. There was no evidence to support the idea that nutrient additions would only stimulate macroinfaunal assemblages where shorebird foraging was reduced. Instead, nutrient additions were detectable separately from any effects of shorebird predation and, contrary to expectations, appeared to be of more importance than shorebird predation in this environment. There was also no evidence to suggest that shorebird predation has a strong interaction with the infaunal prey assemblage and, although further studies will be needed to support this statement, it is possible that moderate changes in nutrient status will not impact on the shorebird populations at this site.

scholarly journals Author Correction: Age-dependent carry-over effects in a long-distance migratory bird

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cosme López Calderón ◽  
Javier Balbontín Arenas ◽  
Keith A. Hobson ◽  
Anders Pape Møller
Keyword(s):  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Carry Over

scholarly journals Recurrence of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia during Pregnancy Subsequently Achieving Complete Medical Remission

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Sasha Mikhael ◽  
Ashlee Pascoe ◽  
Joseph Prezzato
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Molecular Remission ◽  
Successful Pregnancy ◽  
Pregnancy And Delivery ◽  
Reproductive Aged Women

The treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in reproductive-aged women poses major dilemmas concerning its associated teratogenicity as observed in many animal studies. Much controversy exists regarding continuation versus discontinuation of its use in pregnancy with some studies suggesting safety of TKIs before and during pregnancy and others reporting toxicity and adverse outcomes. TKIs have become a well-established treatment option for CML, significantly improving prognosis, and yet have been reported to be fetotoxic. We present a case of a 25-year-old woman who achieved successful pregnancy and delivery after withholding treatment, meanwhile relapsing, eventually achieving complete molecular remission after reinitiation of high dose dasatinib.

scholarly journals SEVERE HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA ASSOCIATED WITH EVEROLIMUS TREATMENT AFTER HEART TRANSPLANTATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. e269-e272
Author(s):  
Phillip Lo ◽  
Katherine Kearney ◽  
Christopher A. Muir ◽  
Ning Song ◽  
John A. Eisman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Transplantation ◽  
Heart Transplant ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Serum Triglyceride Level ◽  
Post Transplantation ◽  
Partial Lipodystrophy ◽  
Severe Hypertriglyceridemia

Objective: Everolimus, a mammalian target-ofrapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, is increasingly used post-transplantation due to favorable effects on renal function and malignancy risk when compared to other immunosuppressive treatments such as calcineurin inhibitors. However, it can confer adverse effects such as dyslipidemia, which is not underpinned by any long-term screening and management of dyslipidemia in heart transplant recipients treated with everolimus. Methods: We report a case of severe hypertriglyceridemia which developed after commencement of everolimus in a heart transplant recipient with a background of Dunnigan-type familial partial lipodystrophy. Results: The patient is a 36-year-old woman who underwent heart transplantation for dilated cardiomyopathy. About 11 weeks following commencement of everolimus as part of her antirejection medication regime, serum triglyceride level concentration peaked at 5,093 mg/dL (normal, 0.0 to 177.2 mg/dL). There were no clinical complications with triglycerides at this elevated level and it improved substantially following cessation of everolimus and initiation of a high dose intravenous insulin-dextrose infusion. Conclusion: This case highlights dyslipidemia as a potential complication of everolimus treatment and that appropriate screening is important as lipid lowering medication can effectively control levels and minimize adverse outcomes.

scholarly journals Age-dependent carry-over effects in a long-distance migratory bird

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cosme López Calderón ◽  
Javier Balbontín Arenas ◽  
Keith A. Hobson ◽  
Anders Pape Møller
Keyword(s):  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Carry Over

Carry-over effects provide linkages across the annual cycle of a Neotropical migratory bird, the Louisiana WaterthrushParkesia motacilla

Ibis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven C. Latta ◽  
Sonia Cabezas ◽  
Danilo A. Mejia ◽  
Maria M. Paulino ◽  
Hodali Almonte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Carry Over

scholarly journals How hazardous is the Sahara Desert crossing for migratory birds? Indications from satellite tracking of raptors

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roine Strandberg ◽  
Raymond H. G. Klaassen ◽  
Mikael Hake ◽  
Thomas Alerstam
Keyword(s):  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Satellite Telemetry ◽  
Satellite Tracking ◽  
Sahara Desert ◽  
Annual Cycles ◽  
Marsh Harrier ◽  
Circus Aeruginosus ◽  
Course Changes ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Migrating Birds

We investigated the risk associated with crossing the Sahara Desert for migrating birds by evaluating more than 90 journeys across this desert by four species of raptors (osprey Pandion haliaetus , honey buzzard Pernis apivorus , marsh harrier Circus aeruginosus and Eurasian hobby Falco subbuteo ) recorded by satellite telemetry. Forty per cent of the crossings included events of aberrant behaviours, such as abrupt course changes, slow travel speeds, interruptions, aborted crossings followed by retreats from the desert and failed crossings due to death, indicating difficulties for the migrants. The mortality during the Sahara crossing was 31 per cent per crossing attempt for juveniles (first autumn migration), compared with only 2 per cent for adults (autumn and spring combined). Mortality associated with the Sahara passage made up a substantial fraction (up to about half for juveniles) of the total annual mortality, demonstrating that this passage has a profound influence on survival and fitness of migrants. Aberrant behaviours resulted in late arrival at the breeding grounds and an increased probability of breeding failure (carry-over effects). This study also demonstrates that satellite tracking can be a powerful method to reveal when and where birds are exposed to enhanced risk and mortality during their annual cycles.

scholarly journals Navigated Percutaneous Lung Ablation under High-Frequency Jet Ventilation of a Metastasis from a Wilms’ Tumour: A Paediatric Case Report

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 400-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Freedman ◽  
Piotr Harbut
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Lung Metastases ◽  
High Dose Chemotherapy ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Wilms Tumour ◽  
Jet Ventilation ◽  
Rapid Reduction ◽  
High Frequency Jet Ventilation ◽  
Paediatric Case

This is a case report of microwave energy being used to ablate an inoperable metastasis of a Wilms’ tumour in a 6-year-old boy using state-of-the-art navigated computed tomography targeting and high-frequency jet ventilation to reduce organ displacement and the potential risk of procedure-related pneumothorax. After the ablation, the young boy had high-dose chemotherapy followed by an autologous stem cell transplantation with rapid reduction of three recurrent right-sided lung metastases.

scholarly journals Dietary antioxidants attenuate the endocrine stress response during long-duration flight of a migratory bird

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1929) ◽  
pp. 20200744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Casagrande ◽  
Kristen J. DeMoranville ◽  
Lisa Trost ◽  
Barbara Pierce ◽  
Amadeusz Bryła ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Stored Energy ◽  
Dietary Antioxidants ◽  
European Starlings ◽  
Metabolic Hormones ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Endocrine Stress Response ◽  
Migrating Birds

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are metabolic hormones that promote catabolic processes, which release stored energy and support high metabolic demands such as during prolonged flights of migrating birds. Dietary antioxidants (e.g. anthocyanins) support metabolism by quenching excess reactive oxygen species produced during aerobic metabolism and also by activating specific metabolic pathways. For example, similar to GCs' function, anthocyanins promote the release of stored energy, although the extent of complementarity between GCs and dietary antioxidants is not well known. If anthocyanins complement GCs functions, birds consuming anthocyanin-rich food can be expected to limit the secretion of GCs when coping with a metabolically challenging activity, avoiding the exposure to potential hormonal detrimental effects. We tested this hypothesis in European starlings ( Sturnus vulgaris ) flying in a wind tunnel. We compared levels of corticosterone, the main avian GC, immediately after a sustained flight and at rest for birds that were fed diets with or without an anthocyanin supplement. As predicted, we found (i) higher corticosterone after flight than at rest in both diet groups and (ii) anthocyanin-supplemented birds had less elevated corticosterone after flight than unsupplemented control birds. This provides novel evidence that dietary antioxidants attenuate the activation of the HPA axis (i.e. increased secretion of corticosterone) during long-duration flight.

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