scholarly journals The neural basis of delayed gratification

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (49) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zilong Gao ◽  
Hanqing Wang ◽  
Chen Lu ◽  
Tiezhan Lu ◽  
Sean Froudist-Walsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Delayed Gratification ◽  
Neural Basis

scholarly journals Neural Basis of the Delayed Gratification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zilong Gao ◽  
Hanqing Wang ◽  
Chen Lu ◽  
Sean Froudist-Walsh ◽  
Ming Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Ventral Tegmental Area ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Optical Manipulation ◽  
Delayed Gratification ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Water Reward ◽  
Optical Activation

AbstractBalancing instant gratification versus delayed, but better gratification is important for optimizing survival and reproductive success. Although psychologists and neuroscientists have long attempted to study delayed gratification through human psychological and brain activity monitoring, and animal research, little is known about its neural basis. We successfully trained mice to perform a waiting-and-water-reward delayed gratification task and used these animals in physiological recording and optical manipulation of neuronal activity during the task to explore its neural basis. Our results showed that the activity of DA neurons in ventral tegmental area (VTA) increases steadily during the waiting period. Optical activation vs. silencing of these neurons, respectively, extends or reduces the duration of waiting. To interpret this data, we developed a reinforcement learning (RL) model that reproduces our experimental observations. In this model, steady increases in DAergic activity signal the value of waiting and support the hypothesis that delayed gratification involves real-time deliberation.TEASERSustained ramping dopaminergic activation helps individuals to resist impulsivity and wait for laerger but later return.

Emotional Reactivity to Visual Content as Revealed by ERP Component Clustering

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslaw Wyczesany ◽  
Szczepan J. Grzybowski ◽  
Jan Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Affective State ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Temporoparietal Junction ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. In the study, the neural basis of emotional reactivity was investigated. Reactivity was operationalized as the impact of emotional pictures on the self-reported ongoing affective state. It was used to divide the subjects into high- and low-responders groups. Independent sources of brain activity were identified, localized with the DIPFIT method, and clustered across subjects to analyse the visual evoked potentials to affective pictures. Four of the identified clusters revealed effects of reactivity. The earliest two started about 120 ms from the stimulus onset and were located in the occipital lobe and the right temporoparietal junction. Another two with a latency of 200 ms were found in the orbitofrontal and the right dorsolateral cortices. Additionally, differences in pre-stimulus alpha level over the visual cortex were observed between the groups. The attentional modulation of perceptual processes is proposed as an early source of emotional reactivity, which forms an automatic mechanism of affective control. The role of top-down processes in affective appraisal and, finally, the experience of ongoing emotional states is also discussed.

An Overview of the Neural Basis of Memory

2001 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 462-464
Author(s):  
Roberto Cabeza
Keyword(s):  
Neural Basis

Memory Disorders: A Review of Their Neural Basis

1990 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 779-779
Author(s):  
Jeri S. Janowsky
Keyword(s):  
Memory Disorders ◽  
Neural Basis

Expectations and delayed gratification in bonobos

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey R. Stevens ◽  
Alexandra G. Rosati ◽  
Sarah R. Heilbronner
Keyword(s):  
Delayed Gratification
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