Virus Population Dynamics and Acquired Virus Resistance in Natural Microbial Communities

Science ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 320 (5879) ◽  
pp. 1047-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Andersson ◽  
J. F. Banfield
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Virus Resistance ◽  
Virus Population

scholarly journals Faecal Microbiota of Forage-Fed Horses in New Zealand and the Population Dynamics of Microbial Communities following Dietary Change

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e112846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karlette A. Fernandes ◽  
Sandra Kittelmann ◽  
Christopher W. Rogers ◽  
Erica K. Gee ◽  
Charlotte F. Bolwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Dietary Change ◽  
Faecal Microbiota

scholarly journals Strongly Deterministic Population Dynamics in Closed Microbial Communities

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zak Frentz ◽  
Seppe Kuehn ◽  
Stanislas Leibler
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Microbial Communities

scholarly journals Virulence and competitiveness of Cydia pomonella granulovirus mutants: parameters that do not match

2005 ◽  
Vol 86 (10) ◽  
pp. 2731-2738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo M. Arends ◽  
Doreen Winstanley ◽  
Johannes A. Jehle
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Virus Production ◽  
Virus Population ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Direct Competition ◽  
Virus Genotypes ◽  
Occlusion Bodies ◽  
Budded Virus ◽  
Cydia Pomonella Granulovirus

The LD50, median survival time (ST50) and virus production are virulence parameters that are commonly used to describe the biological characteristics of viruses. In this study, these parameters were determined for Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV-M) and two naturally occurring mutants (CpGV-MCp4 and -MCp5) that carry Tc1-like insect transposable elements. The three virus genotypes were similar in their LD50, ST50 and virus production. However, the mutant genotypes MCp4 and MCp5 were very effectively out-competed by CpGV-M in direct competition experiments, where Cydia pomonella larvae were co-infected with known ratios of occlusion bodies or budded virus of CpGV-M and one of the two mutants. It was demonstrated that MCp5 and MCp4 could not be sustained in the virus population when the progeny viruses of different co-infections were used as inocula to infect next passage larvae. These results show that the virulence parameters LD50, ST50 and virus production alone do not adequately reflect the competitiveness of the virus and are thus not suitable to describe virus population dynamics.

scholarly journals Virus population dynamics during infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enzo Z Poirier ◽  
Marco Vignuzzi
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Virus Population

scholarly journals Horizontal Gene Transfer Can Help Maintain the Equilibrium of Microbial Communities

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhang Fan ◽  
Yandong Xiao ◽  
Babak Momeni ◽  
Yang-Yu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Horizontal Gene Transfer ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Species Coexistence ◽  
Focal Points ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Population Dynamics Model ◽  
Evolutionary Advantage

Horizontal gene transfer and species coexistence are two focal points in the study of microbial communities. The evolutionary advantage of horizontal gene transfer has not been well-understood and is constantly being debated. Here we propose a simple population dynamics model based on the frequency-dependent interactions between different genotypes to evaluate the influence of horizontal gene transfer on microbial communities. We find that both structural stability and robustness of the microbial community are strongly affected by the gene transfer rate and direction. An optimal gene flux can stablize the ecosystem, helping it recover from disturbance and maintain the species coexistence.

scholarly journals Microbial consortia at steady supply

eLife ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thibaud Taillefumier ◽  
Anna Posfai ◽  
Yigal Meir ◽  
Ned S Wingreen
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Maximum Biomass ◽  
Metabolic Fluxes ◽  
Almost All

Metagenomics has revealed hundreds of species in almost all microbiota. In a few well-studied cases, microbial communities have been observed to coordinate their metabolic fluxes. In principle, microbes can divide tasks to reap the benefits of specialization, as in human economies. However, the benefits and stability of an economy of microbial specialists are far from obvious. Here, we physically model the population dynamics of microbes that compete for steadily supplied resources. Importantly, we explicitly model the metabolic fluxes yielding cellular biomass production under the constraint of a limited enzyme budget. We find that population dynamics generally leads to the coexistence of different metabolic types. We establish that these microbial consortia act as cartels, whereby population dynamics pins down resource concentrations at values for which no other strategy can invade. Finally, we propose that at steady supply, cartels of competing strategies automatically yield maximum biomass, thereby achieving a collective optimum.

scholarly journals Which games are growing bacterial populations playing?

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (108) ◽  
pp. 20150121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang-Yi Li ◽  
Cleo Pietschke ◽  
Sebastian Fraune ◽  
Philipp M. Altrock ◽  
Thomas C. G. Bosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Evolutionary Game Theory ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Frequency Dependent

Microbial communities display complex population dynamics, both in frequency and absolute density. Evolutionary game theory provides a natural approach to analyse and model this complexity by studying the detailed interactions among players, including competition and conflict, cooperation and coexistence. Classic evolutionary game theory models typically assume constant population size, which often does not hold for microbial populations. Here, we explicitly take into account population growth with frequency-dependent growth parameters, as observed in our experimental system. We study the in vitro population dynamics of the two commensal bacteria ( Curvibacter sp. (AEP1.3) and Duganella sp. (C1.2)) that synergistically protect the metazoan host Hydra vulgaris (AEP) from fungal infection. The frequency-dependent, nonlinear growth rates observed in our experiments indicate that the interactions among bacteria in co-culture are beyond the simple case of direct competition or, equivalently, pairwise games. This is in agreement with the synergistic effect of anti-fungal activity observed in vivo . Our analysis provides new insight into the minimal degree of complexity needed to appropriately understand and predict coexistence or extinction events in this kind of microbial community dynamics. Our approach extends the understanding of microbial communities and points to novel experiments.

scholarly journals Estimating taxon‐specific population dynamics in diverse microbial communities

Ecosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. Koch ◽  
Theresa A. McHugh ◽  
Michaela Hayer ◽  
Egbert Schwartz ◽  
Steven J. Blazewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Specific Population
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