scholarly journals Battery-free, skin-interfaced microfluidic/electronic systems for simultaneous electrochemical, colorimetric, and volumetric analysis of sweat

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. eaav3294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amay J. Bandodkar ◽  
Philipp Gutruf ◽  
Jungil Choi ◽  
KunHyuck Lee ◽  
Yurina Sekine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweat Rate ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
Narrow Scope ◽  
Integration Schemes ◽  
Sensing Platform ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Electronic Sensing

Wearable sweat sensors rely either on electronics for electrochemical detection or on colorimetry for visual readout. Non-ideal form factors represent disadvantages of the former, while semiquantitative operation and narrow scope of measurable biomarkers characterize the latter. Here, we introduce a battery-free, wireless electronic sensing platform inspired by biofuel cells that integrates chronometric microfluidic platforms with embedded colorimetric assays. The resulting sensors combine advantages of electronic and microfluidic functionality in a platform that is significantly lighter, cheaper, and smaller than alternatives. A demonstration device simultaneously monitors sweat rate/loss, pH, lactate, glucose, and chloride. Systematic studies of the electronics, microfluidics, and integration schemes establish the key design considerations and performance attributes. Two-day human trials that compare concentrations of glucose and lactate in sweat and blood suggest a potential basis for noninvasive, semi-quantitative tracking of physiological status.

scholarly journals Volumetric Analysis and Performance of Hot Mix Asphalt with Variable Rap Content

2017 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 09004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Kamil Arshad ◽  
Masyita Mohammad ◽  
Ekarizan Shaffie ◽  
Wardati Hashim ◽  
A. G. Abdul Halim
Keyword(s):  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
And Performance

A New Foundry-Based Open-Gate Junction Field-Effect Transistor (OG-JFET) as Electronic Sensing Platform (ESP) for Life Science Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Panahi ◽  
Hamed Osouli Tabrizi ◽  
Priyadarshini Mangannavar ◽  
Oleg Chebotarev ◽  
Andrew Fung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Effect ◽  
Field Effect Transistor ◽  
Life Science ◽  
Sensing Platform ◽  
Effect Transistor ◽  
Electronic Sensing

Development of Synergistic Opto-Electronic Sensing Platform based on Zinc Oxide Semiconducting Nanostructures

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (1) ◽  
pp. 001191-001196
Author(s):  
Anurag Gupta ◽  
Bruce C. Kim ◽  
Mitchell Spryn ◽  
Eugene Edwards ◽  
Christina Brantley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanowires ◽  
Oxide Nanowires ◽  
Sensing Platform ◽  
Sensor Platform ◽  
Semiconducting Nanostructures ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Characterization Studies ◽  
Electronic Sensing

Potential of zinc oxide nanowires for developing a sensitive opto-electronic platform was demonstrated. Zinc oxide nanowires synthesized on insulating sapphire substrates were functionalized with an optically active receptor, 1-pyrenebutyric acid. Appropriate characterization studies including XPS and FT-IR ATR are reported. I-V curves of pristine and receptor-modified nanowires were utilized to highlight the potential of zinc oxide nano-heterostructures for developing a sensitive opto-electronic platform for p-nitrophenol sensing. Packaging issues for achieving an efficient and cost-effective sensor platform have also been outlined.

scholarly journals Real-space grids and the Octopus code as tools for the development of new simulation approaches for electronic systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (47) ◽  
pp. 31371-31396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Andrade ◽  
David Strubbe ◽  
Umberto De Giovannini ◽  
Ask Hjorth Larsen ◽  
Micael J. T. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Space ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
And Performance

We explore how strategies to simulate various phenomena of electronic systems have been implemented in the Octopus code, using the versatility and performance of real-space grids.

Co-Firing Technology for Buried Resistors

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Yadagiri ◽  
K. K. Goswami ◽  
K. S. Gurumurthy ◽  
Satyam ◽  
K. N. Shankara
Keyword(s):  
Thick Film ◽  
Firing Process ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Sequential Processing ◽  
Intermediate Layers ◽  
Firing Technology ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Embedded Resistors ◽  
Made In

The complexity and performance of the electronic components and systems is increasing and placing greater demands on compact packaging and interconnection technologies. Multilayer thick film technology is one of the important technologies adopted in the miniaturization of electronic systems. Normally only interconnections are made in the intermediate layers. The possibility of fabricating resistors along with interconnections in the intermediate layers using conventional thick film materials using co-firing process has been examined in this paper. Normally multilayer structures are fabricated by printing / drying / firing of each layer separately starting from the bottom most layer (sequential processing). In this process the bottom layers undergo sintering many times. To avoid many firing cycles and to save power and processing time, a study is taken up to examine the effects of co-firing on the multilayer structure with embedded resistors. The results of the study are presented in this paper.

Design and Performance Analysis of Application Specific Integrated Circuit for Internet of Things Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Vivek Pogra ◽  
Santosh Kumar Vishvakarma ◽  
Balwinder Raj
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Direct Memory Access ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
Memory Module ◽  
Iot Platform ◽  
Application Specific Integrated Circuit ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Application Specific ◽  
Novel Design

This paper proposes a novel design of application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) which is capable of connecting sensor network and other electronic systems to the Internet. The transfer of data between different networks and internet of things (IoT) platform is controlled by IoT platform with the help of instruction sent to ASIC. ASIC will act as serial peripheral interface (SPI) master to all connected networks and data will be transferred serially between them. The different ASIC modules are SPI module, control module, memory module and data/instruction decoder with additional modules built-in self-test (BIST) and direct memory access (DMA). The proposed ASIC will consume less power as compared to conventional microcontroller/microprocessor due to the fact that it is designed for IoT applications. It is described in VHDL at RTL level and simulation is done on the Vivado 2016.2.

scholarly journals Complex Interplay Between Determinants of Pacing and Performance During 20-km Cycle Time Trials

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Renfree ◽  
Julia West ◽  
Mark Corbett ◽  
Clare Rhoden ◽  
Alan St Clair Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Pacing Strategy ◽  
And Performance

Purpose:This study examined the determinants of pacing strategy and performance during self-paced maximal exercise.Methods:Eight well-trained cyclists completed two 20-km time trials. Power output, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), positive and negative affect, and iEMG activity of the active musculature were recorded every 0.5 km, confidence in achieving preexercise goals was assessed every 5 km, and blood lactate and pH were measured postexercise. Differences in all parameters were assessed between fastest (FAST) and slowest (SLOW) trials performed.Results:Mean power output was significantly higher during the initial 90% of FAST, but not the final 10%, and blood lactate concentration was significantly higher and pH significantly lower following FAST. Mean iEMG activity was significantly higher throughout SLOW. Rating of perceived exertion was similar throughout both trials, but participants had significantly more positive affect and less negative affect throughout FAST. Participants grew less confident in their ability to achieve their goals throughout SLOW.Conclusions:The results suggest that affect may be the primary psychological regulator of pacing strategy and that higher levels of positivity and lower levels of negativity may have been associated with a more aggressive strategy during FAST. Although the exact mechanisms through which affect acts to influence performance are unclear, it may determine the degree of physiological disruption that can be tolerated, or be reflective of peripheral physiological status in relation to the still to be completed exercise task.

scholarly journals Materials and Devices for Biodegradable and Soft Biomedical Electronics

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongfeng Li ◽  
Liu Wang ◽  
Lan Yin
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Materials ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Biodegradable Materials ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
Intimate Contact ◽  
Quality Healthcare ◽  
Integration Schemes ◽  
Healthcare Monitoring ◽  
Biomedical Electronics ◽  
Soft Electronics

Biodegradable and soft biomedical electronics that eliminate secondary surgery and ensure intimate contact with soft biological tissues of the human body are of growing interest, due to their emerging applications in high-quality healthcare monitoring and effective disease treatments. Recent systematic studies have significantly expanded the biodegradable electronic materials database, and various novel transient systems have been proposed. Biodegradable materials with soft properties and integration schemes of flexible or/and stretchable platforms will further advance electronic systems that match the properties of biological systems, providing an important step along the path towards clinical trials. This review focuses on recent progress and achievements in biodegradable and soft electronics for biomedical applications. The available biodegradable materials in their soft formats, the associated novel fabrication schemes, the device layouts, and the functionality of a variety of fully bioresorbable and soft devices, are reviewed. Finally, the key challenges and possible future directions of biodegradable and soft electronics are provided.

scholarly journals Multi-boson block factorization of fermions

2018 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 01003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Giusti ◽  
Marco Cè ◽  
Stefan Schaefer
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Lattice Qcd ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Quark Propagator ◽  
Monte Carlo Integration ◽  
Integration Schemes ◽  
Block Factorization ◽  
Boson Fields ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The Impact

The numerical computations of many quantities of theoretical and phenomenological interest are plagued by statistical errors which increase exponentially with the distance of the sources in the relevant correlators. Notable examples are baryon masses and matrix elements, the hadronic vacuum polarization and the light-by-light scattering contributions to the muon g – 2, and the form factors of semileptonic B decays. Reliable and precise determinations of these quantities are very difficult if not impractical with state-of-the-art standard Monte Carlo integration schemes. I will review a recent proposal for factorizing the fermion determinant in lattice QCD that leads to a local action in the gauge field and in the auxiliary boson fields. Once combined with the corresponding factorization of the quark propagator, it paves the way for multi-level Monte Carlo integration in the presence of fermions opening new perspectives in lattice QCD. Exploratory results on the impact on the above mentioned observables will be presented.

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