scholarly journals Inflight fiber printing toward array and 3D optoelectronic and sensing architectures

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (40) ◽  
pp. eaba0931
Author(s):  
Wenyu Wang ◽  
Karim Ouaras ◽  
Alexandra L. Rutz ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
Magda Gerigk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Spatiotemporal Resolution ◽  
Fiber Arrays ◽  
Conventional Film ◽  
A Cell ◽  
One Step

Scalability and device integration have been prevailing issues limiting our ability in harnessing the potential of small-diameter conducting fibers. We report inflight fiber printing (iFP), a one-step process that integrates conducting fiber production and fiber-to-circuit connection. Inorganic (silver) or organic {PEDOT:PSS [poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate]} fibers with 1- to 3-μm diameters are fabricated, with the fiber arrays exhibiting more than 95% transmittance (350 to 750 nm). The high surface area–to–volume ratio, permissiveness, and transparency of the fiber arrays were exploited to construct sensing and optoelectronic architectures. We show the PEDOT:PSS fibers as a cell-interfaced impedimetric sensor, a three-dimensional (3D) moisture flow sensor, and noncontact, wearable/portable respiratory sensors. The capability to design suspended fibers, networks of homo cross-junctions and hetero cross-junctions, and coupling iFP fibers with 3D-printed parts paves the way to additive manufacturing of fiber-based 3D devices with multilatitude functions and superior spatiotemporal resolution, beyond conventional film-based device architectures.

scholarly journals Inflight Fluidic Fibre Printing Towards Array and 3D Optoelectronic and Sensing Architectures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Wang ◽  
Karim Ouarus ◽  
Alexandra L. Rutz ◽  
xia li ◽  
Magda Gerigk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Fibre Production ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Metallic Silver ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Moisture Sensor ◽  
Conventional Film

<div>Scalability and device-integration have been prevailing issues limiting our ability in harnessing the full potential of small-diameter conducting fibres. We report inflight fluidic fibre printing, a rapid, low-cost route that integrates the entire process of conducting fibre production and fibre-to-circuit connection, in a single step under sub-100 °C ambient atmospheres. Metallic (silver) or organic (PEDOT:PSS) fibres with 1-3 μm diameter are fabricated, and the fibre arrays exhibit over 95 % transmittance in the 350-750 nm region. We exploit combinations of the unique fibre characteristics: directionality, high surface-area-to-volume ratio, and permissiveness, along with transparency and conductivity. Using PEDOT:PSS fibres as a cell-interfaced impedimetric</div><div>sensor and a moisture sensor, we show that even a single fibre component can achieve complex functions or outperform conventional film-based devices. The capability to design suspended fibres and networks of homo-, hetero- cross-junctions, paves the way to applications including</div><div>flow-permissive devices, and 3D optoelectronic and sensor architectures.</div>

scholarly journals Inflight Fluidic Fibre Printing Towards Array and 3D Optoelectronic and Sensing Architectures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Wang ◽  
Karim Ouarus ◽  
Alexandra L. Rutz ◽  
xia li ◽  
Magda Gerigk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Fibre Production ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Metallic Silver ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Moisture Sensor ◽  
Conventional Film

<div>Scalability and device-integration have been prevailing issues limiting our ability in harnessing the full potential of small-diameter conducting fibres. We report inflight fluidic fibre printing, a rapid, low-cost route that integrates the entire process of conducting fibre production and fibre-to-circuit connection, in a single step under sub-100 °C ambient atmospheres. Metallic (silver) or organic (PEDOT:PSS) fibres with 1-3 μm diameter are fabricated, and the fibre arrays exhibit over 95 % transmittance in the 350-750 nm region. We exploit combinations of the unique fibre characteristics: directionality, high surface-area-to-volume ratio, and permissiveness, along with transparency and conductivity. Using PEDOT:PSS fibres as a cell-interfaced impedimetric</div><div>sensor and a moisture sensor, we show that even a single fibre component can achieve complex functions or outperform conventional film-based devices. The capability to design suspended fibres and networks of homo-, hetero- cross-junctions, paves the way to applications including</div><div>flow-permissive devices, and 3D optoelectronic and sensor architectures.</div>

One-Step Synthesis of Nano-Size Iron Oxide /Three-Dimensional Wormlike Hierarchical Mesoporous SiO2 Catalysts and its Catalytic Performance on Phenol Hydroxylation

2013 ◽  
Vol 662 ◽  
pp. 202-206
Author(s):  
Jia Feng Wu ◽  
Yu Mei Zhao ◽  
Peng Liang
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Phenol Hydroxylation ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
One Step ◽  
Hierarchical Pore ◽  
Nano Size

A series of nano-sized iron oxide supported on 3D wormlike hierarchical mesoporous SiO2 catalysts were synthesized by one-step hydrothermal synthesis. The samples were characterized by XRD, N2 sorption, FT-IR, UV–Vis, TEM and ICP-AES. The catalysts were probed for the oxidation of phenol employing hydrogen peroxide. The results indicate that the materials exhibit high surface area and 3D wormlike hierarchical pore, iron ions exist as isolated framework species when the weight percentage content of iron is below 0.24 and nano-size iron oxide is dispersed in the surface (iron content above 0.24 wt%). Catalytic performance indicates that nano-size iron oxide supported on SiO2 is useful to enhance both the catalytic activity and the selectivity of target products compared with isolated iron species.

Thermal Conductance of a Surface Phonon-Polariton Crystal Made up of Polar Nanorods

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Ordonez-Miranda ◽  
Karl Joulain ◽  
Younes Ezzahri
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transport ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Thermal Conductance ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Phonon Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Propagation Length ◽  
Surface Phonon ◽  
Surface Phonon Polariton

AbstractWe demonstrate that the energy transport of surface phonon-polaritons can be large enough to be observable in a crystal made up of a three-dimensional assembly of nanorods of silicon carbide. The ultralow phonon thermal conductivity of this nanostructure along with its high surface area-to-volume ratio allows the predominance of the polariton energy over that generated by phonons. The dispersion relation, propagation length, and thermal conductance of polaritons are numerically determined as functions of the radius and temperature of the nanorods. It is shown that the thermal conductance of a crystal with nanorods at 500 K and diameter (length) of 200 nm (20 μm) is 0.55 nW·K−1, which is comparable to the quantum of thermal conductance of polar nanowires.

Effects of macroalgal morphology on marine epifaunal diversity

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (8) ◽  
pp. 1697-1707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Xuan Gan ◽  
Ywee Chieh Tay ◽  
Danwei Huang
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Invertebrate Diversity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Host Habitat ◽  
Negative Effect

AbstractMacroalgae play important ecological roles, including as hosts for a wide range of epifauna. However, the diversity relationships between macroalgae and epifauna are poorly understood for most tropical host species and algal morphologies. This study aims to characterize and analyse the diversity of invertebrates present amongst macroalgae with three distinct morphologies (three-dimensional, filamentous and foliose) across different tropical intertidal sites in Singapore. Morphological and DNA barcoding tools were employed for epifaunal species identification, and ordination statistics and multiple linear regression were used to test the effects of algal morphology, species and site on community structure and diversity of epiphytic invertebrates. Overall, epifaunal communities were distinct among sites and algal morphologies, and diversity was affected significantly by algal morphology. In particular, filamentous macroalgae hosted the highest abundance of epifauna dominated mainly by amphipods, which were able to take advantage of the high surface area to volume ratio in filamentous algal mats as a consequence of their thinner forms. Foliose species showed a significantly negative effect on invertebrate diversity. Our findings highlight the diverse associations between intertidal macroalgae and invertebrates with high turnover between algal morphology and sites that contribute to the high biodiversity of tropical shores. Future studies should consider the effects of the host habitat, seasonality and more algal species on epifaunal diversity.

Effects of scale and interface on the three-dimensional micromechanics of polymer nanocomposites

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (24) ◽  
pp. 2537-2546 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. Snipes ◽  
C.T. Robinson ◽  
S.C. Baxter
Keyword(s):  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Interfacial Region ◽  
Creep Response

Nanocomposite materials hold the power to revitalize and revolutionize the field of composite materials. Nanoscaled, even common materials can exhibit strikingly different material properties from the bulk counterparts. If these properties can be accessed at the bulk scale, not only can materials be better tailored to suit various applications, but the possibility of designing multi-functional materials expands exponentially. In this study, the Generalized Method of Cells (GMC) micromechanics model is used to model 3D nanoscale composite architecture, including an interfacial region between the included and matrix phases, and predict the effective viscoelastic properties of a gold nanorod, polymer matrix, nanocomposite. Scale is introduced by referencing the dimensions of the interface to those of the nanorods. Comparisons are made of micromechanical response based on volume fraction and number density, highlighting the scale effects resulting from the high surface area to volume ratio of nanoparticles. Effective composite viscoelastic properties were developed, for static creep, for varying interfacial elastic stiffnesses. These experiments suggest that an elastically stiff interface greatly increases the stiffness of the polymer in response to an ‘instantaneous’ step load, reduces the rapid creep response, and results in a rapid leveling off of the time-dependent strain curves. The response of the composite to increasing stiffness of the interface region eventually reaches a plateau or threshold value, where further increases in the stiffness of the interface produces negligible increases in stiffness, or further reduction in creep response.

scholarly journals Microfluidic one-step synthesis of alginate microspheres immobilized with antibodies

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (88) ◽  
pp. 20130566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanyu Chen ◽  
Jong-Hoon Kim ◽  
Di Zhang ◽  
Kyong-Hoon Lee ◽  
G. A. Cangelosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Affinity ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Droplet Microfluidics ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
One Step

Micrometre- and submicrometre-size functionalized beads are frequently used to capture targets of interest from a biological sample for biological characterizations and disease diagnosis. The main challenge of the microbead-based assay is in the immobilization of probe molecules onto the microbead surfaces. In this paper, we report a versatile droplet microfluidics method to fabricate alginate microspheres while simultaneously immobilizing anti- Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex IgY and anti- Escherichia coli IgG antibodies primarily on the porous alginate carriers for specific binding and binding affinity tests. The binding affinity of antibodies is directly measured by fluorescence intensity of stained target bacteria on the microspheres. We demonstrate that the functionalized alginate microspheres yield specificity comparable with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The high surface area-to-volume ratio of the functionalized porous alginate microspheres improves the detection limit. By using the droplet microfluidics, we can easily modify the size and shape of alginate microspheres, and increase the concentration of functionalized alginate microspheres to further enhance binding kinetics and enable multiplexing.

Negative oxygen ion (NOI) production by enhanced photocatalytic TiO2/GO composites anchored on wooden substrates

Holzforschung ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-422
Author(s):  
Xiaoshuai Han ◽  
Zhenxing Wang ◽  
Qinqin Zhang ◽  
Yan Lv ◽  
Junwen Pu
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Oxygen Ions ◽  
Oxygen Ion ◽  
One Step ◽  
Very High

Abstract Titanium dioxide (TiO2)/graphene oxide (GO)-treated wood was fabricated through a one-step hydrothermal-vacuum dipping technique, in which silica sol serves as a dispersant and linker owing to its good stability and high surface area, while the visible light activates TiO2/GO and negative oxygen ions (NOI) arise. This approach exhibits a super dye adsorption capacity and enhanced photocatalytic efficiency. In focus was the effect of the three-dimensional (3D) GO dopant on the NOI production, which was very high in this system. Namely, the concentration of NOI is up to 1710 ions cm−3 after 60 min visible light irradiation. Moreover, recycling experiments show that the properties of a TiO2/GO-wood system are stable. The TiO2/GO-treated wood is a healthy, environmentally friendly material which is promising for indoor decoration.

DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTROSPUN POLY(VINYLPYRROLIDONE) (PVP) NANOFIBER MATS LOADED BY CALENDULA OFFICINALIS EXTRACT AND COENZYME Q10

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanja Rackov ◽  
◽  
Aleksandra Nešić ◽  
Milan Vraneš ◽  
Branka Pilić
Keyword(s):  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Polymer Carrier ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Electrospun systems can be applied to various areas, particularly in biomedicine for skin treatment. The fabricated nanofibers represent an interconnected three-dimensional network with a high surface area to volume ratio providing structural and morphological similarities with the extracellular matrix. Hence, facilitate the removal of exudates, promote gaseous exchange, conform to the contour of the treated area and in the case of drug-loaded nanofibers resulting in improved bioavailability. Polyvinylpyrrolidone was selected as a polymer carrier due to its biocompatible, hydrophilic nature with good chemical and mechanical properties, approved by the U.S. FDA (Food and Drug Administration) as a safe polymer for biomedical and food applications. Calendula officinalis or Marigold extract is one of the oldest medical plants with numerous proven pharmacological effects including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial/antifungal and wound healing activity related to the components of the flowers such as sesquiterpenes, saponins, triterpenes, flavonoids. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10, Ubiquinone) is a naturally occurring oil-soluble antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent that supports collagen production, mostly popularized as an anti-aging ingredient in skincare products for topical use. Novel Marigold extract and CoQ10–loaded polyvinylpyrrolidone nanofibers intended for skin treatment and wound therapy were developed using the electrospinning technique. The presence of functional groups on the nanofibrous surfaces was confirmed by FTIR analysis, the SEM images show the average size of the obtained nanomats and the thermal properties were investigated via DSC analysis.

Synthesis and Electrochromic Properties of Crystalline 3D Urchin-Like Nanostructures

2013 ◽  
Vol 683 ◽  
pp. 307-313
Author(s):  
Jin Joo Jung ◽  
Do Hyung Kim
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Synthesis Temperature ◽  
Electrochromic Devices ◽  
Synthesis Time ◽  
High Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Template Free ◽  
Rapid Switching

Novel 3D (three-dimensional) urchin-like WO2.72nanostructures were prepared by a template-free hydrothermal synthetic route using W(CO)6and ethyl alcohol reagents. The detailed morphology and crystallinity were dependant on the synthesis temperature and synthesis time. The potential use of WO2.72nanourchins as a cathode electrode for electrochromic devices was assessed. The WO2.72electrochromic films exhibited a rapid switching response time (coloring time ~5 s, bleaching time ~1.6 s), outstanding high coloration efficiency (~116 cm2/C), and durability in an acidic electrolyte. This performance was attributed to the high diffusion coefficient [~6.43×10-9 cm2/s (in the intercalation)] of the urchin-likeWO2.72with a high surface area to volume ratio and high crystallinity

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