The role of excitatory amino acids and NMDA receptors in traumatic brain injury

Science ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 244 (4906) ◽  
pp. 798-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Faden ◽  
P Demediuk ◽  
S. Panter ◽  
R Vink
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Nmda Receptors ◽  
Excitatory Amino Acids

Excitatory amino acids in cerebrospinal fluid following traumatic brain injury in humans

1993 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Baker ◽  
Richard J. Moulton ◽  
Vernon H. MacMillan ◽  
Peter M. Shedden
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Excitatory Amino Acids ◽  
Excitatory Amino Acid ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Injured Patients

✓ Evidence from models of traumatic brain injury implicates excitotoxicity as an integral process in the ultimate neuronal damage that follows. Concentrations of the excitatory amino acid glutamate were serially measured in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with traumatic brain injuries and in control patients for comparison. The purpose of the study was to determine whether glutamate concentrations were significantly elevated following traumatic brain injury and, if so, whether they were elevated in a time frame that would allow the use of antagonist therapy. Cerebrospinal fluid was sampled fresh from ventricular drains every 12 hours and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography for the excitatory amino acids. The peak concentrations of glutamate in the CSF of the 12 brain-injured patients ranged from 14 to 474 µM and were significantly higher than those in the three control patients, 4.9 to 17 µM (Mann-Whitney U-test, p < 0.02). Glutamate concentrations in five of the eight patients who were still being sampled on Day 3 were beyond the control group range. The implication of this study is that severely head-injured patients are exposed to high concentrations of a neurotoxic amino acid for days following injury and thus may benefit from antagonist intervention.

Lactate accumulation following concussive brain injury: the role of ionic fluxes induced by excitatory amino acids

1995 ◽  
Vol 674 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuro Kawamata ◽  
Yoichi Katayama ◽  
David A. Hovda ◽  
Atsuo Yoshino ◽  
Donald P. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Excitatory Amino Acids ◽  
Lactate Accumulation ◽  
Ionic Fluxes
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document