scholarly journals Battery-free, fully implantable optofluidic cuff system for wireless optogenetic and pharmacological neuromodulation of peripheral nerves

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. eaaw5296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Aaron D. Mickle ◽  
Philipp Gutruf ◽  
Lisa A. McIlvried ◽  
Hexia Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Microfluidic System ◽  
Neuronal Function ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
And Function

Studies of the peripheral nervous system rely on controlled manipulation of neuronal function with pharmacologic and/or optogenetic techniques. Traditional hardware for these purposes can cause notable damage to fragile nerve tissues, create irritation at the biotic/abiotic interface, and alter the natural behaviors of animals. Here, we present a wireless, battery-free device that integrates a microscale inorganic light-emitting diode and an ultralow-power microfluidic system with an electrochemical pumping mechanism in a soft platform that can be mounted onto target peripheral nerves for programmed delivery of light and/or pharmacological agents in freely moving animals. Biocompliant designs lead to minimal effects on overall nerve health and function, even with chronic use in vivo. The small size and light weight construction allow for deployment as fully implantable devices in mice. These features create opportunities for studies of the peripheral nervous system outside of the scope of those possible with existing technologies.

scholarly journals Peripheral axonal ensheathment is regulated by Ral GTPase and the exocyst complex

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana F. Silva-Rodrigues ◽  
Cátia F. Patrício-Rodrigues ◽  
Vicente de Sousa-Xavier ◽  
Pedro M. Augusto ◽  
Ana C. Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Secretory Vesicles ◽  
Neuronal Function ◽  
Exocyst Complex ◽  
Membrane Growth ◽  
Ral Gtpase

AbstractAxon ensheathment is fundamental for fast impulse conduction and the normal physiological functioning of the nervous system. Defects in axonal insulation lead to debilitating conditions, but despite its importance, the molecular players responsible are poorly defined. Here, we identify Ral GTPase as a key player in axon ensheathment in Drosophila larval peripheral nerves. We demonstrate through genetic analysis that Ral action through the exocyst complex is sufficient and necessary in wrapping glial cells to regulate their growth and development. We suggest that the Ral-exocyst pathway controls the targeting of secretory vesicles for membrane growth or for the secretion of a wrapping glia-specific factor that itself regulates growth. In summary, our findings provide a new molecular understanding of the process by which axons are ensheathed in vivo, a process critical for normal neuronal function.

scholarly journals Discoidin domain receptor regulates ensheathment, survival, and caliber of peripheral axons

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan M. Corty ◽  
Alexandria P. Lassetter ◽  
Jo Q. Hill ◽  
Amy E. Sheehan ◽  
F. Javier Bernardo-Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Genetic Interaction ◽  
Neuronal Function ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Discoidin Domain Receptor ◽  
And Function ◽  
Circuit Function

Invertebrate axons and small caliber axons in mammalian peripheral nerves are unmyelinated but still ensheathed by glia. How this type of ensheathment is controlled and its roles in supporting neuronal function remain unclear. We performed an in vivo RNAi screen in Drosophila to identify glial genes required for axon ensheathment and identified the conserved receptor tyrosine kinase Discoidin domain receptor (Ddr). In larval peripheral nerves, loss of Ddr resulted in incomplete ensheathment of axons. We found a strong dominant genetic interaction between Ddr and the fly type XV/XVIII collagen Multiplexin (Mp), suggesting Ddr functions a collagen receptor to drive wrapping of axons during development. Surprisingly, while ablation of glia that wrap axons severely impaired larval motor behavior, incomplete wrapping in Ddr mutants was sufficient to support basic circuit function. In adult nerves, loss of Ddr from glia decreased long-term survival of sensory neurons and significantly reduced axon caliber without overtly affecting ensheathment. Our data establish a crucial role for non-myelinating glia in peripheral nerve development and function across the lifespan, and identify Ddr as a key regulator of axon-glia interactions during ensheathment.

scholarly journals Implantable Optrode Array for Optogenetic Modulation and Electrical Neural Recording

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 725
Author(s):  
Saeyeong Jeon ◽  
Youjin Lee ◽  
Daeho Ryu ◽  
Yoon Kyung Cho ◽  
Yena Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Neural Recording ◽  
Electrophysiological Recording ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Novel Design

During the last decade, optogenetics has become an essential tool for neuroscience research due to its unrivaled feature of cell-type-specific neuromodulation. There have been several technological advances in light delivery devices. Among them, the combination of optogenetics and electrophysiology provides an opportunity for facilitating optogenetic approaches. In this study, a novel design of an optrode array was proposed for realizing optical modulation and electrophysiological recording. A 4 × 4 optrode array and five-channel recording electrodes were assembled as a disposable part, while a reusable part comprised an LED (light-emitting diode) source and a power line. After the characterization of the intensity of the light delivered at the fiber tips, in vivo animal experiment was performed with transgenic mice expressing channelrhodopsin, showing the effectiveness of optical activation and neural recording.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo Efficacy of New Blue Light Emitting Diode Phototherapy Compared to Conventional Halogen Quartz Phototherapy for Neonatal Jaundice

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Sil Chang ◽  
Jong Hee Hwang ◽  
Hyuk Nam Kwon ◽  
Chang Won Choi ◽  
Sun Young Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Neonatal Jaundice ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
In Vivo Efficacy ◽  
Light Emitting

The Peripheral Nervous System: Anatomy and Function

2012 ◽  
pp. 1-67
Author(s):  
Rolfe Birch ◽  
Rolfe Birch ◽  
Rolfe Birch ◽  
Rolfe Birch
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
And Function

Retinal damage related to high-intensity light-emitting diode exposure: An in vivo study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Emílio de Araújo ◽  
Marina Bozzini Paies ◽  
Ana Beatriz Arrais ◽  
Fernando Ladd Lobo ◽  
Ruthnaldo Rodrigues Melo de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Retinal Damage ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
High Intensity Light

A Compact Microcontrolled Microfluidic System for Photometric Determination of Phosphate in Natural Water Samples

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osmundo Dantas Pessoa-Neto ◽  
Tiago Almeida Silva ◽  
Vagner Bezerra dos Santos ◽  
Orlando Fatibello-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Photometric Determination ◽  
Microfluidic System ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Led Photometer

A compact environmentally friendly microcontrolled microfluidic device ideal for in situ phosphate determination was developed based on a microsystem based on low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) coupled to a light-emitting diode (LED)–photometer with a multicommutation flow analysis (MCFA) approach. The experimental parameters of the MCFA analyzer were optimized by chemometric studies. Under the best experimental conditions, limits of detection and quantification of 0.02 mg P L–1 and 0.07 mg P L–1, respectively, and a sampling frequency of 67 h–1 were estimated. Moreover, a low sample consumption of only 60 μL per determination was the other advantage that fully meets the requirements of sustainable research and green chemistry purposes.

Toward in vivo determination of peripheral nervous system immune activity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Schreiber ◽  
Frank Schreiber ◽  
Cornelia Garz ◽  
Grazyna Debska‐Vielhaber ◽  
Anne Assmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Immune Activity ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis
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