Response to Comments on "Molecular Phylogenies Link Rates of Evolution and Speciation"

AbstractOpsins, combined with a chromophore, are the primary light-sensing molecules in animals and are crucial for color vision. Throughout animal evolution, duplications and losses of opsin proteins are common, but it is unclear what is driving these gains and losses. Light availability is implicated, and dim environments are often associated with low opsin diversity and loss. Correlations between high opsin diversity and bright environments, however, are tenuous. To test if increased light availability is associated with opsin diversification, we examined diel niche and identified opsins using transcriptomes and genomes of 175 butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera). We found 14 independent opsin duplications associated with bright environments. Estimating their rates of evolution revealed that opsins from diurnal taxa evolve faster—at least 13 amino acids were identified with higher dN/dS rates, with a subset close enough to the chromophore to tune the opsin. These results demonstrate that high light availability increases opsin diversity and evolution rate in Lepidoptera.

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ATP synthase subunit c/III/9 gene sequences as a tool for interkingdom and metaphytes molecular phylogenies

Journal of Molecular Evolution ◽

10.1007/bf00160236 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 292-303 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Herv� Recipon ◽

Roland Perasso ◽

Andr� Adoutte ◽

Francis Quetier

Keyword(s):

Atp Synthase ◽

Gene Sequences ◽

Subunit C ◽

Molecular Phylogenies

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Congruence between comparative morphology and molecular phylogenies: the final stage of evolution of the skeletal characters of male genitalia in the subtribe polyommatina (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae). Part 1. Valvae (distal part), aedeagus, and juxta

Entomological Review ◽

10.1134/s0013873816060014 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 96 (6) ◽

pp. 647-671

Author(s):

A. I. Korzeev ◽

A. A. Stekolnikov

Keyword(s):

Final Stage ◽

Male Genitalia ◽

Distal Part ◽

Comparative Morphology ◽

Molecular Phylogenies

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Rates of Evolution in Ancient DNA from Adelie Penguins

Science ◽

10.1126/science.1068105 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 295 (5563) ◽

pp. 2270-2273 ◽

Cited By ~ 219

Author(s):

D. M. Lambert

Keyword(s):

Ancient Dna ◽

Rates Of Evolution ◽

Adélie Penguins

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Carbon Black. I—A Study of Its Volatile Constituents

Rubber Chemistry and Technology ◽

10.5254/1.3535322 ◽

1928 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 485-497 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. R. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Carbon Black ◽

Volatile Matter ◽

Original Sample ◽

Missing Information ◽

Volatile Constituents ◽

Vulcanized Rubber ◽

Rates Of Evolution ◽

Temperature And Pressure ◽

The Relationship

Abstract The rates of evolution of gas from carbon black with variation of time, temperature, and pressure have been determined. Complete analyses have been made of five types of carbon black, which involve an organic combustion of the original sample, an organic combustion of the sample after the gases have been removed, a determination of the loss in weight represented by the gases removed, analyses of the gases removed, and finally a complete accounting, or balance, of the carbon in the steps considered. In an attempt to supply some missing information not revealed by the foregoing, some special gas analyses under varying conditions were made. The relationship between the amount and composition of volatile matter evolved from carbon blacks and the properties imparted to vulcanized rubber when compounded with these blacks has been studied.

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