scholarly journals Global political responsibility for the conservation of albatrosses and large petrels

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. eabd7225
Author(s):  
Martin Beal ◽  
Maria P. Dias ◽  
Richard A. Phillips ◽  
Steffen Oppel ◽  
Carolina Hazin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Species ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Political Responsibility ◽  
Management Framework ◽  
Global Management ◽  
Marine Realm ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Political Borders ◽  
Regional Fisheries Management Organizations ◽  
High Seas

Migratory marine species cross political borders and enter the high seas, where the lack of an effective global management framework for biodiversity leaves them vulnerable to threats. Here, we combine 10,108 tracks from 5775 individual birds at 87 sites with data on breeding population sizes to estimate the relative year-round importance of national jurisdictions and high seas areas for 39 species of albatrosses and large petrels. Populations from every country made extensive use of the high seas, indicating the stake each country has in the management of biodiversity in international waters. We quantified the links among national populations of these threatened seabirds and the regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs) which regulate fishing in the high seas. This work makes explicit the relative responsibilities that each country and RFMO has for the management of shared biodiversity, providing invaluable information for the conservation and management of migratory species in the marine realm.

Development and Implementation of Integrated Quality Management Framework in Management Education

2020 ◽  
pp. 200-216
Author(s):  
Yanamandra Ramakrishna ◽  
A. M. Sakkthivel
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Management Framework ◽  
Global Management ◽  
Education Major ◽  
Global Quality ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
The World ◽  
Quality Framework ◽  
Different Parts

This chapter focuses on developing and implementing an integrated and inclusive quality management framework in Management Education considering possible future changes. The chapter reviews existing global management education, major global quality standards and practices of management education such as AACSB, AMBA, EFMD, etc., and several existing quality management frameworks and models in management education proposed by research scholars from different parts of the world. The study found the gaps that exist through analyses of different leading accreditation standards such as AACSB, AMBA, EFMD, etc. and provides an all-inclusive quality framework for management education bridging the gaps found and considering the future requirements. The new framework would enable higher education institutions offering management education to achieve internal excellence and enable them to work on accreditation for any global standards which they choose to use.

scholarly journals The distribution of heterozygosity in temperate and tropical species of Drosophila

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. H. Latter
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Population ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Average Intensity ◽  
Consistent Difference ◽  
Neutral Model ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
The Mean

SUMMARYElectrophoretic surveys for nine species of Drosophila have been summarized in terms of the relative contribution to heterozygosity of each of ten gene frequency classes, the mean frequency of heterozygotes within subpopulations, and the degree of genetic divergence between subpopulations. It has been shown that the neutral model proposed by Kimura, and modified by Ohta to include the accumulation of slightly disadvantageous mutations, is capable of explaining all features of the data. The consistent difference between group I and group II enzymes can be explained by a difference in the average intensity of selection against mutational variants in the two groups. A highly significant difference between the temperate and tropical species in the distribution of heterozygosity appears to be due to the smaller effective breeding population sizes in the case of the temperate species.

Energy requirements and food consumption of Eudyptes penguins at the Prince Edward Islands

1989 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Bioenergetic Model ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Prince Edward Islands ◽  
Eudyptes Chrysolophus ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Moulting Cycle

Macaroni penguins (Eudyptes chrysolophus) and rockhopper penguins (E. chrysocome) account for a substantial proportion of the avian biomass at the subantarctic Prince Edward Islands (47°S, 38°E) in summer, when both species are breeding at the islands. Information on breeding population sizes, breeding and moulting activities, and diets were combined with measurements of the penguins' energy expenditures to construct a bioenergetic model of their energy requirements and food consumption at the islands. Total energy requirements of adults and chicks amounted to 460 × 109 kJ and 162 × 109 kJ for macaroni and rockhopper penguins, respectively. Food consumption was estimated to amount to a total of 166 000 tonnes during the seven-month breeding and moulting cycle, of which macaroni penguins consumed 75%. Most, if not all, of this food is taken within a 200-km radius of the islands. Available information suggests that potential primary production in the immediate vicinity of the islands is sufficient to support the macaroni and rockhopper penguin populations. However, the importance in the diets of the penguins of several prey species more typical of Antarctic and subtropical regions suggests that the penguins rely to a large extent on the importation of prey populations from other areas.

Turnover in Breeding Bird Populations on Rottnest I. Western Australia

1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 467 ◽  
Author(s):  
DA Saunders ◽  
Rebeira CP de
Keyword(s):  
Turnover Rate ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Extinction Rate ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Breeding Bird ◽  
Bird Populations ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
The Right ◽  
Do So

The avifauna of Rottnest Island, W.A., has been surveyed four times between 1904 and 1983: by Lawson in 1904, Glauert (1928), Storr between 1953 and 1962, and ourselves between 1981 and 1983. There were three recorded extinctions and 10 immigrations in the 79-year period, but none of the extinctions and only three of the immigrations could be regarded as valid for calculating natural turnover rates. The remainder had been influenced by human activity; therefore the avifauna extinction rate for Rottnest Island was 0, the immigration rate was 0.04% per year for non-marine species of bird and the relative turnover rate for the 79 years was 0.12% per year. These results for Rottnest I. support the view of Abbott (1978, 1980) that for Australian islands, immigrations and extinctions are infrequent and turnover of breeding species is also infrequent. There have been 109 sightings of vagrants recorded for the island between 1905 and 1983; only one of these had individuals present in sufficient numbers during the breeding season to establish a breeding population. The data show that for one Australian island natural extinctions of both passerines and non-passerines are rare. Water does act as a barrier and although birds do cross water and often appear as vagrants, they very rarely do so in sufficient numbers or at the right time to establish breeding populations.

A population decline in Weddell seals: real or sampling artefact?

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Green ◽  
V Wong ◽  
HR Burton
Keyword(s):  
Food Availability ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
Weddell Seals ◽  
Population Sizes

Aerial counts of Weddell seals during the moult did not provide a useful index of population trends. Seals may spent longer foraging in the water in some years than in others (possibly because of changes in food availability), with the result that differing proportions of the population are counted in different years. It is concluded that little can be inferred about interannual differences in population sizes without reference to the size of the breeding population.

scholarly journals Climate-smart, 3-D protected areas in the high seas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Brito Morales ◽  
David Schoeman ◽  
Carissa Klein ◽  
Daniel Dunn ◽  
Jason Everett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Reserves ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Reserve Design ◽  
Planning Approach ◽  
High Seas

Abstract Marine species are moving rapidly in response to warming, often in different directions and with variations by location and depth. This poses challenges to conventional reserve design. We develop a three-dimensional planning approach for the high seas that conserves biodiversity, minimises exposure to climate change, retains species within reserve boundaries, and reduces fishing conflict. Resultant climate-smart networks cover 11% of the high seas (5% of the ocean) and represent low-regret conservation options that are the first places to designate as new high-seas marine reserves. With the current push to increase the area of ocean under protection to 30%, we must confront the challenges of climate-smart three-dimensional conservation in the 41% of the ocean that is beyond countries’ jurisdictions.

Development and Implementation of Integrated Quality Management Framework in Management Education

2021 ◽  
pp. 790-805
Author(s):  
Yanamandra Ramakrishna ◽  
A. M. Sakkthivel
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Management Framework ◽  
Global Management ◽  
Education Major ◽  
Global Quality ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
The World ◽  
Quality Framework ◽  
Different Parts

This chapter focuses on developing and implementing an integrated and inclusive quality management framework in Management Education considering possible future changes. The chapter reviews existing global management education, major global quality standards and practices of management education such as AACSB, AMBA, EFMD, etc., and several existing quality management frameworks and models in management education proposed by research scholars from different parts of the world. The study found the gaps that exist through analyses of different leading accreditation standards such as AACSB, AMBA, EFMD, etc. and provides an all-inclusive quality framework for management education bridging the gaps found and considering the future requirements. The new framework would enable higher education institutions offering management education to achieve internal excellence and enable them to work on accreditation for any global standards which they choose to use.

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