scholarly journals Genomic basis for the convergent evolution of electric organs

Science ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 344 (6191) ◽  
pp. 1522-1525 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Gallant ◽  
L. L. Traeger ◽  
J. D. Volkening ◽  
H. Moffett ◽  
P.-H. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Evolution ◽  
Electric Organs ◽  
Genomic Basis

scholarly journals Convergent eusocial evolution is based on a shared reproductive groundplan plus lineage-specific plastic genes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Warner ◽  
Lijun Qiu ◽  
Michael J. Holmes ◽  
Alexander S. Mikheyev ◽  
Timothy A. Linksvayer
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Convergent Evolution ◽  
Monomorium Pharaonis ◽  
Body Segments ◽  
Novel Traits ◽  
Adult Body ◽  
Lineage Specific Genes ◽  
Genomic Basis

AbstractEusociality has convergently evolved multiple times, but the genomic basis of caste-based division of labor and degree to which independent origins of eusociality have utilized common genes remain largely unknown. Here we characterize caste-specific transcriptomic profiles across development and adult body segments from pharaoh ants (Monomorium pharaonis) and honey bees (Apis mellifera), representing two independent origins of eusociality. We identify a substantial shared core of genes upregulated in the abdomens of queen ants and honey bees that also tends to be upregulated in mated female flies, suggesting that these genes are part of a conserved insect reproductive groundplan. Outside of this shared groundplan, few genes are differentially expressed in common. Instead, the majority of the thousands of caste-associated genes are plastically-expressed, rapidly evolving, and relatively evolutionarily young. These results emphasize that the recruitment of both highly conserved and lineage-specific genes underlie the convergent evolution of novel traits such as eusociality.

scholarly journals Comparative genomics sheds light on the convergent evolution of miniaturized wasps

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongxing Xu ◽  
Xinhai Ye ◽  
Yajun Yang ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Yu H Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Convergent Evolution ◽  
Size Control ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Evolutionary Rates ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Animal Evolution ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Genomic Basis ◽  
Telenomus Remus

Abstract Miniaturization has occurred in many animal lineages, including insects and vertebrates, as a widespread trend during animal evolution. Among Hymenoptera, miniaturization has taken place in some parasitoid wasp lineages independently, and may have contributed to the diversity of species. However, the genomic basis of miniaturization is little understood. Diverged approximately 200 million years ago, Telenomus wasps (Platygastridae) and Trichogramma wasps (Chalcidoidea) have both evolved to a highly reduced body size independently, representing a paradigmatic example of convergent evolution. Here we report a high-quality chromosomal genome of Telenomus remus, a promising candidate for controlling Spodoptera frugiperda, a notorious pest that has recently caused severe crop damage. The T. remus genome (129 megabases) is characterized by a low density of repetitive sequence and a reduction of intron length, resulting in the shrinkage of genome size. We show that hundreds of genes evolved faster in two miniaturized parasitoids Trichogramma pretiosum and T. remus. Among them, 38 genes exhibit extremely accelerated evolutionary rates in these miniaturized wasps, possessing diverse functions in eye and wing development as well as cell size control. These genes also highlight potential roles in body size regulation. In sum, our analyses uncover a set of genes with accelerated evolutionary rates in T. pretiosum and T. remus, which might be responsible for their convergent adaptations to miniaturization, and thus expand our understanding on the evolutionary basis of miniaturization. Additionally, the genome of T. remus represents the first genome resource of superfamily Platygastroidea, and will facilitate future studies of Hymenoptera evolution and pest control.

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