Explaining the Structure of the Archean Mass-Independent Sulfur Isotope Record

Science ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 329 (5988) ◽  
pp. 204-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Halevy ◽  
D. T. Johnston ◽  
D. P. Schrag
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Isotope Record

Sulfur isotopes in diamonds reveal differences in continent construction

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 364 (6438) ◽  
pp. 383-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen V. Smit ◽  
Steven B. Shirey ◽  
Erik H. Hauri ◽  
Richard A. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Sulfur Isotopes ◽  
West African ◽  
Diamond Growth ◽  
Mantle Lithosphere ◽  
Continental Lithosphere ◽  
Slave Craton ◽  
Tectonic Processes ◽  
Isotope Record ◽  
Diamond Inclusions

Neoproterozoic West African diamonds contain sulfide inclusions with mass-independently fractionated (MIF) sulfur isotopes that trace Archean surficial signatures into the mantle. Two episodes of subduction are recorded in these West African sulfide inclusions: thickening of the continental lithosphere through horizontal processes around 3 billion years ago and reworking and diamond growth around 650 million years ago. We find that the sulfur isotope record in worldwide diamond inclusions is consistent with changes in tectonic processes that formed the continental lithosphere in the Archean. Slave craton diamonds that formed 3.5 billion years ago do not contain any MIF sulfur. Younger diamonds from the Kaapvaal, Zimbabwe, and West African cratons do contain MIF sulfur, which suggests craton construction by advective thickening of mantle lithosphere through conventional subduction-style horizontal tectonics.

scholarly journals Constraining the rise of oxygen with oxygen isotopes

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Killingsworth ◽  
P. Sansjofre ◽  
P. Philippot ◽  
P. Cartigny ◽  
C. Thomazo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotopes ◽  
Atmospheric Chemistry ◽  
Meteoric Water ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Sulfide Oxidation ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Sulfur Cycle ◽  
Isotope Record ◽  
Continental Weathering ◽  
S Isotope

Abstract After permanent atmospheric oxygenation, anomalous sulfur isotope compositions were lost from sedimentary rocks, demonstrating that atmospheric chemistry ceded its control of Earth’s surficial sulfur cycle to weathering. However, mixed signals of anoxia and oxygenation in the sulfur isotope record between 2.5 to 2.3 billion years (Ga) ago require independent clarification, for example via oxygen isotopes in sulfate. Here we show <2.31 Ga sedimentary barium sulfates (barites) from the Turee Creek Basin, W. Australia with positive sulfur isotope anomalies of ∆33S up to + 1.55‰ and low δ18O down to −19.5‰. The unequivocal origin of this combination of signals is sulfide oxidation in meteoric water. Geochemical and sedimentary evidence suggests that these S-isotope anomalies were transferred from the paleo-continent under an oxygenated atmosphere. Our findings indicate that incipient oxidative continental weathering, ca. 2.8–2.5 Ga or earlier, may be diagnosed with such a combination of low δ18O and high ∆33S in sulfates.

scholarly journals Rethinking the sulfur isotope record of the Paleoproterozoic Francevillian succession of Gabon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kärt Paiste ◽  
Karen Bakakas Mayika ◽  
David Fike ◽  
Kalle Kirsimäe ◽  
Antoine Crémière ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Isotope Record

scholarly journals Multiple Sulfur Isotope Geochemistry during the Permian-Triassic Transition

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Masafumi Saitoh
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Isotope Geochemistry ◽  
Shallow Marine ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
Depositional Settings ◽  
Isotope Record ◽  
Isotope Studies ◽  
Permian Mass Extinction ◽  
Isotopic Signal

The end-Permian mass extinction was the largest biodiversity crisis in the Phanerozoic. Based on characteristic negative ∆33S signals of sedimentary pyrite, previous multiple sulfur isotope studies suggested shoaling of anoxic/sulfidic deep-waters onto a shelf, leading to the shallow-marine extinction. However, the validity of this shoaling model has been controversial. I compiled previously-reported multiple sulfur isotope records during the Permian-Triassic transition interval, and examined a stratigraphic relationship between the extinction horizon, redox oscillation in the depositional settings, and the multiple sulfur isotope record in each studied section. The compilation shows that the negative ∆33S signals do not correspond clearly to the extinction horizon or to the benthic anoxia/euxinia in the studied sections. The compilation also documents that the multiple sulfur isotope records during the Permian-Triassic transition are substantially variable, and that the negative ∆33S signals were observed in various types of sediments including shallow-marine carbonates, carbonates/siltstones of relatively deep-water facies, and abyssal deep-sea cherts. Those observations allow me to infer that the negative ∆33S signal is not a robust indicator of shoaling. Rather, this isotopic signal may reflect substantial sulfur isotope heterogeneity in the sediments controlled by local factors.

scholarly journals Influence of sulfate reduction rates on the Phanerozoic sulfur isotope record

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (28) ◽  
pp. 11244-11249 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Leavitt ◽  
I. Halevy ◽  
A. S. Bradley ◽  
D. T. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Isotope Record ◽  
Sulfate Reduction Rates

Coupled strontium-sulfur cycle modeling and the Early Cretaceous sulfur isotope record

2018 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
pp. 305-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Kristall ◽  
Andrew D. Jacobson ◽  
Bradley B. Sageman ◽  
Matthew T. Hurtgen
Keyword(s):  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Sulfur Cycle ◽  
Isotope Record

scholarly journals The pyrite multiple sulfur isotope record of the 1.98 Ga Zaonega Formation: Evidence for biogeochemical sulfur cycling in a semi-restricted basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 534 ◽  
pp. 116092 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Paiste ◽  
A. Pellerin ◽  
A.L. Zerkle ◽  
K. Kirsimäe ◽  
A.R. Prave ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Sulfur Cycling ◽  
Isotope Record

An evaporite-based high-resolution sulfur isotope record of Late Permian and Triassic seawater sulfate

2017 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 331-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano M. Bernasconi ◽  
Irene Meier ◽  
Stephan Wohlwend ◽  
Peter Brack ◽  
Peter A. Hochuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Late Permian ◽  
Seawater Sulfate ◽  
Isotope Record
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