Photochemistry beyond the red limit in chlorophyll f–containing photosystems

Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 360 (6394) ◽  
pp. 1210-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis J. Nürnberg ◽  
Jennifer Morton ◽  
Stefano Santabarbara ◽  
Alison Telfer ◽  
Pierre Joliot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Charge Separation ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Oxygenic Photosynthesis ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Photosystems I And Ii ◽  
Biophysical Studies ◽  
A Charge ◽  
Photosystem I And Ii ◽  
Chlorophyll F

Photosystems I and II convert solar energy into the chemical energy that powers life. Chlorophyll a photochemistry, using red light (680 to 700 nm), is near universal and is considered to define the energy “red limit” of oxygenic photosynthesis. We present biophysical studies on the photosystems from a cyanobacterium grown in far-red light (750 nm). The few long-wavelength chlorophylls present are well resolved from each other and from the majority pigment, chlorophyll a. Charge separation in photosystem I and II uses chlorophyll f at 745 nm and chlorophyll f (or d) at 727 nm, respectively. Each photosystem has a few even longer-wavelength chlorophylls f that collect light and pass excitation energy uphill to the photochemically active pigments. These photosystems function beyond the red limit using far-red pigments in only a few key positions.

scholarly journals Novel chlorophylls and new directions in photosynthesis research

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaqiong Li ◽  
Min Chen
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Oxygenic Photosynthesis ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Absorption Region ◽  
Chlorophyll D ◽  
And Function ◽  
Unique Status ◽  
Chlorophyll F

Chlorophyll d and chlorophyll f are red-shifted chlorophylls, because their Qy absorption bands are significantly red-shifted compared with chlorophyll a. The red-shifted chlorophylls broaden the light absorption region further into far red light. The presence of red-shifted chlorophylls in photosynthetic systems has opened up new possibilities of research on photosystem energetics and challenged the unique status of chlorophyll a in oxygenic photosynthesis. In this review, we report on the chemistry and function of red-shifted chlorophylls in photosynthesis and summarise the unique adaptations that have allowed the proliferation of chlorophyll d- and chlorophyll f-containing organisms in diverse ecological niches around the world.

scholarly journals The structure of Photosystem I acclimated to far-red light illuminates an ecologically important acclimation process in photosynthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. eaay6415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Gisriel ◽  
Gaozhong Shen ◽  
Vasily Kurashov ◽  
Ming-Yang Ho ◽  
Shangji Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photosystem I ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Oxygenic Photosynthesis ◽  
Cryo Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photosynthetic Proteins ◽  
Functional Differences ◽  
Light Utilization ◽  
Chlorophyll F

Phototrophic organisms are superbly adapted to different light environments but often must acclimate to challenging competition for visible light wavelengths in their niches. Some cyanobacteria overcome this challenge by expressing paralogous photosynthetic proteins and by synthesizing and incorporating ~8% chlorophyll f into their Photosystem I (PSI) complexes, enabling them to grow under far-red light (FRL). We solved the structure of FRL-acclimated PSI from the cyanobacterium Fischerella thermalis PCC 7521 by single-particle, cryo–electron microscopy to understand its structural and functional differences. Four binding sites occupied by chlorophyll f are proposed. Subtle structural changes enable FRL-adapted PSI to extend light utilization for oxygenic photosynthesis to nearly 800 nm. This structure provides a platform for understanding FRL-driven photosynthesis and illustrates the robustness of adaptive and acclimation mechanisms in nature.

Femtosecond infrared spectroscopy of chlorophyll f-containing photosystem I

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1224-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noura Zamzam ◽  
Marius Kaucikas ◽  
Dennis J. Nürnberg ◽  
A. William Rutherford ◽  
Jasper J. van Thor
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Photosystem I ◽  
Charge Separation ◽  
Light Harvesting ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Time Resolved Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Chlorophyll F

Femtosecond time resolved infrared spectroscopy of far-red light grown photosystem I shows chlorophyll f contributions in light harvesting and charge separation.

scholarly journals The natural design for harvesting far-red light: the antenna increases both absorption and quantum efficiency of Photosystem II

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Mascoli ◽  
Ahmad Farhan Bhatti ◽  
Luca Bersanini ◽  
Herbert van Amerongen ◽  
Roberta Croce
Keyword(s):  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Charge Separation ◽  
Light Harvesting ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Time Resolved Fluorescence ◽  
Light Harvesting Complexes ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Light Energy Conversion ◽  
Chlorophyll F

Cyanobacteria carry out photosynthetic light-energy conversion using phycobiliproteins for light harvesting and the chlorophyll-rich photosystems for photochemistry. While most cyanobacteria only absorb visible photons, some of them can acclimate to harvest far-red light (FRL, 700-800 nm) by integrating chlorophyll f and d in their photosystems and producing red-shifted allophycocyanin. Chlorophyll f insertion enables the photosystems to use FRL but slows down charge separation, reducing photosynthetic efficiency. Here we demonstrate with time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy that charge separation in chlorophyll-f-containing Photosystem II becomes faster in the presence of red-shifted allophycocyanin antennas. This is different from all known photosynthetic systems, where additional light-harvesting complexes slow down charge separation. Based on the available structural information, we propose a model for the connectivity between the phycobiliproteins and Photosystem II that qualitatively accounts for our spectroscopic data. This unique design is probably important for these cyanobacteria to efficiently switch between visible and far-red light.

scholarly journals Functional evolution of photochemical energy transformations in oxygen-producing organisms

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 505 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Raven
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photochemical Reactions ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Oxygenic Photosynthesis ◽  
Oxygen Production ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Primary Activity ◽  
Ion Pumping ◽  
Β Carotene

Chlorophyll a is the photochemical agent accounting for most oxygenic photosynthesis, that is, over 99.9% of photosynthetic primary activity on Earth. The spectral and energetic properties of chlorophyll a can, at least in part, be rationalised in terms of the solar spectral output and the energetics of oxygen production and carbon dioxide reduction with two photochemical reactions. The long wavelength limit on in vivo chlorophyll a absorption is probably close to the energetic limit: longer wavelengths could not support a high rate and efficiency of oxygenic photosynthesis. Retinal, a β-carotene derivative that is the chromophore of rhodopsin, acts not only as a sensory pigment, but also as an ion-pumping photochemical transducer. Both sensory and energy-transforming rhodopsins occur in oxygenic phototrophs, although the extent of expression and the function of the latter are not well understood.

Synthesis and Excited-State Photodynamics of Perylene-Bis(Imide)-Oxochlorin Dyads. A Charge-Separation Motif

2003 ◽  
Vol 107 (15) ◽  
pp. 3443-3454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Kirmaier ◽  
Eve Hindin ◽  
Jennifer K. Schwartz ◽  
Igor V. Sazanovich ◽  
James R. Diers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Charge Separation ◽  
A Charge

Chlorophyll f can replace chlorophyll a in the soluble antenna of dinoflagellates

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Hernández‐Prieto ◽  
Roger Hiller ◽  
Min Chen
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll F

First-principles identification of VI+Cui defect cluster in cuprous iodide: origin of red light photoluminescence

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dingrong Liu ◽  
Zenghua Cai ◽  
Yu-Ning Wu ◽  
Shiyou Chen
Keyword(s):  
First Principles ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Defect Cluster ◽  
Intrinsic Point Defect ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Type Semiconductor ◽  
Display Technology ◽  
Wavelength Emission ◽  
P Type

Abstract The γ-phase Cuprous Iodide (CuI) emerges as a promising transparent p-type semiconductor for next-generation display technology because of its wide direct band gap, intrinsic p-type conductivity, and high carrier mobility. Two main peaks are observed in its photoluminescence (PL). One is short wavelength (410-430 nm) emission, which is well attributed to the electronic transitions at Cu vacancy, whereas the other long wavelength emission (680-720 nm) has not been fully understood. In this paper, through first-principles simulations, we investigate the formation energies and emission line shape for various defects, and discover that the intrinsic point defect cluster V_I+Cu_i^(2+) is the source of the long wavelength emission. Our finding is further supported by the prediction that the defect concentration decreases dramatically as the chemical condition changes from Cu-rich to I-rich, explaining the significant reduction in the red light emission if CuI is annealed in abundant I environment.

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