Local Endemism Within the Western Ghats-Sri Lanka Biodiversity Hotspot

Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 306 (5695) ◽  
pp. 479-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Bossuyt
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
The Western Ghats

The pholcid spiders of Sri Lanka (Araneae: Pholcidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4550 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
BERNHARD A. HUBER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Southwestern Part ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Western Ghats

As part of the Western Ghats-Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot, Sri Lanka harbors a rich and diverse fauna, especially in the perhumid southwestern part of the island. However, many invertebrate groups such as spiders continue to be poorly studied. The present paper reviews our knowledge about Pholcidae, a family of spiders that is well represented in Sri Lanka, both by numerous (10) introduced species and by a rich native fauna in five genera (described native Sri Lankan species in parentheses): Belisana Thorell, 1898 (6), Leptopholcus Simon, 1893 (1), Pholcus Walckenaer, 1805 (4), Tissahamia Huber, 2018 (4), and Wanniyala Huber & Benjamin, 2005 (9). Fourteen species are newly described: Belisana minneriya sp. n., B. badulla sp. n., B. gowindahela sp. n.; Pholcus metta sp. n., P. puranappui sp. n., P. uva sp. n.; Tissahamia karuna sp. n.; Wanniyala mudita sp. n., W. orientalis sp. n., W. upekkha sp. n., W. ohiya sp. n., W. viharekele sp. n., W. mapalena sp. n., and W. labugama sp. n.. All new species are described from males and females. New Sri Lankan records are given for 16 previously described species. Distribution data suggest that most or all of the 24 native species might be endemic to Sri Lanka, but the Indian pholcid fauna remains almost entirely unknown. 

Diversification and biogeography of Dawkinsia (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) in the Western Ghats-Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiranya Sudasinghe ◽  
Rajeev Raghavan ◽  
Neelesh Dahanukar ◽  
Rohan Pethiyagoda ◽  
Lukas Rüber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
The Western Ghats

scholarly journals Toad radiation reveals into-India dispersal as a source of endemism in the Western Ghats-Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Van Bocxlaer ◽  
SD Biju ◽  
Simon P Loader ◽  
Franky Bossuyt
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
The Western Ghats

scholarly journals A comprehensive checklist of the earthworms (Annelida: Clitellata: Megadrili) of Sri Lanka, a component of the Western Ghats – Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-36
Author(s):  
Sasankan Prasanth Narayanan ◽  
Shailja Kumari ◽  
Vijo Thomas Kurien ◽  
Ambattu Paili Thomas ◽  
Rahul Paliwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Distributional Pattern ◽  
Earthworm Species ◽  
The Western Ghats

A comprehensive checklist of the earthworm species known from Sri Lanka, an island country in the Indian subcontinent, is presented. In total, 81 species and subspecies belonging to 20 genera and 8 families are recorded. Of these, 58 are Sri Lanka endemics, 2 near endemics and 21 exotics. The checklist includes the type locality, any significant subsequent generic placements, and the distributional pattern with province and districts for each species/subspecies within Sri Lanka.

Drivers of bird beta diversity in the Western Ghats–Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot are scale dependent: roles of land use, climate, and distance

Oecologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 193 (4) ◽  
pp. 801-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachakonda Sreekar ◽  
Lian Pin Koh ◽  
Christos Mammides ◽  
Richard T. Corlett ◽  
Salindra Dayananda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
The Western Ghats

scholarly journals DNA barcoding, phylogeny and systematics of Golden-backed frogs (Hylarana, Ranidae) of the Western Ghats-Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot, with the description of seven new species

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-S4 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.D. Biju ◽  
Sonali Garg ◽  
Stephen Mahony ◽  
Nayana Wijayathilaka ◽  
Gayani Senevirathne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
The Western Ghats

A systematic revision of the genus Hylarana in the Western Ghats-Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot is presented. Species delineation in Hylarana is complicated due to a lack of distinct colour differences or striking morphological characters, leading to potential misidentification. We conducted extensive surveys throughout the Western Ghats-Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot and performed multiple gene (16S, COI and Cytb) barcoding using 103 samples collected from cultivated land and natural habitats. Genetic distance comparisons and Neighbor Joining trees indicated the presence of at least 14 candidate species in the region, supported by taxa groupings for all three genetic markers. Utilising a combination of molecular and morphological data, we describe seven new species, doubling the number of Hylarana species previously known from this region. We further demonstrate that H. temporalis, which was originally described from Sri Lanka, was misidentified with the Western Ghats endemic species for nearly 100 years. Conversely, H. aurantiaca was originally described from the Western Ghats and misidentified in Sri Lanka. Our study confirms that the distribution of H. temporalis is restricted to Sri Lanka, while H. aurantiaca is endemic to the Western Ghats, and that there are no shared Hylarana species between the two regions. Hylarana flavescens, H. intermedius and H. montanus, previously considered synonyms of H. temporalis are confirmed as valid species. Hylarana bhagmandlensis is removed from the synonymy of H. aurantiaca and placed as a junior subjective synonym of H. montanus. To establish nomenclatural stability, H. flavescens, H. malabarica and H. temporalis are lectotypified and H. intermedius is neotypified. Detailed descriptions, diagnosis, morphological and genetic comparisons, illustrations and data on distribution and natural history are provided for all species. Phylogenetic analyses based on three mitochondrial markers (16S, COI and Cytb) and a fragment of the nuclear Rag1 gene, show complete endemism of the Western Ghats-Sri Lankan species. Four major groups in this region are identified as: 1 — the Hylarana aurantiaca group, endemic to the Western Ghats; 2 — the Hylarana flavescens group, endemic to the Western Ghats; 3 — the Hylarana temporalis group, endemic to Sri Lanka; and 4 — the Hylarana malabarica group from Sri Lanka and India. The discovery of numerous morphologically cryptic Hylarana species in this region further emphasizes the benefits of utilizing an integrative taxonomic approach for uncovering hidden diversity and highlighting local endemism in the Western Ghats-Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot.

Genetic variation and differentiation in Indirana beddomii frogs endemic to the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1459-1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhilash Nair ◽  
Sujith V. Gopalan ◽  
Sanil George ◽  
K. Santhosh Kumar ◽  
Takahito Shikano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
The Western Ghats

scholarly journals Legumes of Kerala, India: a checklist

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 18257-18282
Author(s):  
Anoop P. Balan ◽  
S.V. Predeep
Keyword(s):  
Western Ghats ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
The State ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Voucher Specimens ◽  
Kerala State ◽  
The Western Ghats

A checklist of the legumes of Kerala State is presented.  This exhaustive checklist is an outcome of extensive field surveys, collection, identification and documentation of family Leguminosae carried out across Kerala State during the period 2006–2019.  A total of 448 taxa were recorded under five subfamilies and 115 genera.  The majority of the legumes are herbs and shrubs, the rest being trees and woody climbers.  About 81 taxa are endemic to India, especially confined to the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, out of which 17 are endemic to  Kerala.  The state is home to two Critically Endangered and six Endangered legumes, facing severe threat of extinction.  Crotalaria is the dominant legume genus in the state with 62 taxa followed by Desmodium and Indigofera.  About 57 genera are represented by single species each.  Legumes are treated according to the latest phylogenetic classification of the Legume Phylogeny Working Group (LPWG).  Updated nomenclature, habit, native countries, voucher specimens, and images of endemic and lesser known legumes found in the state are provided.  Crotalaria multiflora var. kurisumalayana (Sibichen & Nampy) Krishnaraj & N. Mohanan is reduced as a synonym to C. multiflora (Arn.) Benth.

Clonal propagation through stem cuttings and air layering in Syzygium caryophyllatum (L.) Alston an endemic tree Species of the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-87
Author(s):  
Abdul Hussain ◽  
C. Anilkumar
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Ideal Tool ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Western Ghats

Rooting trials conducted with stem cuttings and air layering in Syzygium caryophyllatum (L.) Alston, an important medicinal and fruit plant gave promising results after treatment with auxins such as IAA, IBA and NAA in different concentrations. Both stem cuttings and air layering from 10 year old plants have resulted a maximum rooting of 80% and 70% respectively through the application of IBA-1000ppm, in their natural habitats. The plants developed from stem cuttings and air layering was also survived with 90% success. Thus the standardized clonal propagation method in S. caryophyllatum through stem cutting and air layering reported for the first time can be taken as an ideal tool for the multiplication and subsequent resource base utilization of the species since the populations are prone to endangerment in its habitats.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document