scholarly journals Tunable structural color of bottlebrush block copolymers through direct-write 3D printing from solution

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (24) ◽  
pp. eaaz7202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijal B. Patel ◽  
Dylan J. Walsh ◽  
Do Hoon Kim ◽  
Justin Kwok ◽  
Byeongdu Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Size Control ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Domain Size ◽  
Direct Write ◽  
Processing Scheme ◽  
Solvent Vapor ◽  
Robust Processing

Additive manufacturing of functional materials is limited by control of microstructure and assembly at the nanoscale. In this work, we integrate nonequilibrium self-assembly with direct-write three-dimensional (3D) printing to prepare bottlebrush block copolymer (BBCP) photonic crystals (PCs) with tunable structure color. After varying deposition conditions during printing of a single ink solution, peak reflected wavelength for BBCP PCs span a range of 403 to 626 nm (blue to red), corresponding to an estimated change in d-spacing of >70 nm (Bragg- Snell equation). Physical characterization confirms that these vivid optical effects are underpinned by tuning of lamellar domain spacing, which we attribute to modulation of polymer conformation. Using in situ optical microscopy and solvent-vapor annealing, we identify kinetic trapping of metastable microstructures during printing as the mechanism for domain size control. More generally, we present a robust processing scheme with potential for on-the-fly property tuning of a variety of functional materials.

Periodically ordered nanohetero inorganic structures of nanoparticles, nanorods and layers in a matrix from self-assembled block copolymers

2014 ◽  
Vol 1706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Wakayama ◽  
Hirotaka Yonekura ◽  
Yasuaki Kawai
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Domain Size ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Size And Morphology

ABSTRACTPeriodically ordered nanohetero inorganic structures offer great promise due to their unique electric, ionic, magnetic, and photonic properties. Many studies have focused on the formation of periodically ordered nano-hetero inorganic structures through layer-by-layer adsorption, sputtering, and self-assembly methods. However, the construction of three-dimensional periodically ordered nanohetero inorganic structures with desired sizes and morphologies remains a great challenge. We present a simple method for producing three-dimensional periodically ordered inorganic nanoheterostructures with controlled shape and size by replicating self-assembled block copolymers (BCPs) containing precursors of metals and metal oxides. Precursors were dissolved with BCPs in a solvent. Upon evaporation of the solvent, each precursor was selectively introduced into a separate polymer block. Application of an external magnetic field (10 T) to the BCP-precursor composites resulted in a phase transition of from spheres to hexagonal cylinders. Subsequent pyrolytic removal of the BCPs produced periodically ordered nanoheterostructures that were structural replicates of the precursor–BCP composites. Self-assembled nano-hetero inorganic structures of nanoparticles, nanorods and layers in a matrix were produced. The morphology and domain size can be tailored by controlling the molecular weight and relative block length of block copolymers. The controlled size and morphology of the inorganic nanoheterostructures demonstrate the method’s utility for producing highly functional materials.

scholarly journals Ethylene glycol assisted three-dimensional floral evolution of BiFeO 3 -based nanostructures with effective magneto-electric response

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 200642
Author(s):  
Syed Kumail Abbas ◽  
Ghulam M. Mustafa ◽  
Murtaza Saleem ◽  
Muhammad Sufyan ◽  
Saira Riaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Bias Field ◽  
Memory Storage ◽  
High Coercivity ◽  
Electric Response ◽  
Ferromagnetic Behaviour

Controlled growth of nanostructures plays a vital role in tuning the physical and chemical properties of functional materials for advanced energy and memory storage devices. Herein, we synthesized hierarchical micro-sized flowers, built by the self-assembly of highly crystalline, two-dimensional nanoplates of Co- and Ni-doped BiFeO 3 , using a simple ethylene glycol-mediated solvothermal method. Pure BiFeO 3 attained scattered one-dimensional nanorods-type morphology having diameter nearly 60 nm. Co-doping of Co and Ni at Fe-site in BiFeO 3 does not destabilize the morphology; rather it generates three-dimensional floral patterns of self-assembled nanoplates. Unsaturated polarization loops obtained for BiFeO 3 confirmed the leakage behaviour of these rhombohedrally distorted cubic perovskites. These loops were then used to determine the energy density of the BiFeO 3 perovskites. Enhanced ferromagnetic behaviour with high coercivity and remanence was observed for these nanoplates. A detailed discussion about the origin of ferromagnetic behaviour based on Goodenough–Kanamori's rule is also a part of this paper. Impedance spectroscopy revealed a true Warburg capacitive behaviour of the synthesized nanoplates. High magneto-electric (ME) coefficient of 27 mV cm −1 Oe −1 at a bias field of −0.2 Oe was observed which confirmed the existence of ME coupling in these nanoplates.

Peptide α-helices for synthetic nanostructures

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G. Ryadnov
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Protein Assemblies ◽  
Helical Peptides ◽  
Design Rules ◽  
Natural Protein ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Recent Developments

Supramolecular structures arising from a broad range of chemical archetypes are of great technological promise. Defining such structures at the nanoscale is crucial to access principally new types of functional materials for applications in bionanotechnology. In this vein, biomolecular self-assembly has emerged as an efficient approach for building synthetic nanostructures from the bottom up. The approach predominantly employs the spontaneous folding of biopolymers to monodisperse three-dimensional shapes that assemble into hierarchically defined mesoscale composites. An immediate interest here is the extraction of reliable rules that link the chemistry of biopolymers to the mechanisms of their assembly. Once established these can be further harnessed in designing supramolecular objects de novo. Different biopolymer classes compile a rich repertoire of assembly motifs to facilitate the synthesis of otherwise inaccessible nanostructures. Among those are peptide α-helices, ubiquitous folding elements of natural protein assemblies. These are particularly appealing candidates for prescriptive supramolecular engineering, as their well-established and conservative design rules give unmatched predictability and rationale. Recent developments of self-assembling systems based on helical peptides, including fibrous systems, nanoscale linkers and reactors will be highlighted herein.

Nanolithography using molecular films and processing

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.L. McGuiness ◽  
R.K. Smith ◽  
M.E. Anderson ◽  
P.S. Weiss ◽  
D.L. Allara
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Nanoimprint Lithography ◽  
Film Growth ◽  
Microcontact Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Direct Write ◽  
Molecular Films ◽  
Molecular Assemblies ◽  
Molecular Rulers

This article focuses on the use of molecular films as building blocks for nanolithography. More specifically, it reviews efforts aimed at utilizing organic molecular assemblies in overcoming the limitations of lithography, including self-patterning and directed patterning. It considers the methods of patterning self-assembled organic monolayer films through soft-lithographic methods such as microcontact printing and nanoimprint lithography, through direct ‘write’ or ‘machine’ processes with a nanometer-sized tip and through exposure to electron or photon beams. It also discusses efforts to pattern the organic assemblies via the physicochemical self-assembling interactions, including patterning via phase separation of chemically different molecules and insertion of guest adsorbates into host matrices. Furthermore, it examines the efforts that have been made to couple patterned molecular assemblies with inorganic thin-film growth methods to form spatially constrained, three-dimensional thin films. Finally, it describes a hybrid self-assembly/conventional lithography (i.e. molecular rulers) approach to forming nanostructures.

scholarly journals 3D and 4D printing for optics and metaphotonics

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1139-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoon Yeub Jeong ◽  
Eunsongyi Lee ◽  
Soo-Chan An ◽  
Yeonsoo Lim ◽  
Young Chul Jun
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
4D Printing ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Optical Components ◽  
Freeform Optics ◽  
Recent Developments

AbstractThree-dimensional (3D) printing is a new paradigm in customized manufacturing and allows the fabrication of complex optical components and metaphotonic structures that are difficult to realize via traditional methods. Conventional lithography techniques are usually limited to planar patterning, but 3D printing can allow the fabrication and integration of complex shapes or multiple parts along the out-of-plane direction. Additionally, 3D printing can allow printing on curved surfaces. Four-dimensional (4D) printing adds active, responsive functions to 3D-printed structures and provides new avenues for active, reconfigurable optical and microwave structures. This review introduces recent developments in 3D and 4D printing, with emphasis on topics that are interesting for the nanophotonics and metaphotonics communities. In this article, we have first discussed functional materials for 3D and 4D printing. Then, we have presented the various designs and applications of 3D and 4D printing in the optical, terahertz, and microwave domains. 3D printing can be ideal for customized, nonconventional optical components and complex metaphotonic structures. Furthermore, with various printable smart materials, 4D printing might provide a unique platform for active and reconfigurable structures. Therefore, 3D and 4D printing can introduce unprecedented opportunities in optics and metaphotonics and may have applications in freeform optics, integrated optical and optoelectronic devices, displays, optical sensors, antennas, active and tunable photonic devices, and biomedicine. Abundant new opportunities exist for exploration.

scholarly journals Ultrastable liquid crystalline blue phase from molecular synergistic self-assembly

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Hu ◽  
Ling Wang ◽  
Meng Wang ◽  
Tingjun Zhong ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Molecular Design ◽  
Glassy State ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Blue Phase ◽  
Blue Phases

AbstractFabricating functional materials via molecular self-assembly is a promising approach, and precisely controlling the molecular building blocks of nanostructures in the self-assembly process is an essential and challenging task. Blue phase liquid crystals are fascinating self-assembled three-dimensional nanomaterials because of their potential information displays and tuneable photonic applications. However, one of the main obstacles to their applications is their narrow temperature range of a few degrees centigrade, although many prior studies have broadened it to tens via molecular design. In this work, a series of tailored uniaxial rodlike mesogens disfavouring the formation of blue phases are introduced into a blue phase system comprising biaxial dimeric mesogens, a blue phase is observed continuously over a temperature range of 280 °C, and the range remains over 132.0 °C after excluding the frozen glassy state. The findings show that the molecular synergistic self-assembly behavior of biaxial and uniaxial mesogens may play a crucial role in achieving the ultrastable three-dimensional nanostructure of blue phases.

Four-Dimensional (4D) Printing: Applying Soft Adaptive Materials to Additive Manufacturing

2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 1740003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zibiao Li ◽  
Xian Jun Loh
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
4D Printing ◽  
Direct Assembly ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Simple Logic ◽  
Immense Potential ◽  
Adaptive Materials

Four-dimensional (4D) printing is an up-and-coming technology for the creation of dynamic devices which have shape changing capabilities or on-demand capabilities over time. Through the printing of adaptive 3D structures, the concept of 4D printing can be realized. Modern manufacturing primarily utilizes direct assembly techniques, limiting the possibility of error correction or instant modification of a structure. Self-building, programmable physical materials are interesting for the automatic and remote construction of structures. Adaptive materials are programmable physical or biological materials which possess shape changing properties or can be made to have simple logic responses. There is immense potential in having disorganized fragments form an ordered construct through physical interactions. However, these are currently limited to only self-assembly at the smallest scale, typically at the nanoscale. The answer to customizable macro-structures is in additive manufacturing, or 3D printing. 3D printing is a 30 years old technology which is beginning to be widely used by consumers. However, the main gripes about this technology are that it is too inefficient, inaccessible, and slow. Cost is also a significant factor in the adoption of this technology. 3D printing has the potential to transform and disrupt the manufacturing landscape as well as our lives. 4D printing seeks to use multi-functional materials in 3D printing so that the printed structure has multiple response capabilities and able to self-assemble on the macroscale. In this paper, we will analyze the early promise of this technology as well as to highlight potential challenges that adopters could face. The primary focus will be to have a look at the application of materials to 3D printing and to show how these materials can be tailored to create responsive customized 4D structures.

Wüstite nanocrystals: Synthesis, structure and superlattice formation

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 1987-1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Yin ◽  
Zhuoying Chen ◽  
Brian Deegan ◽  
Stephen O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Size Control ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Salt Crystal ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
Nonpolar Solvents ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
State Kinetic

Monodisperse ligand-capped cubic wüstite FexO nanocrystals were prepared by a novel thermal decomposition method of iron (II) acetate in the presence of oleic acid as the surfactant. Controlled size distributions of cubic nanoparticles possessing the rock salt crystal structure were isolated in the range 10–18 nm. The influence of molar ratio of surfactant to precursor was investigated to understand size control and monodispersity. Using inexpensive, nontoxic metal salts as reactants, we were able to synthesize gram-scale quantities of relatively monodisperse nanocrystals in a single reaction, without further size selection, characterized by x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The procedure enables the collection of samples of uniform size as a function of time, thus permitting a preliminary solid-state kinetic analysis of the reaction as a function of increasing particle size. Following controlled evaporation from nonpolar solvents, self-assembly into two-dimensional arrays, three-dimensional single-component superlattices, and binary superlattices with gold nanoparticles were observed and characterized.

scholarly journals Amphiphilic DNA Organic Hybrids: Functional Materials in Nanoscience and Potential Application in Biomedicine

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Zhao ◽  
Ting Du ◽  
Feng Liang ◽  
Simin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Dna Nanostructures ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Modified Dna ◽  
Assembly Behavior ◽  
Art Research

Due to the addressability and programmability, DNA has been applied not merely in constructing static elegant nanostructures such as two dimensional and three dimensional DNA nanostructures but also in designing dynamic nanodevices. Moreover, DNA could combine with hydrophobic organic molecules to be a new amphiphilic building block and then self-assemble into nanomaterials. Of particular note, a recent state-of-the-art research has turned our attention to the amphiphilic DNA organic hybrids including small molecule modified DNA (lipid-DNA, fluorescent molecule-DNA, etc.), DNA block copolymers, and DNA-dendron hybrids. This review focuses mainly on the development of their self-assembly behavior and their potential application in nanomaterial and biomedicine. The potential challenges regarding of the amphiphilic DNA organic hybrids are also briefly discussed, aiming to advance their practical applications in nanoscience and biomedicine.

Synthesis, structure and photoluminescence properties of a three-dimensional cadmium(II) (4,5)-connected coordination network

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 1581-1585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni-Ya Li ◽  
Dong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Engineering ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Title Compound ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Photoluminescence Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Coordination Network ◽  
Potential Applications

The assembly of coordination polymers from metal ions and organic moieties is currently attracting considerable attention in crystal engineering due to their intriguing architectures and potential applications as functional materials. A new coordination polymer, namely poly[[μ2-trans-1,2-bis(pyridin-3-yl)ethylene-κ2 N:N′]bis(μ4-4,4′-oxydibenzoato-κ6 O:O,O′:O′′:O′′,O′′′)dicadmium(II)], [Cd2(C14H8O5)2(C12H10N2)] n or [Cd2(4,4′-OBB)2(3,3′-BPE)] n , has been synthesized by the the self-assembly of Cd(NO3)2·4H2O, 4,4′-oxydibenzoic acid (4,4′-H2OBB) and trans-1,2-bis(pyridin-3-yl)ethene (3,3′-BPE) under hydrothermal conditions. The title compound was structurally characterized by IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Each CdII centre is coordinated by six carboxylate O atoms from four different 4,4′-OBB2− ligands and by one pyridyl N atom form a 3,3′-BPE ligand. Adjacent crystallographically equivalent CdII ions are bridged by 4,4′-OBB2− ligands, affording a two-dimensional [Cd(4,4′-OBB)] n net extending in the ac plane. Neighbouring [Cd(4,4′-OBB)] n nets are interlinked by 3,3′-BPE along the b axis to form a three-dimensional (3D) [Cd2(4,4′-OBB)2(3,3′-BPE)] n coordination network. In the network, each CdII centre is linked by four different 4,4′-OBB2− ligands and one 3,3′-BPE ligand. Meanwhile, each 4,4′-OBB2− ligand connects four separate CdII ions. Therefore, if the 4,4′-OBB2− ligands and CdII ions are considered as 4- and 5-connecting nodes, the structure of the title compound can be simplified as a 3D (4,5)-connected binodal framework with the rare (4462)(4466) TCS topology (Pearson, 1985; Blake et al., 2011). The thermal stability and photoluminescence properties of the title compound have also been investigated.

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