scholarly journals Media exposure to mass violence events can fuel a cycle of distress

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. eaav3502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca R. Thompson ◽  
Nickolas M. Jones ◽  
E. Alison Holman ◽  
Roxane Cohen Silver
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Media Consumption ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Mass Violence ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
High Distress ◽  
Boston Marathon

The established link between trauma-related media exposure and distress may be cyclical: Distress can increase subsequent trauma-related media consumption that promotes increased distress to later events. We tested this hypothesis in a 3-year longitudinal study following the 2013 Boston Marathon bombings and the 2016 Orlando Pulse nightclub massacre using a national U.S. sample (N= 4165). Data were collected shortly after the bombings, 6 and 24 months post-bombings, and beginning 5 days after the Pulse nightclub massacre (approximately 1 year later; 36 months post-bombings). Bombing-related media exposure predicted posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTS) 6 months later; PTS predicted worry about future negative events 2 years after the bombings, which predicted increased media consumption and acute stress following the Pulse nightclub massacre 1 year later. Trauma-related media exposure perpetuates a cycle of high distress and media use.

Parental distress in response to childhood medical trauma: A mediation model

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 1681-1691
Author(s):  
Roseanne Currie ◽  
Vicki A Anderson ◽  
Maria C McCarthy ◽  
Kylie Burke ◽  
Stephen JC Hearps ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Parental Distress ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Acute Stress Response ◽  
The Relationship

This study explored the relationship between individual and family-level risk in predicting longer-term parental distress following their child’s unexpected diagnosis of serious illness. A mediation model was tested, whereby parents’ pre-existing psychosocial risk predicts longer-term posttraumatic stress symptoms, indirectly through parents’ acute stress response. One hundred and thirty-two parents of 104 children participated. Acute stress response partially mediated the relationship between psychosocial risk and posttraumatic stress symptoms, with a moderate indirect effect ( r2 = .20, PM = .56, p < .001). Findings demonstrated that cumulative psychosocial risk factors predispose parents to acute stress and longer-term posttraumatic stress symptoms, highlighting the need for psychosocial screening in this population.

scholarly journals Media Exposure to Collective Trauma, Mental Health, and Functioning: Does It Matter What You See?

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Alison Holman ◽  
Dana Rose Garfin ◽  
Pauline Lubens ◽  
Roxane Cohen Silver
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
New York ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Collective Trauma ◽  
Graphic Image ◽  
Boston Marathon ◽  
Representative National Sample

Media exposure to collective trauma is associated with acute stress (AS) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Qualities of media exposure (e.g., amount, graphic features) contributing to this distress are poorly understood. A representative national sample (with New York and Boston oversamples; N = 4,675) completed anonymous, online surveys 2 to 4 weeks after the Boston Marathon bombings (BMB; Wave 1, or W1) and again 6 months later (Wave 2, or W2; N = 3,598). W1 assessed BMB-related AS and media exposure (i.e., hours of media consumption, graphic image content) 1 week post-BMB; W2 assessed PTSS, fear of future terrorism, and functional impairment. Greater exposure to graphic (bloody) images was associated with higher W1 AS and increased PTSS, fear of future terrorism, and functional impairment at W2. W1 AS, W2 PTSS, and fear of future terrorism mediated the association between media and functional impairment. Graphic image exposure is associated with mental-health symptoms linked to impaired functioning.

scholarly journals Early posttraumatic stress symptoms and levels of distress in trauma patients treated in the resuscitation room: an exploratory study

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Reiner ◽  
Manfred E. Beutel ◽  
Philipp Winter ◽  
Pol M. Rommens ◽  
Sebastian Kuhn
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Resuscitation Room ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
High Distress ◽  
Car Accident ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The aim of the present study was to investigate the incidence of psychological distress and posttraumatic stress symptoms in trauma patients who have been recruited from the resuscitation room. Further, we wanted to explore risk factors for posttraumatic stress symptoms, taking different accident types into account. Methods Our sample consisted of 45 patients who have been treated in the resuscitation room and were interviewed within the first ten days after treatment. Type of accident, third party fault, previous mental health problems and pretraumatic stress were examined. Patients were interviewed with respect to their currently felt distress regarding the accident. Posttraumatic stress symptoms were measured with the German version of the Impact of Event Scale. Injury severity was assessed by means of the Injury Severity Score. Results Our exploratory and cross-sectional project reveals that more severe injuries were associated with higher distress. However, posttraumatic stress symptoms were predicted by high distress and being involved in a car accident, but not by injury severity. Conclusions We identified two potential risk factors for the development of posttraumatic stress in trauma patients recruited from the resuscitation room: Being involved in a car accident and high distress. Trial registration The project has been registered at the Study Center of Mental Disorders (SPE) at the University Medical Center Mainz (No: 92072014).

scholarly journals Latent Profiles and Influencing Factors of Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Among Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjie Duan ◽  
Qiujie Guan ◽  
Qiuping Jin
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Latent Profiles

The COVID-19 pandemic severely affected public health and the prevalence of posttraumatic stress symptoms among adults in Hubei Province, China. In this study, a total of 2,930 (662 males and 2,268 females) adults answered a questionnaire obtaining information on their demographics, posttraumatic stress symptoms (i.e., intrusion and avoidance), social media exposure, social media involvement, and self-efficacy. Results of the latent profile analysis identified four latent profiles of posttraumatic stress symptoms, which are, no symptoms, high intrusion–low avoidance, moderate symptoms, and high symptoms. The multinomial logistic regression analyses revealed the contributors to the posttraumatic stress symptoms subgroups. Adults with high social media involvement were classified into the high intrusion–low avoidance group, whereas adults with low self-efficacy were included in the moderate symptoms group. Meanwhile, adults with high social media involvement and low self-efficacy were included in the high symptoms group. Interventions may focus on decreasing social media involvement for the adults in the high Intrusion–low avoidance group, improving self-efficacy for the adults in the moderate symptoms group, and reducing social media involvement and improving self-efficacy for the adults in the high symptoms group.

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