Cytokine inhibition of DNA synthesis: effect on cyclic adenosine monophosphate in lymphocytes

Science ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 193 (4259) ◽  
pp. 1260-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jegasothy ◽  
A. Pachner ◽  
B. Waksman
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Cytokine Inhibition ◽  
Inhibition Of Dna Synthesis

scholarly journals Differences in flow cytometry and 3H-thymidine analyses of perturbed human lymphocytes.

1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 486-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Pollack ◽  
C B Bagwell ◽  
J L Hudson ◽  
G L Irvin
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Tritiated Thymidine ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Inhibition Of Dna Synthesis

A calf thymocyte crude aqueous extract was tested for DNA synthesis inhibitory activity using phytohemagglutinin-stimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Inhibition of DNA synthesis was assayed using tritiated thymidine and flow cytometry. Although the calf thymocyte crude extract inhibited tritiated thymidine incorporation by over 50%, only very slight changes in the flow cytometric analysis were observed. When dibutyryl-cyclic adenosine monophosphate was used as an inhibitor, a correlation in terms of the inhibition of tritiated thymidine to the inhibition by flow cytometry was observed.

scholarly journals Regulation of human monocyte DNA synthesis by colony-stimulating factors, cytokines, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 1972-1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
DL Cheung ◽  
JA Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Human Monocyte ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Murine Macrophage ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Abstract It is reported in this study that a subpopulation of highly purified human peripheral blood human monocytes can proliferate in response to colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1), granulocyte-macrophage colony- stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and interleukin-3 (IL-3). Both GM-CSF and IL-3 synergized with CSF-1 for the induction of DNA synthesis. Given the DNA synthesis levels attained, we were able to test the effects of certain cytokines and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-elevating agents, which have been shown to modulate in vitro human myelopoiesis and murine macrophage proliferation. The cytokines, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- alpha), as well as cAMP-elevating agents, 8-bromoadenosine 3′:5′-cyclic monophosphate (8BrcAMP), cholera toxin (CT), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), suppressed the monocyte DNA synthesis due to CSF-1. These results parallel those reported with human bone marrow progenitors, as well as murine macrophage populations. The cycling human monocyte population could provide a model cell type to understand the molecular events controlling human myelopoiesis.

scholarly journals Regulation of human monocyte DNA synthesis by colony-stimulating factors, cytokines, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 1972-1981
Author(s):  
DL Cheung ◽  
JA Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Human Monocyte ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Murine Macrophage ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Stimulating Factor

It is reported in this study that a subpopulation of highly purified human peripheral blood human monocytes can proliferate in response to colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1), granulocyte-macrophage colony- stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and interleukin-3 (IL-3). Both GM-CSF and IL-3 synergized with CSF-1 for the induction of DNA synthesis. Given the DNA synthesis levels attained, we were able to test the effects of certain cytokines and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-elevating agents, which have been shown to modulate in vitro human myelopoiesis and murine macrophage proliferation. The cytokines, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- alpha), as well as cAMP-elevating agents, 8-bromoadenosine 3′:5′-cyclic monophosphate (8BrcAMP), cholera toxin (CT), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), suppressed the monocyte DNA synthesis due to CSF-1. These results parallel those reported with human bone marrow progenitors, as well as murine macrophage populations. The cycling human monocyte population could provide a model cell type to understand the molecular events controlling human myelopoiesis.

Mechanisms of ATP to cAMP Conversion Catalyzed by the Mammalian Adenylyl Cyclase: A Role of Magnesium Coordination Shells and Proton Wires

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bella Grigorenko ◽  
Igor Polyakov ◽  
Alexander Nemukhin
Keyword(s):  
Adenylyl Cyclase ◽  
Bond Cleavage ◽  
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Md Simulations ◽  
Coordination Shell ◽  
Energy Profile ◽  
One Step ◽  
Type V

<p>We report a mechanism of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) conversion by the mammalian type V adenylyl cyclase revealed in molecular dynamics (MD) and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) simulations. We characterize a set of computationally derived enzyme-substrate (ES) structures showing an important role of coordination shells of magnesium ions in the solvent accessible active site. Several stable six-fold coordination shells of Mg<sub>A</sub><sup>2+ </sup>are observed in MD simulations of ES complexes. In the lowest energy ES conformation, the coordination shell of Mg<sub>A</sub><sup>2+ </sup>does not include the O<sub>δ1</sub> atom of the conserved Asp440 residue. Starting from this conformation, a one-step reaction mechanism is characterized which includes proton transfer from the ribose O<sup>3'</sup>H<sup>3' </sup>group in ATP to Asp440 via a shuttling water molecule and P<sup>A</sup>-O<sup>3A</sup> bond cleavage and O<sup>3'</sup>-P<sup>A</sup> bond formation. The energy profile of this route is consistent with the observed reaction kinetics. In a higher energy ES conformation, Mg<sub>A</sub><sup>2+</sup> is bound to the O<sub>δ1</sub>(Asp440) atom as suggested in the relevant crystal structure of the protein with a substrate analog. The computed energy profile initiated by this ES is characterized by higher energy expenses to complete the reaction. Consistently with experimental data, we show that the Asp440Ala mutant of the enzyme should exhibit a reduced but retained activity. All considered reaction pathways include proton wires from the O<sup>3'</sup>H<sup>3' </sup>group via shuttling water molecules. </p>

Polydatin Attenuates Carbachol-induced Contraction of Guinea Pig Gallbladder

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Chen Lei ◽  
Pan Xiang ◽  
Shen Yonggang ◽  
Song Kai ◽  
Zhong Xingguo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Dose Dependent

The aim of this study was to determine whether polydatin, a glucoside of resveratrol isolated from the root of Polygonum cuspidatum, warranted development as a potential therapeutic for ameliorating the pain originating from gallbladder spasm disorders and the underlying mechanisms. Guinea pig gallbladder smooth muscles were treated with polydatin and specific inhibitors to explore the mechanisms underpinning polydatin-induced relaxation of carbachol-precontracted guinea pig gallbladder. Our results shown that polydatin relaxed carbachol-induced contraction in a dose-dependent manner through the nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate/protein kinase G and the cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A signaling pathways as well as the myosin light chain kinase and potassium channels. Our findings suggested that there was value in further exploring the potential therapeutic use of polydatin in gallbladder spasm disorders.

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