scholarly journals Irradiated tumor cell–derived microparticles mediate tumor eradication via cell killing and immune reprogramming

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (13) ◽  
pp. eaay9789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Wan ◽  
Yajie Sun ◽  
Yu Tian ◽  
Lisen Lu ◽  
Xiaomeng Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Malignant Pleural Effusion ◽  
Bystander Effect ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Radiation Induced Bystander Effect ◽  
Tumor Eradication

Radiotherapy (RT) is routinely used in cancer treatment, but expansion of its clinical indications remains challenging. The mechanism underlying the radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE) is not understood and not therapeutically exploited. We suggest that the RIBE is predominantly mediated by irradiated tumor cell–released microparticles (RT-MPs), which induce broad antitumor effects and cause immunogenic death mainly through ferroptosis. Using a mouse model of malignant pleural effusion (MPE), we demonstrated that RT-MPs polarized microenvironmental M2 tumor-associated macrophages (M2-TAMs) to M1-TAMs and modulated antitumor interactions between TAMs and tumor cells. Following internalization of RT-MPs, TAMs displayed increased programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, enhancing follow-up combined anti–PD-1 therapy that confers an ablative effect against MPE and cisplatin-resistant MPE mouse models. Immunological memory effects were induced.

ANALYSIS OF THE LETHAL EFFECTS OF LOW-DOSE RADIATION ON GLIOMA CELLS: RELATIONSHIP OF THE BYSTANDER EFFECT AND METAL ELEMENTS

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
SEIICHI WADA ◽  
MAUKO SUDO ◽  
SAKIKO TAMURA ◽  
TAKEHIKO KAKIZAKI ◽  
NOBUHIKO ITO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Bystander Effect ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Metal Elements ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Radiation Induced Bystander Effect ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Investigation of the radiation-induced bystander effect plays an important role in the understanding of the mechanisms of radiation response after low-dose irradiation. Sphingomyelinase (SMase) was activated by radiation and required the metal element for its activation. For further elucidation of the bystander effect, we investigated the relationship between its induction by acid SMase and a factor secreted from the irradiated tumor cells. In the cell culture medium transfer experiment after irradiation at a dose of 0.1 Gy , cell death was induced in non-irradiated cells. However, when cells received prior treatment with SMase inhibitor, cell death was not induced. When fluctuations in the activation of SMase and metal elements were detected, both intracellularly and extracellularly after irradiation, an increase in SMase activity and Zn concentration occurred within the cells at 5 min and outside of the cells at 15 min after irradiation. This increase in zinc concentration at 15 min after irradiation was suppressed by treatment with SMase inhibitor. These results suggest that activation of SMase, which is related to the bystander effect, is dependent on zinc.

scholarly journals Mechanism of radiation-induced bystander effect: Role of the cyclooxygenase-2 signaling pathway

2005 ◽  
Vol 102 (41) ◽  
pp. 14641-14646 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Zhou ◽  
V. N. Ivanov ◽  
J. Gillespie ◽  
C. R. Geard ◽  
S. A. Amundson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Bystander Effect ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Radiation Induced Bystander Effect

scholarly journals Radiation-induced bystander effect in non-irradiated glioblastoma spheroid cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 777-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahime Faqihi ◽  
Ali Neshastehriz ◽  
Shokouhozaman Soleymanifard ◽  
Robabeh Shabani ◽  
Nazila Eivazzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Bystander Effect ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Radiation Induced Bystander Effect

scholarly journals Radiation induced bystander effect and DNA damage

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasir Jalal ◽  
Saba Haq ◽  
Namrah Anwar ◽  
Saadiya Nazeer ◽  
Umar Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Bystander Effect ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Radiation Induced Bystander Effect

Models of the radiation-induced bystander effect

2012 ◽  
Vol 88 (8) ◽  
pp. 592-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando P. Faria ◽  
Ronald Dickman ◽  
Carlos H. C. Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Bystander Effect ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Radiation Induced Bystander Effect

scholarly journals Biological Entanglement–Like Effect After Communication of Fish Prior to X-Ray Exposure

Dose-Response ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 155932581775006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmel Mothersill ◽  
Richard Smith ◽  
Jiaxi Wang ◽  
Andrej Rusin ◽  
Cris Fernandez-Palomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bystander Effect ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Signal Production ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Plant Photosynthesis ◽  
Radiation Induced Bystander Effect ◽  
Proteomic Responses

The phenomenon by which irradiated organisms including cells in vitro communicate with unirradiated neighbors is well established in biology as the radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE). Generally, the purpose of this communication is thought to be protective and adaptive, reflecting a highly conserved evolutionary mechanism enabling rapid adjustment to stressors in the environment. Stressors known to induce the effect were recently shown to include chemicals and even pathological agents. The mechanism is unknown but our group has evidence that physical signals such as biophotons acting on cellular photoreceptors may be implicated. This raises the question of whether quantum biological processes may occur as have been demonstrated in plant photosynthesis. To test this hypothesis, we decided to see whether any form of entanglement was operational in the system. Fish from 2 completely separate locations were allowed to meet for 2 hours either before or after which fish from 1 location only (group A fish) were irradiated. The results confirm RIBE signal production in both skin and gill of fish, meeting both before and after irradiation of group A fish. The proteomic analysis revealed that direct irradiation resulted in pro-tumorigenic proteomic responses in rainbow trout. However, communication from these irradiated fish, both before and after they had been exposed to a 0.5 Gy X-ray dose, resulted in largely beneficial proteomic responses in completely nonirradiated trout. The results suggest that some form of anticipation of a stressor may occur leading to a preconditioning effect or temporally displaced awareness after the fish become entangled.

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