scholarly journals The role of H3K36 methylation and associated methyltransferases in chromosome-specific gene regulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (40) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Lindehell ◽  
Alexander Glotov ◽  
Eshagh Dorafshan ◽  
Yuri B. Schwartz ◽  
Jan Larsson
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
H3k36 Methylation

scholarly journals Global Roles of Ssn6 in Tup1- and Nrg1-dependent Gene Regulation in the Fungal Pathogen,Candida albicans

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 2913-2925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana García-Sánchez ◽  
Abigail L. Mavor ◽  
Claire L. Russell ◽  
Silvia Argimon ◽  
Paul Dennison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Budding Yeast ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Phenotypic Switching ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Cellular Morphogenesis ◽  
Number Of Genes

In budding yeast, Tup1 and Ssn6/Cyc8 form a corepressor that regulates a large number of genes. This Tup1-Ssn6 corepressor appears to be conserved from yeast to man. In the pathogenic fungus Candida albicans, Tup1 regulates cellular morphogenesis, phenotypic switching, and metabolism, but the role of Ssn6 remains unclear. We show that there are clear differences in the morphological and invasive phenotypes of C. albicans ssn6 and tup1 mutants. Unlike Tup1, Ssn6 depletion promoted morphological events reminiscent of phenotypic switching rather than filamentous growth. Transcript profiling revealed minimal overlap between the Ssn6 and Tup1 regulons. Hypha-specific genes, which are repressed by Tup1 and Nrg1, were not derepressed in ssn6 cells under the conditions studied. In contrast, the phase specific gene WH11 was derepressed in ssn6 cells, but not in tup1 or nrg1 cells. Hence Ssn6 and Tup1 play distinct roles in C. albicans. Nevertheless, both Ssn6 and Tup1 were required for the Nrg1-mediated repression of an artificial NRE promoter, and lexA-Nrg1 mediated repression in the C. albicans one-hybrid system. These observations are explained in models that are generally consistent with the Tup1-Ssn6 paradigm in budding yeast.

scholarly journals Role of ZBP-89 in human globin gene regulation and erythroid differentiation

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (13) ◽  
pp. 3684-3693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Woo ◽  
Jonghwan Kim ◽  
Jian Xu ◽  
Hui Huang ◽  
Alan B. Cantor
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Globin Gene ◽  
Erythroid Differentiation ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Specific Gene Expression ◽  
Erythroid Maturation ◽  
Globin Gene Regulation

Abstract The molecular mechanisms underlying erythroid-specific gene regulation remain incompletely understood. Closely spaced binding sites for GATA, NF-E2/maf, and CACCC interacting transcription factors play functionally important roles in globin and other erythroid-specific gene expression. We and others recently identified the CACCC-binding transcription factor ZBP-89 as a novel GATA-1 and NF-E2/mafK interacting partner. Here, we examined the role of ZBP-89 in human globin gene regulation and erythroid maturation using a primary CD34+ cell ex vivo differentiation system. We show that ZBP-89 protein levels rise dramatically during human erythroid differentiation and that ZBP-89 occupies key cis-regulatory elements within the globin and other erythroid gene loci. ZBP-89 binding correlates strongly with RNA Pol II occupancy, active histone marks, and high-level gene expression. ZBP-89 physically associates with the histone acetyltransferases p300 and Gcn5/Trrap, and occupies common sites with Gcn5 within the human globin loci. Lentiviral short hairpin RNAs knockdown of ZBP-89 results in reduced Gcn5 occupancy, decreased acetylated histone 3 levels, lower globin and erythroid-specific gene expression, and impaired erythroid maturation. Addition of the histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid partially reverses the reduced globin gene expression. These findings reveal an activating role for ZBP-89 in human globin gene regulation and erythroid differentiation.

scholarly journals Lamina Associated Domains and Gene Regulation in Development and Cancer

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke J.A. Lochs ◽  
Samy Kefalopoulou ◽  
Jop Kind
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Nuclear Lamina ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Chromatin Binding ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Dynamic Structures ◽  
Spatial Positioning ◽  
Genomic Regions

The nuclear lamina (NL) is a thin meshwork of filaments that lines the inner nuclear membrane, thereby providing a platform for chromatin binding and supporting genome organization. Genomic regions contacting the NL are lamina associated domains (LADs), which contain thousands of genes that are lowly transcribed, and enriched for repressive histone modifications. LADs are dynamic structures that shift spatial positioning in accordance with cell-type specific gene expression changes during differentiation and development. Furthermore, recent studies have linked the disruption of LADs and alterations in the epigenome with the onset of diseases such as cancer. Here we focus on the role of LADs and the NL in gene regulation during development and cancer.

scholarly journals piRNA-mediated gene regulation and adaptation to sex-specific transposon expression in D. melanogaster male germline

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peiwei Chen ◽  
Alexei A. Kotov ◽  
Baira K. Godneeva ◽  
Sergei S. Bazylev ◽  
Ludmila V. Olenina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Protease Gene ◽  
Sumo Protease ◽  
Male Germline ◽  
Genome Defense ◽  
Transposon Silencing ◽  
Protein Encoding ◽  
Pirna Pathway

SUMMARYSmall non-coding piRNAs act as sequence-specific guides to repress complementary targets in Metazoa. Prior studies in Drosophila ovaries have demonstrated the function of piRNA pathway in transposon silencing and therefore genome defense. However, the ability of piRNA program to respond to different transposon landscape and the role of piRNAs in regulating host gene expression remain poorly understood. Here, we comprehensively analyzed piRNA expression and defined the repertoire of their targets in Drosophila melanogaster testes. Comparison of piRNA programs between sexes revealed sexual dimorphism in piRNA programs that parallel sex-specific transposon expression. Using a novel bioinformatic pipeline, we identified new piRNA clusters and established complex satellites as dual-strand piRNA clusters. While sharing most piRNA clusters, two sexes employ them differentially to combat sex-specific transposon landscape. We found several host genes targeted by piRNAs in testis, including CG12717/pita, a SUMO protease gene. piRNAs encoded on Y chromosome silence pita, but not its paralog, to exert sex- and paralog-specific gene regulation. Interestingly, pita is targeted by endogenous siRNAs in a sibling species, Drosophila mauritiana, suggesting distinct but related silencing strategies invented in recent evolution to regulate a conserved protein-encoding gene.

scholarly journals The role of H3K36 methylation and associated methyltransferases in chromosome-specific gene regulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Lindehell ◽  
Alexander Glotov ◽  
Eshagh Dorafshan ◽  
Yuri B Schwartz ◽  
Jan Larsson
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Dosage Compensation ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
H3k36 Methylation ◽  
Trithorax Group ◽  
Male Specific Lethal ◽  
Group Protein ◽  
Male Specific ◽  
Transcriptional Output

In Drosophila, two chromosomes require special mechanisms to balance their transcriptional output to the rest of the genome. These are the male-specific lethal complex targeting the male X-chromosome, and Painting of fourth targeting chromosome 4. The two systems are evolutionarily linked to dosage compensation of the X-chromosome and the chromosomes involved display specific chromatin structures. Here we explore the role of histone H3 tri-methylated at lysine 36 (H3K36me3) and the associated methyltransferases in these two chromosome-specific systems. We show that the loss of Set2 impairs the MSL complex mediated dosage compensation; however, the effect is not recapitulated by H3K36 replacement and indicates an alternative target of Set2. Unexpectedly, balanced transcriptional output from the 4th chromosome requires intact H3K36 and depends on the additive functions of NSD and the Trithorax group protein Ash1. We conclude that H3K36 methylation and the associated methyltransferases are important factors to balance transcriptional output of the male X-chromosome and the 4th chromosome. Furthermore, our study highlights the pleiotropic effects of these enzymes.

scholarly journals Role of cyclic AMP in the control of cell-specific gene expression

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 204-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Schmid ◽  
Doris Nitsch ◽  
Michael Boshart ◽  
Günther Schütz
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Specific Gene Expression
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