scholarly journals Dynamic earthquake triggering response tracks evolving unrest at Sierra Negra volcano, Galápagos Islands

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (39) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew F. Bell ◽  
Stephen Hernandez ◽  
John McCloskey ◽  
Mario Ruiz ◽  
Peter C. LaFemina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Earthquake Triggering ◽  
Sierra Negra Volcano ◽  
Sierra Negra

Geology of the Volcan Chico Area on Sierra Negra Volcano, Galapagos Islands

1973 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
pp. 2455 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN R. DELANEY ◽  
WAYNE E. COLONY ◽  
TERRENCE M. GERLACH ◽  
BERT E. NORDLIE
Keyword(s):  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Sierra Negra Volcano ◽  
Sierra Negra

scholarly journals Origin of color variations of thin, nano-sized layers of volcanic cinder from the Sierra Negra Volcano of the Galapagos Islands

Uniciencia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Alexis Debut ◽  
Theofilos Toulkeridis ◽  
Andrea V. Vaca ◽  
Carlos R. Arroyo
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Crystallographic Structure ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Interference Phenomenon ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Light Interference ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Sierra Negra Volcano ◽  
Sierra Negra

Volcanic cinder, also known as scoria, is an extrusive igneous rock that forms when gas-rich magmas of basaltic or andesitic composition cool quickly. It is typically dark in color, ranging from black to red depending on its chemical composition. Sometimes fresh cinder samples show a variety of shiny metallic colors on its surface ranging from blue to gold to silver. The origin of these colors has remained unknown up to now. Cinder samples from an eruptive event occurred in October 2005 have been collected in the surroundings of the Sierra Negra volcano in the Galápagos Islands. The samples’ crystallographic structure, chemical composition, and surface morphology have been analyzed using X-Ray diffractometry (XRD), energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDS) and a field gun emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Based on an extensive physical and chemical analysis, we were able to demonstrate that these colors are due to a light interference phenomenon. These results have a great potential to be used for a wide variety of purposes such as determining the temperature and composition of magma and evaluating volcanic samples for planetary studies.

scholarly journals Caldera resurgence during the 2018 eruption of Sierra Negra volcano, Galápagos Islands

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew F. Bell ◽  
Peter C. La Femina ◽  
Mario Ruiz ◽  
Falk Amelung ◽  
Marco Bagnardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Amplitude ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Galapagos Island ◽  
Shallow Reservoir ◽  
Surface Uplift ◽  
Magma Supply ◽  
Sierra Negra Volcano ◽  
Caldera Subsidence ◽  
Sierra Negra

AbstractRecent large basaltic eruptions began after only minor surface uplift and seismicity, and resulted in caldera subsidence. In contrast, some eruptions at Galápagos Island volcanoes are preceded by prolonged, large amplitude uplift and elevated seismicity. These systems also display long-term intra-caldera uplift, or resurgence. However, a scarcity of observations has obscured the mechanisms underpinning such behaviour. Here we combine a unique multiparametric dataset to show how the 2018 eruption of Sierra Negra contributed to caldera resurgence. Magma supply to a shallow reservoir drove 6.5 m of pre-eruptive uplift and seismicity over thirteen years, including an Mw5.4 earthquake that triggered the eruption. Although co-eruptive magma withdrawal resulted in 8.5 m of subsidence, net uplift of the inner-caldera on a trapdoor fault resulted in 1.5 m of permanent resurgence. These observations reveal the importance of intra-caldera faulting in affecting resurgence, and the mechanisms of eruption in the absence of well-developed rift systems.

scholarly journals Oceanic islands and climate: using a multi-criteria model of drivers of change to select key conservation areas in Galapagos

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Escobar-Camacho ◽  
Paulina Rosero ◽  
Mauricio Castrejón ◽  
Carlos F. Mena ◽  
Francisco Cuesta
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Drivers Of Change

AbstractThe unique marine and terrestrial ecosystems of the Galapagos Islands are highly vulnerable to human-based drivers of change, including the introduction of invasive species, unsustainable tourism, illegal fishing, overexploitation of ecosystem services, and climate change. These drivers can interact with climate-based drivers such as El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) at multiple temporal and spatial scales, exacerbating their negative impacts on already fragile ecosystems and the socioeconomic system of the Archipelago. In this review, we performed a literature review based on published literature from 1945 to 2020 and local and global climate databases to analyze drivers of change in the Galapagos. We developed and applied a spatial impact assessment model to identify high-ecological value areas with high sensitivity and exposure scores to environmental change drivers. We identified 13 priority HEVA that encompass ca. 23% (14,715 km2) of the Galapagos Archipelago, distributed in nearly 3% of the Galapagos Marine Reserve and 20% Galapagos National Park. Current and future impacts are likely to concentrate on the inhabited islands’ highlands, whereas marine impacts concentrate along most of the Galapagos Islands’ shorelines. These results are important for guiding the design and implementation of adaptation measures aimed at increasing ecosystem resilience and human adaptive capacity in the face of global environmental change. Overall, these results will be valuable in their application for preserving Galapagos biota, securing the provision of vital ecosystem services for resident human populations, and sustaining the nature-based tourism industry.

Household preferences for improved water services in the Galápagos Islands

2021 ◽  
pp. 100180
Author(s):  
William F. Vásquez ◽  
Nejem Raheem ◽  
Diego Quiroga ◽  
Valeria Ochoa-Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Water Services ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Household Preferences

scholarly journals Thysanoptera of the Galápagos Islands

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Hoddle ◽  
Laurence A. Mound
Keyword(s):  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Galápagos Islands

Shifting microbiomes complement life stage transitions and diet of the bird parasite Philornis downsi from the Galapagos Islands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polpass Arul Jose ◽  
Michael Ben‐Yosef ◽  
Paola Lahuatte ◽  
Charlotte E. Causton ◽  
George E. Heimpel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Stage ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Philornis Downsi ◽  
Bird Parasite
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