scholarly journals Imaging stress and magnetism at high pressures using a nanoscale quantum sensor

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 366 (6471) ◽  
pp. 1349-1354 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hsieh ◽  
P. Bhattacharyya ◽  
C. Zu ◽  
T. Mittiga ◽  
T. J. Smart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressures ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy ◽  
Temperature Phase ◽  
Sensing Platform ◽  
Noise Spectroscopy ◽  
Magnetic Signatures ◽  
Diamond Anvils ◽  
Diamond Anvil ◽  
Nanoscale Sensing ◽  
High Pressure Phenomena

Pressure alters the physical, chemical, and electronic properties of matter. The diamond anvil cell enables tabletop experiments to investigate a diverse landscape of high-pressure phenomena. Here, we introduce and use a nanoscale sensing platform that integrates nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color centers directly into the culet of diamond anvils. We demonstrate the versatility of this platform by performing diffraction-limited imaging of both stress fields and magnetism as a function of pressure and temperature. We quantify all normal and shear stress components and demonstrate vector magnetic field imaging, enabling measurement of the pressure-driven α↔ϵ phase transition in iron and the complex pressure-temperature phase diagram of gadolinium. A complementary NV-sensing modality using noise spectroscopy enables the characterization of phase transitions even in the absence of static magnetic signatures.

scholarly journals Magnetic measurements on micrometer-sized samples under high pressure using designed NV centers

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 366 (6471) ◽  
pp. 1359-1362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Lesik ◽  
Thomas Plisson ◽  
Loïc Toraille ◽  
Justine Renaud ◽  
Florent Occelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy ◽  
Magnetic Interactions ◽  
Superconducting Transition ◽  
Spatially Resolved ◽  
Optical Magnetometry ◽  
Diamond Anvil ◽  
Nv Centers

Pressure can be used to tune the interplay among structural, electronic, and magnetic interactions in materials. High pressures are usually applied in the diamond anvil cell, making it difficult to study the magnetic properties of a micrometer-sized sample. We report a method for spatially resolved optical magnetometry based on imaging a layer of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers created at the surface of a diamond anvil. We illustrate the method using two sets of measurements realized at room temperature and low temperature, respectively: the pressure evolution of the magnetization of an iron bead up to 30 gigapascals showing the iron ferromagnetic collapse and the detection of the superconducting transition of magnesium dibromide at 7 gigapascals.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Compressibility of Novel Nickel Carbide at Pressures of Earth’s Outer Core

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 516
Author(s):  
Timofey Fedotenko ◽  
Saiana Khandarkhaeva ◽  
Leonid Dubrovinsky ◽  
Konstantin Glazyrin ◽  
Pavel Sedmak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Outer Core ◽  
Direct Reaction ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nickel Carbide ◽  
Diamond Anvils ◽  
Group A ◽  
Diamond Anvil ◽  
Murnaghan Equation

We report the high-pressure synthesis and the equation of state (EOS) of a novel nickel carbide (Ni3C). It was synthesized in a diamond anvil cell at 184(5) GPa through a direct reaction of a nickel powder with carbon from the diamond anvils upon heating at 3500 (200) K. Ni3C has the cementite-type structure (Pnma space group, a = 4.519(2) Å, b = 5.801(2) Å, c = 4.009(3) Å), which was solved and refined based on in-situ synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The pressure-volume data of Ni3C was obtained on decompression at room temperature and fitted to the 3rd order Burch-Murnaghan equation of state with the following parameters: V0 = 147.7(8) Å3, K0 = 157(10) GPa, and K0' = 7.8(6). Our results contribute to the understanding of the phase composition and properties of Earth’s outer core.

scholarly journals Phase transitions beyond post-perovskite in NaMgF3 to 160 GPa

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (39) ◽  
pp. 19324-19329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajkrishna Dutta ◽  
Eran Greenberg ◽  
Vitali B. Prakapenka ◽  
Thomas S. Duffy
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Diamond Anvil Cell ◽  
Extrasolar Planets ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Model System ◽  
Similar Sequence ◽  
Deep Interior ◽  
Diamond Anvil ◽  
Binary Compounds ◽  
Pressure Phase

Neighborite, NaMgF3, is used as a model system for understanding phase transitions in ABX3 systems (e.g., MgSiO3) at high pressures. Here we report diamond anvil cell experiments that identify the following phases in NaMgF3 with compression to 162 GPa: NaMgF3 (perovskite) → NaMgF3 (post-perovskite) → NaMgF3 (Sb2S3-type) → NaF (B2-type) + NaMg2F5 (P21/c) → NaF (B2) + MgF2 (cotunnite-type). Our results demonstrate the existence of an Sb2S3-type post-post-perovskite ABX3 phase. We also experimentally demonstrate the formation of the P21/c AB2X5 phase which has been proposed theoretically to be a common high-pressure phase in ABX3 systems. Our study provides an experimental observation of the full sequence of phase transitions from perovskite to post-perovskite to post-post-perovskite followed by 2-stage breakdown to binary compounds. Notably, a similar sequence of transitions is predicted to occur in MgSiO3 at ultrahigh pressures, where it has implications for the mineralogy and dynamics in the deep interior of large, rocky extrasolar planets.

scholarly journals The thermal conductivity of the Earth's core and implications for its thermal and compositional evolution

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Ohta ◽  
Kei Hirose
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Thermal History ◽  
Diamond Anvil Cell ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Iron Alloys ◽  
Compositional Evolution ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Diamond Anvil ◽  
High Pressures And Temperatures

Abstract Precise determinations of the thermal conductivity of iron alloys at high pressures and temperatures are essential for understanding the thermal history and dynamics of the metallic cores of the Earth. We review relevant high-pressure experiments using a diamond-anvil cell and discuss implications of high core conductivity for its thermal and compositional evolution.

The Fluorescence of Diamond and Raman Spectroscopy at High Pressures Using a New Design of Diamond Anvil Cell

1973 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 377-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Adams ◽  
S. J. Payne ◽  
K. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Diamond Anvil Cell ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Type I ◽  
High Pressure Cell ◽  
Scattering Geometry ◽  
Infrared And Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Bond Stretching ◽  
Diamond Anvil

A new design of diamond anvil high pressure cell suitable for use in infrared and Raman spectroscopy is described. Its performance is demonstrated with particular reference to the pressure dependence of the infrared spectrum of K2PtCl6 and the Raman spectrum of W(CO)6. In contrast to earlier reports, in which forward scattering geometry was used, this design of cell is shown to be very suitable for Raman use in the 180° excitation mode. However, severe limitations are imposed by the fluorescence emission of diamond and of sapphire. Conditions under which the cell can be used for Raman work are summarized. New fluorescence and Raman features are reported for diamond. In particular, a band at 1730 cm−1 is characteristic of type I stones and may be due to C to N bond stretching at defect centers.

scholarly journals Perforated diamond anvils for research at very high pressures

2002 ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
R. D. Taylor ◽  
M. P. Pasternak ◽  
A. Dadashev ◽  
G. Kh. Rozenberg
Keyword(s):  
High Pressures ◽  
Diamond Anvils ◽  
Very High

Dehydration and decomposition of pyrophyllite at high pressures: electrical conductivity and X-ray diffraction studies to 5 GPa

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 875-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara L. Hicks ◽  
Richard A. Secco
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
South African ◽  
Pressure Dependence ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Ionic Conduction ◽  
Temperature Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temperature Dependence Of Conductivity

The dehydration and decomposition of South African pyrophyllite were studied in the pressure range 2.5–5.0 GPa and in the temperature (T) range 295–1473 K using both in situ electrical conductivity measurements and X-ray diffraction studies on the recovered samples. Activation energies for conduction (Qc) vary in the range 0.02–0.07 eV for T ≤ 500 K where the dominant conduction mode is electronic, and Qc is in the range 1.10–1.28 eV for T ≥ 500 K where ionic conduction dominates. Abrupt changes in the isobaric temperature dependence of conductivity mark the onset of dehydration and subsequent decomposition into kyanite plus quartz–coesite. At 2.5 GPa, South African pyrophyllite forms the dehydroxylate phase at 760 K with a pressure dependence of ~30 K/GPa and complete decomposition follows at 1080 K with a pressure dependence of ~41 K/GPa. The resulting pressure–temperature phase diagram is in very good agreement with many previous studies at 1 atm (101.325 kPa).

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