Amplification of a gene related to mammalian mdr genes in drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum

Science ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 244 (4909) ◽  
pp. 1184-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Wilson ◽  
A. Serrano ◽  
A Wasley ◽  
M. Bogenschutz ◽  
A. Shankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Mdr Genes

scholarly journals Predictors of treatment failures of plasmodium falciparum malaria in Vietnam: a 4-year single‐centre retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minh Cuong Duong ◽  
Oanh Kieu Nguyet Pham ◽  
Phong Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Van Vinh Chau Nguyen ◽  
Phu Hoan Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Severe Malaria ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Artemisinin Resistance ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Molecular Technique ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Public Health Burden

Abstract Background Drug-resistant falciparum malaria is an increasing public health burden. This study examined the magnitude of Plasmodium falciparum infection and the patterns and predictors of treatment failure in Vietnam. Methods Medical records of all 443 patients with malaria infection admitted to the Hospital for Tropical Diseases between January 2015 and December 2018 were used to extract information on demographics, risk factors, symptoms, laboratory tests, treatment, and outcome. Results More than half (59.8%, 265/443, CI 55.1–64.4%) of patients acquired Plasmodium falciparum infection of whom 21.9% (58/265, CI 17.1–27.4%) had severe malaria, while 7.2% (19/265, CI 4.6–10.9%) and 19.2% (51/265, CI 14.7–24.5%) developed early treatment failure (ETF) and late treatment failure (LTF) respectively. Among 58 patients with severe malaria, 14 (24.1%) acquired infection in regions where artemisinin resistance has been documented including Binh Phuoc (11 patients), Dak Nong (2 patients) and Gia Lai (1 patient). Under treatment with intravenous artesunate, the median (IQR) parasite half-life of 11 patients coming from Binh Phuoc was 3 h (2.3 to 8.3 h), two patients coming from Dak Nong was 2.8 and 5.7 h, and a patient coming from Gia Lai was 6.5 h. Most patients (98.5%, 261/265) recovered completely. Four patients with severe malaria died. Severe malaria was statistically associated with receiving treatment at previous hospitals (P < 0.001), hepatomegaly (P < 0.001) and number of inpatient days (P < 0.001). Having severe malaria was a predictor of ETF (AOR 6.96, CI 2.55–19.02, P < 0.001). No predictor of LTF was identified. Conclusions Plasmodium falciparum remains the prevalent malaria parasite. Despite low mortality rate, severe malaria is not rare and is a significant predictor of ETF. To reduce the risk for ETF, studies are needed to examine the effectiveness of combination therapy including parenteral artesunate and a parenteral partner drug for severe malaria. The study alerts the possibility of drug-resistant malaria in Africa and other areas in Vietnam, which are known as non-endemic areas of anti-malarial drug resistance. A more comprehensive study using molecular technique in these regions is required to completely understand the magnitude of drug-resistant malaria and to design appropriate control strategies.

Robenidine Analogues Are Potent Antimalarials in Drug-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Krollenbrock ◽  
Yuexin Li ◽  
Jane Xu Kelly ◽  
Michael K. Riscoe
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Drug Resistant

DRUG RESISTANT STRAINS OF PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA

The Lancet ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 317 (8216) ◽  
pp. 386
Author(s):  
Brian Darlow ◽  
Helena Vrbova ◽  
John Stace ◽  
Peter Heywood ◽  
Michael Alpers
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

scholarly journals Anti-malarial plants in Ethiopia and their activities on drug resistant malaria

FEMS Microbes ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yimeslal Atnafu Sema ◽  
Teshale Areda Waktola
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Plasmodium Species ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Effective Activity ◽  
Croton Macrostachyus ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Malaria Containment ◽  
Low Malaria Transmission

Abstract In Ethiopia, the impacts of malaria continue to cause a many number of morbidity and mortality that accounts to most outpatient observations. Ethiopia recently designed to attain nationwide malaria control by 2030 by beginning sub-national elimination in districts with low malaria transmission. However, the rises of drug-resistant parasites, especially Plasmodium falciparum hinder the malaria containment strategies. Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, dispersed all over the Ethiopia and accounting for 60% and 40% of malaria cases respectively. The aim of this report was to overview the phytochemical constituents, diversity and effect of some compound extracts on drug resistant plasmodium species. Many plant species, a total 200 identified by 82 studies, are used in traditional malaria treatments throughout the country. Allium sativum, Croton macrostachyus and Carica papaya were the more frequently used medicinal plants species. There are so many phytochemicals constituents found in medicinal plants used to treat malaria. Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Phenolics, Terpenoid and Glycosides are the most reported for their effective activity on drug resistant malaria.

scholarly journals Environmental, pharmacological and genetic influences on the spread of drug-resistant malaria

2010 ◽  
Vol 278 (1712) ◽  
pp. 1705-1712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Antao ◽  
Ian M. Hastings
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Linkage Disequilibrium ◽  
Malaria Transmission ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Artificial Selection ◽  
Genetic Interactions ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Rate Of Spread

Plasmodium falciparum malaria is subject to artificial selection from antimalarial drugs that select for drug-resistant parasites. We describe and apply a flexible new approach to investigate how epistasis, inbreeding, selection heterogeneity and multiple simultaneous drug deployments interact to influence the spread of drug-resistant malaria. This framework recognizes that different human ‘environments’ within which treatment may occur (such as semi- and non-immune humans taking full or partial drug courses) influence the genetic interactions between parasite loci involved in resistance. Our model provides an explanation for how the rate of spread varies according to different malaria transmission intensities, why resistance might stabilize at intermediate frequencies and also identifies several factors that influence the decline of resistance after a drug is removed. Results suggest that studies based on clinical outcomes might overestimate the spread of resistant parasites, especially in high-transmission areas. We show that when transmission decreases, prevalence might decrease without a corresponding change in frequency of resistance and that this relationship is heavily influenced by the extent of linkage disequilibrium between loci. This has important consequences on the interpretation of data from areas where control is being successful and suggests that reducing transmission might have less impact on the spread of resistance than previously expected.

Total synthesis and antimalarial activity of mortiamides A–D

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (52) ◽  
pp. 7434-7437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Bérubé ◽  
Dominic Gagnon ◽  
Alexandre Borgia ◽  
Dave Richard ◽  
Normand Voyer
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Resistant Strain ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Drug Resistant

This work describes the first total synthesis of mortiamides and their anti-malarial activity against a multi-drug resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum.

scholarly journals Characterization of putative drug resistant biomarkers in Plasmodium falciparum isolated from Ghanaian blood donors

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enoch Aninagyei ◽  
Kwabena Obeng Duedu ◽  
Tanko Rufai ◽  
Comfort Dede Tetteh ◽  
Margaretta Gloria Chandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Drug Resistant

scholarly journals New Antiplasmodial Diterpenes from Gutierrezia Sarothrae

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100
Author(s):  
Qingxi Su ◽  
Seema Dalal ◽  
Michael Goetz ◽  
Maria B. Cassera ◽  
David G. L Kingston
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Meoh Extract ◽  
Bioassay Guided Fractionation ◽  
Gutierrezia Sarothrae ◽  
Related Compounds

Bioassay guided fractionation of the MeOH extract of the plant Gutierrezia sarothrae (Asteraceae) using an assay for antiplasmodial activity against the drug-resistant Dd2 strain of Plasmodium falciparum led to the isolation of the two new diterpenes 3α-angeloyloxy-15-hydroxylabda-7,13-dien-16,15-olid-18-oic acid (1) and 3α-angeloyloxy-15-methoxylabda-7,13-dien-16,15-olid-18-oic acid (2). The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by interpretation of ID and 2D NMR spectroscopic data, mass spectrometry, and comparison with the data of related compounds reported in the literature. Compound 1 exhibited moderate antiplasmodial activity with an IC50 values of 10.4 ± 4.3 μM.

scholarly journals Elucidating Mechanisms of Drug-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila S. Ross ◽  
David A. Fidock
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Drug Resistant

scholarly journals Incorporation of an intramolecular hydrogen bonding motif in the side chain of antimalarial benzimidazoles

MedChemComm ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 450-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrietta D. Attram ◽  
Sergio Wittlin ◽  
Kelly Chibale
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Human Malaria Parasite ◽  
Human Malaria ◽  
Intramolecular Hydrogen

Analogues of a novel class of benzimidazoles with an intramolecular hydrogen bonding motif have been synthesized and evaluated in vitro for their antiplasmodium activity against chloroquine-sensitive (NF54) and multi-drug resistant (K1) strains of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum.

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