scholarly journals Designing durable icephobic surfaces

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. e1501496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Golovin ◽  
Sai P. R. Kobaku ◽  
Duck Hyun Lee ◽  
Edward T. DiLoreto ◽  
Joseph M. Mabry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Strength ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Accelerated Corrosion ◽  
Material Chemistry ◽  
Link Density ◽  
Cross Link Density ◽  
Interfacial Slippage ◽  
Ice Adhesion

Ice accretion has a negative impact on critical infrastructure, as well as a range of commercial and residential activities. Icephobic surfaces are defined by an ice adhesion strength τice < 100 kPa. However, the passive removal of ice requires much lower values of τice, such as on airplane wings or power lines (τice < 20 kPa). Such low τice values are scarcely reported, and robust coatings that maintain these low values have not been reported previously. We show that, irrespective of material chemistry, by tailoring the cross-link density of different elastomeric coatings and by enabling interfacial slippage, it is possible to systematically design coatings with extremely low ice adhesion (τice < 0.2 kPa). These newfound mechanisms allow for the rational design of icephobic coatings with virtually any desired ice adhesion strength. By using these mechanisms, we fabricate extremely durable coatings that maintain τice < 10 kPa after severe mechanical abrasion, acid/base exposure, 100 icing/deicing cycles, thermal cycling, accelerated corrosion, and exposure to Michigan wintery conditions over several months.

scholarly journals Design of Icephobic Surfaces by Lowering Ice Adhesion Strength: A Mini Review

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1343
Author(s):  
Zhiwei He ◽  
Yizhi Zhuo ◽  
Zhiliang Zhang ◽  
Jianying He
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Strength ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Ice Nucleation ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Ice Accretion ◽  
Textured Surfaces ◽  
Theoretical Limit ◽  
Ice Adhesion

Ice accretion can lead to severe consequences in daily life and sometimes catastrophic events. To mitigate the hazard of icing, passive icephobic surfaces have drawn widespread attentions because of their abilities in repelling incoming water droplets, suppressing ice nucleation and/or lowering ice adhesion strength. As time elapses and temperature lowers sufficiently, ice accretion becomes inevitable, and a realistic roadmap to surface icephobicity for various outdoor anti-icing applications is to live with ice but with the lowest ice adhesion strength. In this review, surfaces with icephobicity are critically categorized into smooth surfaces, textured surfaces, slippery surfaces and sub-surface textured surfaces, and discussed in terms of theoretical limit, current status and perspectives. Particular attention is paid to multiple passive anti-icing strategies combined approaches as proposed on the basis of icephobic surfaces. Correlating the current strategies with one another will promote understanding of the key parameters in lowering ice adhesion strength. Finally, we provide remarks on the rational design of state-of-the-art icephobic surfaces with low ice adhesion strength.

Evaluation of Ice Adhesion Strength on the Oxidation of Transmission Line ACSR Cable

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 378-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Jae Cho ◽  
◽  
You Sub Kim ◽  
Yong Chan Jung ◽  
Soo Yeol Lee
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Line ◽  
Adhesion Strength ◽  
Ice Adhesion

Boron nitride for modification of rubber based on isoprene elastomer

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
K. S. Zhansakova ◽  
E. N. Eremin ◽  
G. S. Russkikh ◽  
O. V. Kropotin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Curing Time ◽  
Cross Link ◽  
Start Time ◽  
Link Density ◽  
Cross Link Density ◽  
Isoprene Rubber

The work studies vulcanization characteristics of elastomers based on isoprene rubber filled with carbon black N330 and boron nitride (BN). The influence of the boron nitride (BN) concentration on technological, dynamic, physical and mechanical properties of elastomers has been researched. The application of boron nitride for producing rubber with good properties has been considered. With a gradual increase of the inert filler BN concentration up to 35%, a decrease in the curing rate by 33% and polymer cross-link density by 26% is observed. Moreover, the start time of vulcanization increases by almost 300%, the optimal curing time by 200%.

Tensile and Shear Test Methods for Quantifying the Ice Adhesion Strength to a Surface

Ice Adhesion ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 237-284
Author(s):  
Alexandre Laroche ◽  
Maria Jose Grasso ◽  
Ali Dolatabadi ◽  
Elmar Bonaccurso
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Strength ◽  
Shear Test ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Ice Adhesion

Mechanical and structural consequences of associative dynamic cross-linking in acrylic diblock copolymers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Ishibashi ◽  
Ian Pierce ◽  
Alice Chang ◽  
Aristotelis Zografos ◽  
Bassil El-Zaatari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Diblock Copolymers ◽  
Microphase Separation ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Ethyl Acrylate ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Cross Link ◽  
Block Polymers ◽  
Link Density ◽  
Cross Link Density

<p>The composition of low-T<sub>g</sub> <i>n</i>-butylacrylate-<i>block</i>-(acetoxyaceto)ethyl acrylate block polymers is investigated as a strategy to tune the properties of dynamically cross-linked vinylogous urethane vitrimers. As the proportion of the cross-linkable block is increased, the thermorheological properties, structure, and stress relaxation evolve in ways that cannot be explained by increasing cross-link density alone. Evidence is presented that network connectivity defects such as loops and dangling ends are increased by microphase separation. The thermomechanical and viscoelastic properties of block copolymer-derived vitrimers arise from the subtle interplay of microphase separation and network defects.</p><div><br></div><p></p>

Mechanical behavior of poly(methyl methacrylate)-based ionogels

Soft Matter ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (40) ◽  
pp. 7993-8000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingyu Li ◽  
Jianyu Li ◽  
Hui Na ◽  
Joost J. Vlassak
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Fracture Energy ◽  
Cross Link ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Link Density ◽  
Cross Link Density ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Ideal

We demonstrate that the fracture energy of ionogels correlates inversely with the cross-link density. The behavior of ionogels is well captured by the ideal elastomeric gel model.

scholarly journals Magnetic composites based on NR and strontium ferrite

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Ján Kruželák ◽  
Andrea Kvasničáková ◽  
Rastislav Dosoudil ◽  
Ivan Hudec
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Strontium Ferrite ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Cross Link ◽  
Magnetic Composites ◽  
Link Density ◽  
Cross Links ◽  
Cross Link Density ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Thermo Physical Properties

Abstract Two types of composites based on natural rubber (NR) and strontium ferrite were tested in this study. Composites of the first type were prepared by incorporation of strontium ferrite in the concentration range ranging from 0 to 100 phr (parts per hundred rubber) into pure NR based rubber matrix, while with those of the second type, strontium ferrite was dosed in the same concentration level into NR based rubber batch with constant amount of carbon black — 25 phr. For rubber matrices cross-linking, a standard sulfur based curing system was used. This work is focused on the effect of magnetic filler content on physico-mechanical, magnetic and thermo-physical properties of composite materials. Subsequently, the cross-link density and the structure of the formed sulfidic cross-links were examined. The results showed that the cross-link density of both types of composites increased with the increasing content of magnetic filler, while the structure of the sulfidic cross-links was almost not influenced by the amount of strontium ferrite. Tensile strength of rubber composites with pure rubber matrix was slightly improved by the incorporation of ferrite, while in case of composites based on a carbon black batch, the incorporation of magnetic filler resulted in the decrease of this characteristic. The presence of magnetic filler in both types of composites leads to a significant increase of the remanent magnetic induction.

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