Functional analysis of CAR, the target sequence for the Rev protein of HIV-1

Science ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 246 (4937) ◽  
pp. 1625-1629 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Dayton ◽  
D. Powell ◽  
A. Dayton
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Target Sequence ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Rev Protein

Sequence Specificity in the Higher-Order Interaction of the Rev Protein of HIV-1 with its Target Sequence, the RRE

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 317???323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas M. Powell ◽  
Ming Jie Zhang ◽  
Danielle A. M. Konings ◽  
Paul T. Wingfield ◽  
Stephen J. Stahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Order ◽  
Target Sequence ◽  
Sequence Specificity ◽  
Order Interaction ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Rev Protein

Functional analysis of HIV-1 genes derived from Japanese long-term nonprogressors and progressors for AIDS

2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 799-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
A SAKURAI ◽  
A JERE ◽  
A YOSHIDA ◽  
T YAMADA ◽  
A IWAMOTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Hiv 1

The roles of nucleolar structure and function in the subcellular location of the HIV-1 Rev protein

1995 ◽  
Vol 108 (8) ◽  
pp. 2811-2823 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dundr ◽  
G.H. Leno ◽  
M.L. Hammarskjold ◽  
D. Rekosh ◽  
C. Helga-Maria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Regulation Of Expression ◽  
Rna Transcription ◽  
Nucleolar Structure ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Protein B23 ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Rev Protein

The human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) Rev transactivator protein plays a critical role in the regulation of expression of structural proteins by controlling the pathway of mRNA transport. The Rev protein is located predominantly in the nucleoli of HIV-1 infected or Rev-expressing cells. Previous studies demonstrated that the Rev protein forms a specific complex in vitro with protein B23 which is suggested to be a nucleolar receptor and/or carrier for the Rev protein. To study the role of the nucleolus and nucleolar proteins in Rev function, transfected COS-7 or transformed CMT3 cells expressing the Rev protein were examined for subcellular locations of Rev and other proteins using indirect immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. One day after transfection the Rev protein was found in most cells only in the nucleolar dense fibrillar and granular components where it colocalized with protein B23. These were designated class 1 cells. In a second class of cells Rev and B23 accumulated in the nucleoplasm as well as in nucleoli. Treatment of class 1 cells with actinomycin D (AMD) under conditions that blocked only RNA polymerase I transcription caused Rev to completely redistribute from nucleoli to the cytoplasm. Simultaneously, protein B23 was partially released from nucleoli, mostly into the nucleoplasm, with detectable amounts in the cytoplasm. In cells recovering from AMD treatment in the presence of cycloheximide Rev and B23 showed coincident relocation to nucleoli. Class 2 cells were resistant to AMD-induced Rev redistribution. Selective inhibition of RNA polymerase II transcription by alpha-amanitin or by DRB did not cause Rev to be released into the cytoplasm suggesting that active preribosomal RNA transcription is required for the nucleolar location of Rev. However, treatment with either of the latter two drugs at higher doses and for longer times caused partial disruption of nucleoli accompanied by translocation of the Rev protein to the cytoplasm. These results suggest that the nucleolar location of Rev depends on continuous preribosomal RNA transcription and a substantially intact nucleolar structure.

scholarly journals HIV-1 resists MxB inhibition of viral Rev protein

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2030-2045
Author(s):  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Keli Chai ◽  
Qian Liu ◽  
Dong-Rong Yi ◽  
Qinghua Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Rev Protein

scholarly journals Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Escapes from RNA Interference-Mediated Inhibition

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 2601-2605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atze T. Das ◽  
Thijn R. Brummelkamp ◽  
Ellen M. Westerhout ◽  
Monique Vink ◽  
Mandy Madiredjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Rna Interference ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Target Sequence ◽  
Small Interfering Rnas ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Short-term assays have suggested that RNA interference (RNAi) may be a powerful new method for intracellular immunization against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. However, RNAi has not yet been shown to protect cells against HIV-1 in long-term virus replication assays. We stably introduced vectors expressing small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) directed against the HIV-1 genome into human T cells by retroviral transduction. We report here that an siRNA directed against the viral Nef gene (siRNA-Nef) confers resistance to HIV-1 replication. This block in replication is not absolute, and HIV-1 escape variants that were no longer inhibited by siRNA-Nef appeared after several weeks of culture. These RNAi-resistant viruses contained nucleotide substitutions or deletions in the Nef gene that modified or deleted the siRNA-Nef target sequence. These results demonstrate that efficient inhibition of HIV-1 replication through RNAi is possible in stably transduced cells. Therefore, RNAi could become a realistic gene therapy approach with which to overcome the devastating effect of HIV-1 on the immune system. However, as is known for antiviral drug therapy against HIV-1, antiviral approaches involving RNAi should be used in a combined fashion to prevent the emergence of resistant viruses.

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