scholarly journals International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. XCV. Recent Advances in the Understanding of the Pharmacology and Biological Roles of Relaxin Family Peptide Receptors 1–4, the Receptors for Relaxin Family Peptides

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Halls ◽  
Ross A. D. Bathgate ◽  
Steve W. Sutton ◽  
Thomas B. Dschietzig ◽  
Roger J. Summers
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Pharmacology ◽  
Peptide Receptors ◽  
International Union ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Relaxin Family ◽  
Relaxin Family Peptides

International Union of Pharmacology LVII: Recommendations for the Nomenclature of Receptors for Relaxin Family Peptides

2006 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross A. Bathgate ◽  
Richard Ivell ◽  
Barbara M. Sanborn ◽  
O. David Sherwood ◽  
Roger J. Summers
Keyword(s):  
International Union ◽  
Relaxin Family ◽  
Relaxin Family Peptides

Relaxin Family Peptides and Their Receptors

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 405-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. D. Bathgate ◽  
M. L. Halls ◽  
E. T. van der Westhuizen ◽  
G. E. Callander ◽  
M. Kocan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Map Kinases ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Second Messengers ◽  
Therapeutic Benefit ◽  
Male Reproduction ◽  
Female Reproduction ◽  
Peptide Receptors ◽  
Relaxin Family ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Relaxin Family Peptides

There are seven relaxin family peptides that are all structurally related to insulin. Relaxin has many roles in female and male reproduction, as a neuropeptide in the central nervous system, as a vasodilator and cardiac stimulant in the cardiovascular system, and as an antifibrotic agent. Insulin-like peptide-3 (INSL3) has clearly defined specialist roles in male and female reproduction, relaxin-3 is primarily a neuropeptide involved in stress and metabolic control, and INSL5 is widely distributed particularly in the gastrointestinal tract. Although they are structurally related to insulin, the relaxin family peptides produce their physiological effects by activating a group of four G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), relaxin family peptide receptors 1–4 (RXFP1–4). Relaxin and INSL3 are the cognate ligands for RXFP1 and RXFP2, respectively, that are leucine-rich repeat containing GPCRs. RXFP1 activates a wide spectrum of signaling pathways to generate second messengers that include cAMP and nitric oxide, whereas RXFP2 activates a subset of these pathways. Relaxin-3 and INSL5 are the cognate ligands for RXFP3 and RXFP4 that are closely related to small peptide receptors that when activated inhibit cAMP production and activate MAP kinases. Although there are still many unanswered questions regarding the mode of action of relaxin family peptides, it is clear that they have important physiological roles that could be exploited for therapeutic benefit.

scholarly journals The A-chain of Human Relaxin Family Peptides Has Distinct Roles in the Binding and Activation of the Different Relaxin Family Peptide Receptors

2008 ◽  
Vol 283 (25) ◽  
pp. 17287-17297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Akhter Hossain ◽  
K. Johan Rosengren ◽  
Linda M. Haugaard-Jönsson ◽  
Soude Zhang ◽  
Sharon Layfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peptide Receptors ◽  
Relaxin Family ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Relaxin Family Peptides

scholarly journals CryoEM at IUCrJ: a new era

IUCrJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sriram Subramaniam ◽  
Werner Kühlbrandt ◽  
Richard Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Cryomicroscopy ◽  
International Union ◽  
New Era ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Natural Home

In this overview, we briefly outline recent advances in electron cryomicroscopy (cryoEM) and explain why the journal IUCrJ, published by the International Union of Crystallography, could provide a natural home for publications covering many present and future developments in the cryoEM field.

Relaxin Family Peptide Receptors RXFP3 and RXFP4

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Martina Kocan ◽  
Sheng Yu Ang ◽  
Roger J. Summers
Keyword(s):  
Peptide Receptors ◽  
Relaxin Family
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