Knowing the Boundaries: Extending the Differential Adhesion Hypothesis in Embryonic Cell Sorting

Science ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 338 (6104) ◽  
pp. 212-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Amack ◽  
M. L. Manning
Keyword(s):  
Cell Sorting ◽  
Embryonic Cell ◽  
Differential Adhesion ◽  
Differential Adhesion Hypothesis

scholarly journals Model-Based Prediction of an Effective Adhesion Parameter Guiding Multi-Type Cell Segregation

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1378
Author(s):  
Philipp Rossbach ◽  
Hans-Joachim Böhme ◽  
Steffen Lange ◽  
Anja Voss-Böhme
Keyword(s):  
Cell Sorting ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Analytical Prediction ◽  
Differential Migration ◽  
Migration Model ◽  
Differential Adhesion ◽  
Cell Segregation ◽  
Differential Adhesion Hypothesis ◽  
The Impact

The process of cell-sorting is essential for development and maintenance of tissues. Mathematical modeling can provide the means to analyze the consequences of different hypotheses about the underlying mechanisms. With the Differential Adhesion Hypothesis, Steinberg proposed that cell-sorting is determined by quantitative differences in cell-type-specific intercellular adhesion strengths. An implementation of the Differential Adhesion Hypothesis is the Differential Migration Model by Voss-Böhme and Deutsch. There, an effective adhesion parameter was derived analytically for systems with two cell types, which predicts the asymptotic sorting pattern. However, the existence and form of such a parameter for more than two cell types is unclear. Here, we generalize analytically the concept of an effective adhesion parameter to three and more cell types and demonstrate its existence numerically for three cell types based on in silico time-series data that is produced by a cellular-automaton implementation of the Differential Migration Model. Additionally, we classify the segregation behavior using statistical learning methods and show that the estimated effective adhesion parameter for three cell types matches our analytical prediction. Finally, we demonstrate that the effective adhesion parameter can resolve a recent dispute about the impact of interfacial adhesion, cortical tension and heterotypic repulsion on cell segregation.

scholarly journals Can retinal adhesion mechanisms determine cell-sorting patterns: a test of the differential adhesion hypothesis

Development ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
W.A. Thomas ◽  
J. Yancey
Keyword(s):  
Cell Sorting ◽  
Cell Aggregation ◽  
Adhesion Mechanism ◽  
Differential Adhesion ◽  
Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Retinal Adhesion ◽  
Differential Adhesion Hypothesis

Embryonic chick neural retina cells possess two classes of adhesion mechanism, one Ca2+-independent, one Ca2+-dependent, responsible for short-term cell aggregation. This study investigates the role of these mechanisms in the long-term cell sorting potentially relevant to in vivo histogenesis. Retina cells are prepared either with both (E cells) or with only one mechanism (TC cells, CD; LTE cells, CI), respectively. The two types of cell preparations are differentially labelled using fluorescein or rhodamine isothiocyanate, mixed and allowed to aggregate in the presence or absence of cycloheximide at 0.5 microgram ml-1 to retard metabolic recovery of the removed adhesive mechanism. When observed by fluorescence and phase-contrast microscopy, the aggregates formed in cycloheximide show cell sorting, the cells with both mechanisms assuming a more interior position relative to those with a single adhesion mechanism. In parallel hanging-drop experiments, preformed aggregates of cells with a single adhesion mechanism are seen to spread upon aggregates of cells with both mechanisms. No sorting occurs amongst cells from a given stage prepared using any single dissociation protocol. The observed cell sorting would thus seem to derive exclusively from differential cell adhesiveness dependent upon the different dissociation conditions and maintained in the presence of cycloheximide. The experiments support the hypothesis that the dual CI and CD adhesion mechanisms in question can play a central role in governing cell-sorting behaviour during normal histogenesis.

scholarly journals Computer Simulations of Cell Sorting Due to Differential Adhesion

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. e24999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Gilberto L. Thomas ◽  
Maciej Swat ◽  
Abbas Shirinifard ◽  
James A. Glazier
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Cell Sorting ◽  
Differential Adhesion

Embryonic tissues are viscoelastic materials

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
D A Beysens ◽  
G Forgacs ◽  
J A Glazier
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Metastatic Potential ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Embryonic Tissues ◽  
Differential Adhesion ◽  
Equilibrium Configurations ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Differential Adhesion Hypothesis

Early embryonic development is characterized by spectacular morphogenetic processes such as sorting or spreading of tissues. Analogy between viscoelastic fluids and certain properties of embryonic tissues turned out to be useful in interpreting some aspects of these morphogenetic phenomena. In accordance with the differential adhesion hypothesis, the values of tissue-specific surface tensions have been shown to be consistent with the equilibrium configurations such tissues reach in the course of sorting and spreading. A method to measure tissue surface tension and viscoelastic properties is described. Notions like the Laplace's equation relating surface tension to radii of curvature, or the Kelvin model of viscoelasticity are used to analyze the results of these measurements. The fluid analogy is extended to time-dependent phenomena, in particular, to the analysis of cellular pattern evolution in the course of spreading. On the basis of recent experimental findings, we demonstrate that the kinetics of spreading and nucleation in binary fluids can be analyzed using the same formalism. We illustrate how our results can be used to obtain biologically relevant information on the strength of binding between specific cell adhesion molecules under near physiological conditions. We also suggest a diagnostic application of our method to monitor the metastatic potential of tumors. PACS No.: 03.65Ge

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