CANCER STEM CELLS: Redefining the Paradigm of Cancer Treatment Strategies

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dean
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Treatment Strategies

scholarly journals The Multifaceted Role of Aldehyde Dehydrogenases in Prostate Cancer Stem Cells

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4703
Author(s):  
Jakob Püschel ◽  
Anna Dubrovska ◽  
Ielizaveta Gorodetska
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Tumor Resistance ◽  
Prostate Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
State Of Research

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the only tumor cells possessing self-renewal and differentiation properties, making them an engine of tumor progression and a source of tumor regrowth after treatment. Conventional therapies eliminate most non-CSCs, while CSCs often remain radiation and drug resistant, leading to tumor relapse and metastases. Thus, targeting CSCs might be a powerful tool to overcome tumor resistance and increase the efficiency of current cancer treatment strategies. The identification and isolation of the CSC population based on its high aldehyde dehydrogenase activity (ALDH) is widely accepted for prostate cancer (PCa) and many other solid tumors. In PCa, several ALDH genes contribute to the ALDH activity, which can be measured in the enzymatic assay by converting 4, 4-difluoro-4-bora-3a, 4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) aminoacetaldehyde (BAAA) into the fluorescent product BODIPY-aminoacetate (BAA). Although each ALDH isoform plays an individual role in PCa biology, their mutual functional interplay also contributes to PCa progression. Thus, ALDH proteins are markers and functional regulators of CSC properties, representing an attractive target for cancer treatment. In this review, we discuss the current state of research regarding the role of individual ALDH isoforms in PCa development and progression, their possible therapeutic targeting, and provide an outlook for the future advances in this field.

scholarly journals Graphene oxide selectively targets cancer stem cells, across multiple tumor types: Implications for non-toxic cancer treatment, via “differentiation-based nano-therapy”

Oncotarget ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 3553-3562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Fiorillo ◽  
Andrea F. Verre ◽  
Maria Iliut ◽  
Maria Peiris-Pagés ◽  
Bela Ozsvari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Multiple Tumor ◽  
Tumor Types

scholarly journals Cancer stem cells and therapeutic targets: an emerging field for cancer treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arokia Priyanka Vaz ◽  
Moorthy P. Ponnusamy ◽  
Surinder K. Batra
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Targets

scholarly journals Targeting cancer stem cells in squamous cell carcinoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demeng Chen ◽  
Cun-Yu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Small Population

AbstractHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a highly aggressive tumor and the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Current treatment strategies for HNSCC are surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy or combinatorial therapies. However, the overall 5-year survival rate of HNSCC patients remains at about 50%. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a small population among tumor cells, are able to self-renew and differentiate into different tumor cell types in a hierarchical manner, similar to normal tissue. In HNSCC, CSCs are proposed to be responsible for tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, drug resistance, and recurrence. In this review, we discuss the molecular and cellular characteristics of CSCs in HNSCC. We summarize current approaches used in the literature for identification of HNSCC CSCs, and mechanisms required for CSC regulation. We also highlight the role of CSCs in treatment failure and therapeutic targeting options for eliminating CSCs in HNSCC.

Next-generation nanotheranostics targeting cancer stem cells

Nanomedicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 2487-2514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaa Reda ◽  
Salma Hosseiny ◽  
Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Tumor Initiating Cells ◽  
Dna Repair Mechanisms ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Repair Mechanisms ◽  
Opening Up

Cancer is depicted as the most aggressive malignancy and is one the major causes of death worldwide. It originates from immortal tumor-initiating cells called ‘cancer stem cells’ (CSCs). This devastating subpopulation exhibit potent self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation characteristics. Dynamic DNA repair mechanisms can sustain the immortality phenotype of cancer to evade all treatment strategies. To date, current conventional chemo- and radio-therapeutic strategies adopted against cancer fail in tackling CSCs. However, new advances in nanotechnology have paved the way for creating next-generation nanotheranostics as multifunctional smart ‘all-in-one’ nanoparticles. These particles integrate diagnostic, therapeutic and targeting agents into one single biocompatible and biodegradable carrier, opening up new avenues for breakthroughs in early detection, diagnosis and treatment of cancer through efficient targeting of CSCs.

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