scholarly journals Applied science facilitates the large-scale expansion of protected areas in an Amazonian hot spot

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (31) ◽  
pp. eabe2998
Author(s):  
Nigel C.A. Pitman ◽  
Corine F. Vriesendorp ◽  
Diana Alvira Reyes ◽  
Debra K. Moskovits ◽  
Nicholas Kotlinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
International Commitments

Meeting international commitments to protect 17% of terrestrial ecosystems worldwide will require >3 million square kilometers of new protected areas and strategies to create those areas in a way that respects local communities and land use. In 2000–2016, biological and social scientists worked to increase the protected proportion of Peru’s largest department via 14 interdisciplinary inventories covering >9 million hectares of this megadiverse corner of the Amazon basin. In each landscape, the strategy was the same: convene diverse partners, identify biological and sociocultural assets, document residents’ use of natural resources, and tailor the findings to the needs of decision-makers. Nine of the 14 landscapes have since been protected (5.7 million hectares of new protected areas), contributing to a quadrupling of conservation coverage in Loreto (from 6 to 23%). We outline the methods and enabling conditions most crucial for successfully applying similar campaigns elsewhere on Earth.

scholarly journals Relação entre a evolução do uso da terra com as unidades geomorfológicas no município de Riachão das Neves (BA)

GeoTextos ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosana Sumiya Gurgel ◽  
Osmar Abílio de Carvalho Júnior ◽  
Roberto Arnaldo Trancoso Gomes ◽  
Renato Fontes Guimarães ◽  
Éder De Souza Martins
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Visual Interpretation ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Terrain Attributes ◽  
Multitemporal Analysis ◽  
Alos Prism

A apropriação do meio natural pelo homem estabelece estratégias próprias de produção e organização espacial. O presente trabalho possui como objetivo realizar uma análise multitemporal do uso e da cobertura da terra nas últimas duas décadas no município de Riachão das Neves, considerando as unidades geomorfológicas e as adequações às leis ambientais. Com este propósito, a metodologia adota técnicas de geoprocessamento validadas por trabalho de campo. O processamento dos dados pode ser subdividido nas seguintes etapas: (a) análise multitemporal do avanço agrícola, (b) delimitação das Áreas de Proteção Permanente (APP), e (c) identificação do uso inadequado das áreas protegidas por lei. A análise multitemporal utiliza-se de imagens de alta resolução espacial do sensor ALOS-PRISM referente ao ano de 2008 e uma série temporal de imagens do sensor LANDSAT referente aos anos 1988, 1992, 1996, 2000, 2004 e 2008. Riachão das Neves ainda possui aproximadamente 67% de área de vegetação natural. Existe um nítido controle geomorfológico no sistema de produção. Nas áreas de Depressão e Vale o uso está concentrado próximo aos rios pelos pequenos proprietários de terra, em sua maioria pecuaristas, enquanto que em áreas de Chapada o uso da terra está dominado pela agricultura mecanizada de grande escala. Abstract LAND USE EVOLUTION AND GEOMORPHOLOGICAL UNIT RELATIONSHIP IN RIACHÃO DAS NEVES COUNTY (BA): EFFECTS IN PROTECTED AREAS The appropriation of the natural environment by man establishes strategies of spatial production and organization. This work aims to perform a multitemporal analysis of land use and land cover in the last two decades in Riachão das Neves County, considering the terrain attributes and the adequacy of environmental laws. The methodology adopts remote sensing and GIS techniques and field work. The data processing can be subdivided into the following steps: (a) multitemporal analysis of agricultural expansion, (b) protected areas mapping, and (c) identification of inappropriate use of protected areas. Multitemporal analysis using ALOS-PRISM sensor with high spatial resolution for 2008 and the Landsat imagery from 1988, 1992, 1996, 2000, 2004 and 2008. The classification process was done by visual interpretation and checking of field work. Riachão das Neves has approximately 67% of the natural vegetation. There is an apparent geomorphological control on the production system. In the Depression and Valley areas, the land use is concentrated around the rivers by small farmers, mostly livestock farming, while in the Plateau areas the land use is dominated by large scale mechanized agriculture.

scholarly journals Assessing the wildfire activity in protected areas of the Amazon basin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Da Ponte ◽  
Fermin Alcasena ◽  
Tejas Bhagwat ◽  
Zhongyang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Burned Area ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Fire Control ◽  
Burned Areas ◽  
Burn Probability ◽  
Fire Ignition

<p>Despite  growing concerns regarding the Amazonian wildfires, the magnitude of the problem is poorly understood. In this study, we assessed the wildfire activity in the  protected natural sites (n= 428) of Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guyana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela, encompassing an area of 1.4 million km<sup>2 </sup>of the Amazon basin. A 250 m resolution spectroradiometer sensor imaging (MODIS) was used to obtain land-use/land-cover (MODIS land use land cover product) changes and derive the wildfire activity data (ignition locations and burned areas (MODIS active fire products)) from 2001 to 2018. First, we characterized the mean fire return interval, wildfire occurrence, and empiric burn probability. Then, we implemented a transmission analysis to assess the burned area from incoming fires. We used transmission analysis to characterize the land use and anthropic activities associated to fire ignition locations across the different countries. On average, 867 km <sup>2</sup> of natural forests were burned in protected natural sites annually, and about 85 incoming fires per year from neighboring areas accounted for 10.5% (9,128 ha) of the burned area. The most affected countries were Brazil (53%), Bolivia (24%), and Venezuela (16%).Considerable amount of fire ignition points were detected in open savannas (29%) and grasslands (41%) , where the fire is periodically used to clear extensive grazing properties. The incoming fires from savannas were responsible for burning the largest forest areas within protected sites, affecting as much as 9,800 ha in a single fire event. In conclusion, we  discuss the potential implications of the main socioeconomic factors and environmental policies that could explain increasing trends of burned areas. Wildfire risk mitigation strategies include the fire ignition prevention in developed areas, fire use regulation in rural communities, increased fuels management efforts in the buffer areas surrounding natural sites, and the early detection system that may facilitate a rapid and effective fire control response. Our analysis and quantitative outcomes describing the fire activity represent a sound science-based approach for an well defined wildfire management within the protected areas of the Amazonian basin.</p>

scholarly journals Multi-functional benefits from targeted set-aside land in a Danish catchment

AMBIO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 1808-1819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Hashemi ◽  
Brian Kronvang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Ecological Quality ◽  
Thematic Layers ◽  
Load Model ◽  
Groundwater Aquifers ◽  
Total Welfare

Abstract In this study, we explored how a targeted land use change in a Danish catchment (River Odense) may provide multi-functional benefits through nitrogen (N)-load reductions to obtain good ecological quality in Odense estuary, protection of N-vulnerable groundwater aquifers, protection of Natura2000 sites and carbon sequestration. An N-load model linked to GIS thematic layers of known protected areas (Natura2000 sites and N-vulnerable groundwater aquifers) was utilised targeting high N-load areas to locate set-aside land. The achieved multi-functional benefits within the catchment and estuary were assessed and cost–benefit assessment was performed by dividing the total welfare costs of the set-aside by the total multi-functional benefits gained from each strategy. The results show that obtaining multi-functional benefits at the lowest cost requires a targeted shift of set-aside from the traditional hot-spot N-load areas to designated protected areas.

Species protection in areas conserved through community-driven direct democracy as compared with a large private land trust in California

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Benjamin J Crain ◽  
James N Sanchirico ◽  
Kailin Kroetz ◽  
Amy E Benefield ◽  
Paul R Armsworth
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Habitat Diversity ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Private Land ◽  
Natural Diversity

SummaryProtected area systems include sites preserved by various institutions and mechanisms, but the benefits to biodiversity provided by different types of sites are poorly understood. Protected areas established by local communities for various reasons may provide complementary benefits to those established by large-scale agencies and organizations. Local communities are geographically constrained, however, and it remains unclear how effectively they protect biodiversity. We explored this issue by focusing on protected areas established through direct democracy via local ballot initiatives whereby communities vote to tax themselves for open space preservation. We compared the effectiveness of local ballot-protected areas to areas protected by a large-scale conservation actor, The Nature Conservancy (TNC). We evaluated how well the two protected area types correspond with amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals and special status elements of natural diversity. Local ballot-protected areas differed from those of TNC in terms of size, location, proximity to urban areas and habitat diversity. In terms of potential habitat coverage, local ballot-protected areas outperformed TNC sites for all species groups with the exception of special status elements of natural diversity. While not necessarily targeting wildlife and habitats, we conclude that locally established protected areas can make an important contribution to biodiversity conservation.

scholarly journals Community Activities and the Impacts on the Environment at Krau Wildlife Reserve, Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 33-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Che Bon Ahmad ◽  
Jamalunlaili Abdullah ◽  
Jasmee Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
International Publishing ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
Wildlife Reserve ◽  
Open Access Article

Protected Areas (PAs) are signißcantfor ecosystem and communities. Studies suggested that land use activities carried out by the community surrounding the PAs could increase the pressure to the latter. Thus, this study is to identify the land use activities carried out by them, and to ascertain its spatial impact towards KWR. This study chooses a RS techniques and ground verißcation using GPS. 7he ßndings conßrm that there are land use activities performed by the communities, mostly on flat and less at hilly and undulating areas. Large scale plantations and encroachment are the major impact on the KWR. Keywords: Protected Areas; community; land cover and land use activities; remote sensing techniques; GPS; ground verißcation; Krau Wildlife Reserve eISSN 2514-751X © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. https://doi.org/10.21834/aje-bs.v3i8.277     

scholarly journals Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3059
Author(s):  
Jose Holguin-Veras ◽  
Diana Ramirez-Rios ◽  
Juvena Ng ◽  
Jeffrey Wojtowicz ◽  
Daniel Haake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Unintended Effects ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Land Use Decisions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Negative Impacts

Land-use planning and policymaking is central to how communities manage their economic activity and the social and environmental impacts these activities produce. Because of this central role, enhancing land-use practices to better incorporate the needs and impacts of freight activity has strong potential to improve the efficiency of their associated supply chains. This paper summarizes the key findings of the NCFRP 08-111 project on “Freight-Efficient Land Uses (FELUs)”, probably the most comprehensive research project to date aimed at designing policy procedures to foster land-uses that minimize the private and external costs associated with the production, transportation, and consumption of goods. As part of the paper, the authors define freight efficient land-uses, identify the principles that should guide the process towards FELUs, outline the process to develop FELU plans and programs, propose to analyze the freight efficiency of current and future land uses in their jurisdictions, and identify complementary initiatives (both land-use and transportation related) that could help mitigate the negative impacts on local communities. The authors discuss three illustrative cases that provide evidence on how land-use decisions produce unintended effects on local communities. The paper explains how decision makers can carefully consider the FELU principles in their planning and avoid or mitigate such negative results.

scholarly journals Large-scale commodity agriculture exacerbates the climatic impacts of Amazonian deforestation

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (7) ◽  
pp. e2023787118
Author(s):  
Eduardo Eiji Maeda ◽  
Temesgen Alemayehu Abera ◽  
Mika Siljander ◽  
Luiz E. O. C. Aragão ◽  
Yhasmin Mendes de Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Climatic Impacts

In the Amazon rainforest, land use following deforestation is diverse and dynamic. Mounting evidence indicates that the climatic impacts of forest loss can also vary considerably, depending on specific features of the affected areas. The size of the deforested patches, for instance, was shown to modulate the characteristics of local climatic impacts. Nonetheless, the influence of different types of land use and management strategies on the magnitude of local climatic changes remains uncertain. Here, we evaluated the impacts of large-scale commodity farming and rural settlements on surface temperature, rainfall patterns, and energy fluxes. Our results reveal that changes in land–atmosphere coupling are induced not only by deforestation size but also, by land use type and management patterns inside the deforested areas. We provide evidence that, in comparison with rural settlements, deforestation caused by large-scale commodity agriculture is more likely to reduce convective rainfall and increase land surface temperature. We demonstrate that these differences are mainly caused by a more intensive management of the land, resulting in significantly lower vegetation cover throughout the year, which reduces latent heat flux. Our findings indicate an urgent need for alternative agricultural practices, as well as forest restoration, for maintaining ecosystem processes and mitigating change in the local climates across the Amazon basin.

scholarly journals Conservation attention necessary across at least 44% of Earth’s terrestrial area to safeguard biodiversity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Allan ◽  
Hugh P. Possingham ◽  
Scott C. Atkinson ◽  
Anthony Waldron ◽  
Moreno Di Marco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Species Distributions ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Spatially Explicit ◽  
Human Land Use ◽  
Land Use Scenarios ◽  
Land Use Policies ◽  
Adequate Representation

More ambitious conservation efforts are needed to stop the global degradation of ecosystems and the extinction of the species that comprise them. Here, we estimate the minimum amount of land needed to secure known important sites for biodiversity, Earth’s remaining wilderness, and the optimal locations for adequate representation of terrestrial species distributions and ecoregions. We discover that at least 64 million km2 (43.6% of Earth’s terrestrial area) requires conservation attention either through site-scale interventions (e.g. protected areas) or landscape-scale responses (e.g. land-use policies). Spatially explicit land-use scenarios show that 1.2 million km2 of land requiring conservation attention is projected to be lost to intensive human land-use by 2030 and therefore requires immediate protection. Nations, local communities and industry are urged to implement the actions necessary to safeguard the land areas critical for conserving biodiversity.

Characterising essential breeding habitat for whales informs the development of large-scale Marine Protected Areas in the South Pacific

2016 ◽  
Vol 548 ◽  
pp. 263-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
RE Lindsay ◽  
R Constantine ◽  
J Robbins ◽  
DK Mattila ◽  
A Tagarino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Breeding Habitat ◽  
The South
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